| RVRA | renal vein rein activity; renal venous renin assay |
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| SFA | saturated fatty acid; seminal fluid assay; serum folic acid; stimulated fibrinolytic activity; super... |
| SLA | left sacroanterior [fetal position] [Lat. sacrolaeva anterior]; single-cell liquid cytotoxic assay; ... |
| UMA | ulcerative mutilating acropathy; upright membrane assay; urinary muramidase activity |
| CDA | Canadian Dental Association; Certified Dental Assistant; chenodeoxycholic acid; ciliary dyskinesia a... |
| haemolytic jaundice | <haematology> Haemolytic jaundice is a type of jaundice, where the skin takes on a yellowish hue, which occurs when red blood cells have been destroyed (by haemolysis). (09 Oct 1997) |
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| haemolytic splenomegaly | Splenomegaly associated with congenital haemolytic jaundice. (05 Mar 2000) |
| haemolytic streptococci | Those that produce active haemolysins (O and S) which cause a zone of clear haemolysis on the blood agar medium in the area of the colony; beta-haemolytic streptococci are divided into groups (A to O) on the basis of cell wall C carbohydrate (see Lancefield classification); Group A (in the strains pathogenic for man) comprises more than 50 types (designated by Arabic numerals) determined by cell wall M protein, which seems to be associated closely with virulence and is produced chiefly by strains with matt or mucoid colonies, in contrast to nonvirulent, glossy colony-producing strains; other surface protein antigens such as R and T (T substance), and the nucleoprotein fraction (P substance) seem to be of less importance. The more than 20 extracellular substances elaborated by strains of beta-haemolytic streptococci include erythrogenic toxin (elaborated only by lysogenic strains), deoxyribonuclease (streptodornase), haemolysins (streptolysins O and S), hyaluronidase, and streptokinase. Synonym: haemolytic streptococci. (05 Mar 2000) |
| haemolytic system | <haematology> A haemolytic system is composed of red blood cells covered with antibodies which are genetically identical to the surface proteins (antigens) of the red blood cells. It is used to measure how much complement is left after a round of complement fixation. (09 Oct 1997) |
| haemolytic unit | The smallest quantity (highest dilution) of inactivated immune serum (haemolysin) that will sensitise the standard suspension of erythrocytes so that the standard complement will cause complete haemolysis. Synonym: amboceptor unit. (05 Mar 2000) |
| haemolytic uraemic syndrome | <haematology, syndrome> A pathologic condition with involves the rupture (haemolysis) of red blood cells, subsequent anaemia, low platelet count and kidney failure. It is a syndrome of haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure, with pathological finding of thrombotic microangiopathy in kidney and renal cortical necrosis. See: haemolytic anaemia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| disease, haemolytic, of the newborn | Abnormal breakup of red blood cells in the foetus or newborn. (12 Dec 1998) |
| unstable haemoglobin haemolytic anaemia | A congenital haemolytic anaemia, due to autosomal inheritance of one of many unstable haemoglobins. The anaemia is of variable severity and characterised by the presence in vivo or in vitro of Heinz bodies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| male chromosome complement | The large majority of males have a 46, xy chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including an x and a y chromosome). A minority of males have other chromosome constitutions such as 47,xxy (47 chromosomes including two x chromosomes and a y chromosome) and 47,xyy (47 chromosomes including an x and two y chromosomes). (12 Dec 1998) |
| genetic complement | <biology, genetics> The set of chromosomes contained within any one particular cell. (07 May 1998) |
| receptors, complement | Molecules on the surface of some B-lymphocytes and macrophages, that recognise and combine with the c3b, c3d, c1q, and c4b components of complement. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, complement 3b | Molecular sites on or in some B-lymphocytes and macrophages that recognise and combine with complement 3b. The primary structure of these receptors reveal that they contain transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, with their extracellular portion composed entirely of thirty short consensus repeats each having 60 to 70 amino acids. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, complement 3d | Molecular sites on or in B-lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells, lymphoid cells, and epithelial cells that recognise and combine with complement 3d. Human cr2 serves as a receptor for both c3dg and the gp350/220 glycoprotein of herpes virus 4, human, and binds the monoclonal antibody okb7, which blocks binding of both ligands to the receptor. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chromosome complement | The whole set of chromosomes for the species. In humans, the chromosome complement (which is also called the karyotype) consists of 46 chromosomes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement | <immunology> A term originally used to refer to the heat labile factor in serum that causes immune cytolysis, the lysis of antibody coated cells and now referring to the entire functionally related system comprising at least 20 distinct serum proteins that is the effector not only of immune cytolysis but also of other biologic functions. Complement activation occurs by two different sequences, the classic and alternative pathways. The proteins of the classic pathway are termed components of complement and are designated by the symbols C1 through C9. C1 is a calcium dependent complex of three distinct proteins C1q, C1r and C1s. The proteins of the alternative pathway (collectively referred to as the properdin system) and complement regulatory proteins are known by semisystematic or trivial names. Fragments resulting from proteolytic cleavage of complement proteins are designated with lower case letter suffixes, for example, C3a. Inactivated fragments may be designated with the suffix i, for example C3bi. Activated components or complexes with biological activity are designated by a bar over the symbol for example C1 or C4b, 2a. The classic pathway is activated by the binding of C1 to classic pathway activators, primarily antigen-antibody complexes containing IgM, IgG1, IgG3, C1q binds to a single IgM molecule or two adjacent IgG molecules. The alternative pathway can be activated by IgA immune complexes and also by nonimmunologic materials including bacterial endotoxins, microbial polysaccharides and cell walls. Activation of the classic pathway triggers an enzymatic cascade involving C1, C4, C2 and C3, activation of the alternative pathway triggers a cascade involving C3 and factors B, D and P. Both result in the cleavage of C5 and the formation of the membrane attack complex. Complement activation also results in the formation of many biologically active complement fragments that act as anaphylatoxins, opsonins or chemotactic factors. (05 Jan 1998) |