| AII | acute intestinal infection; second meiotic anaphase |
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| AIS | Abbreviated Injury Scale; amniotic infection syndrome; androgen insensitivity syndrome; anterior int... |
| ANLI | antibody-negative with latent infection |
| APIC | Association for Practitioners in Infection Control |
| AVRI | acute viral respiratory infection |
| ascariasis infection | <microbiology> Infection by the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides and is characterised by an early pulmonary phase related to larval migration and a later, prolonged intestinal phase. Adult worms are 15-40 cm in length and maintain themselves in the lumen of the small intestine. Infection occurs after ingesting eggs contained in contaminated food or more commonly, by transmission to the mouth by the hands after contact with contaminated soil. Treatment is with mebendazole or pyrantel pamoate. (27 Sep 1997) |
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| atypical mycobacterial infection | <microbiology> Infection with organisms from the Mycobacterium genus other than tuberculosis. Risk factors include immunocompromised patients and those with AIDS. Mycobacterium avium intracellulare is an example which frequently infects AIDS patients. Atypical mycobacterial infections can cause abscesses, septic arthritis and osteomyelitis. Treatment can be difficult due to the emergence of resistance to standard antitubercular antibiotics. (27 Sep 1997) |
| bacterial infection | <microbiology> Bacteria are group of micro-organisms that are a single cell approximately 1 micron in transverse diameter. Some bacteria cause disease in man, requiring treatment with an antibiotic. (27 Sep 1997) |
| bladder infection | Some people are at more risk for bladder and other urinary tract infections (UTIs) than others. One woman in five develops a UTI during her lifetime. Not everyone with a UTI has symptoms. Common symptoms include a frequent urge to urinate and a painful, burning when urinating. Underlying conditions that impair the normal urinary flow can lead to more complicated UTIs. (12 Dec 1998) |
| breast infection | <microbiology> Inflammation of the breast tissue most often caused by a bacterial infection. Staphylococcus is the most common organism. This breast infection is seen most commonly in the immediate postpartum period (during breast-feeding). Treatment includes warm wet compresses to the site and oral antibiotics. (27 Sep 1997) |
| parasitic infection | <microbiology> A successful invasion of a host by an organism that uses the host for food and shelter. (27 Sep 1997) |
| germinal infection | Infection of a baby with a disease by way of a parent's gamete (sperm or ovum). (09 Oct 1997) |
| mass infection | Infection resulting from the entrance of a large number of pathogens into the circulation or tissues. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Vincent's infection | An acute or recurrent gingivitis of young and middle-aged adults characterised clinically by gingival erythema and pain, fetid odour, and necrosis and sloughing of interdental papillae and marginal gingiva which gives rise to a gray pseudomembrane; fever, regional lymphadenopathy, and other systemic manifestations also may be present. A fusiform bacillus and Treponema vincentii can be isolated from the gingival tissues in large numbers and are felt to play a significant but poorly defined role in the pathogenesis. Synonym: fusospirochetal gingivitis, trench mouth, ulceromembranous gingivitis, Vincent's disease, Vincent's infection. (05 Mar 2000) |
| viral infection | The successful invasion, establishment and growth of viruses in the tissues of the host. (27 Sep 1997) |
| reservoir of infection | Living or nonliving material in or on which an infectious agent multiplies and/or develops and is dependent for its survival in nature. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chronic symptomatic HIV infection | This refers to an HIV infection that is characterised by signs and symptoms of HIV that are not life-threatening. Examples include oral thrush, gingivitis, seborrheic dermatitis, molluscum contangiosum, fevers, fatigue, lymph node swelling, malaise and weight loss. This stage can be a signal for the conversion from asymptomatic HIV disease to HIV disease (moe pronouced symptoms include joint pains). AIDS is diagnosed after HIV disease has started to manifest life-threatening oppotunistic infections (for example pneumocystis, cryptosporidium, toxoplasmosis, etc). (27 Sep 1997) |
| close contact infection | <epidemiology> An infection which requires close contact, other than sexual contact, between susceptible and infectious individuals, for transmission. (05 Dec 1998) |
| mixed infection | Infection by more than one variety of pathogenic microorganisms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| whipworm infection | <gastroenterology> An infection of the large intestine by Trichuris trichiura. It may be the most common helminthic infection found in Americans returning from subtropical and tropical areas. Children and the mentally retarded have the highest rate of infection due to a general lack of sanitary habits. The worms are 30-50 mm in length and attach themselves to the mucosa of the large intestine. Adult worms may live 4-8 years. Treatment is with mebendazole. (27 Sep 1997) |