| 영문 | blood-brain barrier | 한글 | 혈액뇌장벽 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액으로부터 뇌로는 지질용해성이 높은 약물밖에 이행되지 않는다. 수용성의 약물을 뇌로 이행되지 않게 하고 있는 것이 혈액뇌장벽이며 뇌의 모세혈관 내피세포, 모세혈관 주위의 세포가 장벽이 되고 있다. 물질교환은 수동확산에 의해 이루어지지만, 뇌의 생리적 활동에 필요한 물질은 이온형이라도 담체를 통해 이행된다. |
||
| 영문 | blood volume | 한글 | 혈액량 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 체내에 존재하는 혈액의 총량으로서, 보통 리터 또는 체중 1kg에 대하여 리터수로 표시한다. |
||
| 영문 | blood urea nitrogen | 한글 | 혈액요소질소 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 요소는 아미노산의 탈아미노에 의해 생긴 암노니아와 탄산가스로부터 간에서 합성된다. 혈중에서는 혈장과 혈구의 물성분 안에 함유되어 있다. 혈액요소질소는 콩팥토리에서 여과되며 일부 요세관에서 재흡수되고, 나머지가 오줌중에 배설된다. 따라서 혈액요소질소는 콩팥기능의 저하에 따라 증가되지만, 식사단백질 섭취량, 조직붕괴, 위장관 출혈 등과 탈수 등 순환혈액량의 이상으로 변동된다. |
||
| 영문 | blood product | 한글 | 혈액제제 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 1. 사람의 혈액을 성분별로 분리하여, 그것을 원료로 제조한 의약품. 악성 종양 따위에 수혈하는 적혈구, 백혈병-자색반병의 출혈을 멎게하는 혈소판, 화상의 치료에 쓰는 혈장, 산후 출혈을 멎게 하는 섬유소원 따위가 있다. 2. 사람의 혈액형을 검사하는데 쓰는 약. |
||
| 영문 | blood urea nitrogen(BUN) | 한글 | 혈중요소질소 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액속의 요소를 말한다. 요소란 단백질이나 아미노산의 최종산물로써 간에서 생산되어 콩팥으로 배출되는 물질이다. 이것은 인간에게 없어서는 안될 단백질과 아미노산의 산물이므로 사람에겐 언제나 일정량이 생산된다. 콩팥의 기능이 나쁠 경우에는 이것이 콩팥으로 배설되지 못하고 몸속에 축적된다. 그러므로 콩팥의 기능측정에 이것이 이용 된다. |
||
| DRG | diagnosis-related group; Division of Research Grants [NIH}; dorsal respiratory group; dorsal root ga... |
|---|---|
| GS | gallstone; Gardner syndrome; gastric shield; general surgery; gestational score; Gilbert syndrome; g... |
| GT | gait training; galactosyl transferase; gastrostomy; generation time; genetic therapy; gingiva treatm... |
| BlT | bleeding time; blood test; blood type, blood typing |
| CBL | circulating blood lymphocytes; chronic blood loss; cord blood leukocytes |
| r group | <chemistry> A chemical abbreviation that normally denotes an alkyl group, but is occasionally used to refer to other organic groups. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| chlorine group | The halogens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group | 1. A cluster, crowd, or throng; an assemblage, either of persons or things, collected without any regular form or arrangement; as, a group of men or of trees; a group of isles. 2. An assemblage of objects in a certain order or relation, or having some resemblance or common characteristic; as, groups of strata. 3. <biology> A variously limited assemblage of animals or planta, having some resemblance, or common characteristics in form or structure. The term has different uses, and may be made to include certain species of a genus, or a whole genus, or certain genera, or even several orders. 4. A number of eighth, sixteenth, etc, notes joined at the stems; sometimes rather indefinitely applied to any ornament made up of a few short notes. Origin: F groupe, It. Gruppo, groppo, cluster, bunch, packet, group; of G. Origin: cf. G. Krepf craw, crop, tumour, bunch. See Crop. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| group agglutination | Agglutination by antibodies specific for minor (group) antigens common to several microorganisms, each of which possesses its own major specific antigen. Synonym: cross agglutination. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group agglutinin | An immune agglutinin specific for a group antigen. Synonym: cross-reacting agglutinin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group antigens | Antigen's that are shared by related genera of microorganisms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis | A complication of infection with GAS (group A streptococci) in which the bacteria attacks and destroys muscle tissue. According to the CDC, 5-10% of people with severe GAS infection develop necrotizing fasciitis. Though the infection can be treated with antibiotics, the fatality rate is close to 30%. This complication often develops as a wound infection after surgery or injury. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group A streptococci | A common bacteria that is the cause of strep throat, scarlet fever, impetigo, cellulitis-erysipelas, rheumatic fever, acute glomerular nephritis, endocarditis, and group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis. The prototype is Streptococcus pyogenes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group B streptococci | A leading cause of a form of neonatal sepsis that has a 10-20% mortality rate and leaves a large number of survivors with brain damage. Also a leading cause of meningitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group dynamics | A term used to represent the study of underlying features of group behaviour, e.g., motives, attitudes; it is concerned with group change rather than with static characteristics. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group homes | Housing for groups of patients, children, or others who need or desire emotional or physical support. They are usually established as planned, single housekeeping units in residential dwellings that provide care and supervision for small groups of residents, who, although unrelated, live together as a family. (12 Dec 1998) |
| group hospital | A private hospital organised and controlled by a group of physicians and restricted to the reception and care of their own patients. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group III mycobacteria | Mycobacteria that are either colourless or that slowly produce a light yellow pigment when grown in the presence of light. Organisms placed in this group belong to the species Mycobacterium intracellulare. Synonym: nonchromogens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group II mycobacteria | Mycobacteria that produce a yellow pigment even when grown in the dark; when grown in the light, the pigment is orange. These organisms behave as do saprophytes in humans and are nonpathogenic to laboratory animals. Synonym: scotochromogens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group immunity | <immunology> Resistance of a group to a pathogen due to immunity of a large proportion of the group to that pathogen. (09 Oct 1997) |