| mitochondrial e. |
any of a group of diseases characterized by abnormal mitochondrial function with involvement of the central nervous system and skeletal muscle and, in most cases, lactic acidosis. Diseases in this group, which includes subacute necrotizing encephalomyelitis, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, MELAS syndrome, and MERRF syndrome, may also be classified as mitochondrial myopathies or mitochondrial encephalopathies.
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| mitochondrial i. |
the inheritance of traits controlled by genes on the DNA of mitochondria in the ooplasm; the genes are thus inherited entirely from the mother (maternal inheritance). Inheritance is nonmendelian, since mitochondria are randomly distributed to the daughter cells at meiosis or mitosis. Mutations of the mitochondrial DNA cause a number of maternally inherited disorders; phenotypic expression of these disorders is variable and depends on the proportions of normal and mutant DNA. Called also cytoplasmic i. and extrachromosomal i.
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| mitochondrial m. |
the dense substance, generally homogeneous but sometimes finely filamentous or granulated, found in the inner chamber (intercristal space) of mitochondria.
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| mitochondrial membrane s. |
a narrow space between the inner and outer membranes of a mitochondrion, including its inward projections between the cristae.
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| mitochondrial s. |
a sheath of circumferentially oriented mitochondria, arranged end to end, that surrounds the middle piece of a spermatozoon and is thought to control the movements of the tail.
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