| marsh gas | <chemistry> A light, colourless, gaseous, inflammable hydrocarbon, CH4; marsh gas. See Marsh gas, under Gas. <chemistry> Methane series, a series of saturated hydrocarbons, of which methane is the first member and type, and (because of their general chemical inertness and indifference) called also the paraffin (little affinity) series. The lightest members are gases, as methane, ethane; intermediate members are liquids, as hexane, heptane, etc. (found in benzine, kerosene, etc); while the highest members are white, waxy, or fatty solids, as paraffin proper. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| vesicating gas | A gas, such as mustard gas, which upon contact with the skin causes vesication and sloughing; inhalation may result in bronchopneumonia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vomiting gas | A gas, such as chloropicrin, that can cause vomiting and gastrointestinal disorders such as colic and diarrhoea. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pentavalent gas gangrene antitoxin | Antitoxin specific for the toxin of one or more species of Clostridium that cause gaseous gangrene and associated toxaemia, especially C. Perfringens C. Novyi, C. Histolyticum, and commercially available preparations are usually polyvalent, i.e., contain antitoxin for two or more species. Synonym: pentavalent gas gangrene antitoxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chromatography, gas | Fractionation of a vaporised sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mixed expired gas | <physiology> One or more complete breaths of expired gas coming thoroughly mixed from the dead space and the alveoli. (05 Mar 2000) |
| water gas | <chemistry> See Gas. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| mustard gas | <chemical> 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane). Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung oedema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the fourth annual report on carcinogens (ntp-85-002, 1985) (merck, 11th ed). Pharmacological action: carcinogens, chemical warfare agents, dermatologic agents. Chemical name: Ethane, 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloro- (12 Dec 1998) |
| haemolytic gas | A poisonous gas, such as arsine, inhalation of which causes haemolysis with haemoglobinuria, jaundice, gastroenteritis, and nephritis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| producer gas | Fuel gas high in carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2), produced by burning a solid fuel with insufficient air or by passing a mixture of air and steam through a burning bed of solid fuel. (05 Dec 1998) |
| second gas effect | When a constant concentration of an anaesthetic like halothane is inspired, the increase in alveolar concentration is accelerated by concomitant administration of nitrous oxide, because alveolar uptake of the latter creates a potential subatmospheric intrapulmonary pressure that leads to increased tracheal inflow. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pulmonary gas exchange | The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sewer gas | Gas, probably mostly methane, resulting from decomposition of organic matter in sewers; potentially explosive and toxic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sneezing gas | A substance, such as a gas, that induces sneezing. Synonym: sneezing gas. (05 Mar 2000) |
| suffocating gas | A gas, such as chlorine or phosgene, that causes intense irritation of the bronchial tubes and lungs, resulting in pulmonary oedema. (05 Mar 2000) |