| specific capsular substance | A soluble type-specific polysaccharide produced during active growth of virulent pneumococci composing a large part of the capsule. Synonym: pneumococcal polysaccharide, soluble specific substance, specific soluble polysaccharide, specific soluble sugar. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| specific cause | A cause the action of which definitely produces the condition in question. (05 Mar 2000) |
| specific cholinesterase | <enzyme, neurology, physiology> An enzyme that breaks down unused acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft (the space between neurons), this enzyme is necessary to restore the synaptic cleft so it is ready to transmit the next nerve impulse. (06 May 1997) |
| specific compliance | The compliance of a structure divided by its initial volume, more specifically for the lungs, the compliance divided by the functional residual capacity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| specific disease | A disease produced by the action of a special pathogenic microorganism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| specific dynamic action | The increase of heat production caused by the ingestion of food, especially of protein. (05 Mar 2000) |
| specific epithet | The label (or designation) of a particular species in the binomial nomenclature system. For example: coli is the specific epithet of Escherichia coli. (09 Oct 1997) |
| specific extinction | Absorbance (of light) per unit path length (usually the centimeter) and per unit of mass concentration. Compare: molar absorption coefficient. Synonym: absorbancy index, absorptivity, extinction coefficient, specific extinction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| specific granule | One of the two main classes of granules found in neutrophils: contain lactoferrin, lysozyme, Vitamin B12 binding protein and elastase. Are released more readily than the azurophil (primary) granules which have typical lysosmal contents. (18 Nov 1997) |
| specific gravity | A measure of concentration. It is the weight of a substance, as compared (as a ratio) with that of an equal volume of water. (27 Sep 1997) |
| specific haemolysin | A sensitizing, complement-fixing, haemolytic antibody that reacts totally or completely with red blood cells of the antigenic type used to stimulate the formation of the haemolysin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| specific heat | The amount of energy (measured in calories or joules) needed to raise thetemperature of one gram of a pure substance by one degree C. (09 Oct 1997) |
| specific heat capacity | <chemistry> The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). (09 Jan 1998) |
| specific immune globulin | Globulin fraction of pooled serums (or plasma) selected for high titre of antibodies specific for a particular antigen, or from persons specifically immunised. (05 Mar 2000) |
| specific immunity | The immune status in which there is an altered reactivity directed solely against the antigenic determinants (infectious agent or other) that stimulated it. See: acquired immunity. (05 Mar 2000) |