| 영문 | blood group | 한글 | 혈액형 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 사람의 적혈구 표면에는 여러 가지 항원성을 가진 물질이 존재한다. 즉 면역학적 반응을 일으킬 수 있는 물질을 표면에 가지고 있다. 그리고 사람의 피속에는 이것과 반응할 수가 있는 항체도 존재한다. 사람의 혈액은 이것에 따라 몇가지 형으로 분류할 수가 있고, 이것을 혈액형이라고 한다. 혈액형은 적혈구 표면에 있는 어떤 물질을 기준으로 하느냐에 따라서 여러 가지로 분류될 수 있다. 대표적인 혈액형의 구분 방법에는 ABO혈액형과 Rh혈액형이 있다. 1. ABO 혈액형 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 혈액형 구분법. 적혈구 표면에는 A, B형의 두 가지 물질을 하나, 혹은 둘, 또는 하나도 가지지 않을 수가 있다. 그리고 피속에는 이것과 반응해서 적혈구를 파괴하거나 응집시킬 수 있는 물질(항체)이 존재한다. 물론 자신의 적혈구가 가지고 있는 물질에 대한 항체는 존재하지 않는다. -A형 혈액형－적혈구 표면에 A항원, 혈액속에 B에 대한 항체 -B형 혈액형－적혈구 표면에 B항원, 혈액속에 A에 대한 항체 -AB형 혈액형－적혈구 표면에 A, B항원, 혈액속에 A,B에 대한 항체를 가지지 않는다. -O형 혈액형－적혈구 표면에 A, B항원 모두를 가지지 않고, 혈액속에 A, B에 대한 항원을 모두 가진다. 대개 이것을 이용하여 수혈의 타당성 여부를 조사한다. 만약 A형 혈액형을 가진 사람의 피를 B형 혈액형의 사람에게 수혈하면 B형 혈액형을 가진 자의 피속에 있는 A에 대한 항체때문에 들어온 A형의 적혈구는 파괴되거나, 응집이 된다. O형의 혈액형을 가진 사람의 혈액의 적혈구는 표면에 A, B의 어떠한 물질도 가지고 있지 않아서 어떠한 혈액형을 가진 사람에게 수혈해도 반응을 일으키지 않는다. 이와 같은 원리로 AB형의 혈액형을 가진 사람은 혈액속에 A, B에 대한 항체를 모두 가지고 있지 않으므로 어떠한 혈액형이라도 받을 수가 있다. 2. Rh혈액형 적혈구표면에 있는 D라는 물질을 기준으로 하여 혈액형을 나누는 방법. 만약 D라는 물질이 적혈구의 표면에 존재하면 Rh(+), 존재하지 않으면 Rh(－)라고 한다. ABO혈액형에서와 같이 Rh(+)혈액형을 가지는 사람의 피속에는 D라는 물질에 대한 항체가 존재하지 않지만 Rh(－)혈액형을 가진 사람의 피속에는 D에 대한 항체가 존재한다. ABO혈액형과 마찬가지로 수혈의 타당성을 결정하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. |
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| 영문 | blood urea nitrogen(BUN) | 한글 | 혈중요소질소 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액속의 요소를 말한다. 요소란 단백질이나 아미노산의 최종산물로써 간에서 생산되어 콩팥으로 배출되는 물질이다. 이것은 인간에게 없어서는 안될 단백질과 아미노산의 산물이므로 사람에겐 언제나 일정량이 생산된다. 콩팥의 기능이 나쁠 경우에는 이것이 콩팥으로 배설되지 못하고 몸속에 축적된다. 그러므로 콩팥의 기능측정에 이것이 이용 된다. |
||
| ABS | abdominal surgery; acute brain syndrome; Adaptive Behavior Scale; admitting blood sugar; adult bovin... |
|---|---|
| BA | Bachelor of Arts; backache; bacterial agglutination; basilar artery; basion; benzyladenine; best amp... |
| BB | bad breath; bed bath; beta blockade, beta blocker; BioBreeding [rat]; blanket bath; blood bank; bloo... |
| BBB | blood-brain barrier; blood buffer base; bundle-branch block |
| BC | Bachelor of Surgery [Lat. Baccal-aureus Chirurgiae]; back care; bactericidal concentration; basal ce... |
| blood grouping and crossmatching | Testing erythrocytes to determine presence or absence of blood-group antigens, testing of serum to determine the presence or absence of antibodies to these antigens, and selecting biocompatible blood by crossmatching samples from the donor against samples from the recipient. Crossmatching is performed prior to transfusion. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| blood haemopathies | A group of disease states which primarily involve the bone marrow and the production blood cells. Examples include polycythaemia vera, leukaemia, myelofibrosis and primary thrombocytopenia. (27 Sep 1997) |
| blood island | An aggregation of splanchnic mesodermal cells on the embryonic yolk sac, with the potentiality of forming vascular endothelium and primitive blood cells. Synonym: blood islet. (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood islet | An aggregation of splanchnic mesodermal cells on the embryonic yolk sac, with the potentiality of forming vascular endothelium and primitive blood cells. Synonym: blood islet. (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood loss, surgical | Loss of blood during surgery. (12 Dec 1998) |
| blood lymph | Lymph exuded from the blood vessels and not derived from the fluid in the tissue spaces. (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood mole | A uterine mass occurring after foetal death and consisting of blood clots, foetal membranes, and placenta. Synonym: blood mole, carneous mole. (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood money | 1. Money paid to the next of kin of a person who has been killed by another. 2. Money obtained as the price, or at the cost, of another's life; said of a reward for supporting a capital charge, of money obtained for betraying a fugitive or for committing murder, or of money obtained from the sale of that which will destroy the purchaser. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| blood motes | Small refractive particles in the circulating blood, probably lipid material associated with fragmented stroma from red blood cells. Synonym: blood dust, blood motes, dust corpuscles. Origin: haemo-+ G. Konis, dust (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood patch, epidural | The injection of autologous blood into the epidural space either as a prophylactic treatment immediately following an epidural puncture or for treatment of headache as a result of an epidural puncture. (12 Dec 1998) |
| blood pH | PH of arterial blood; normal is 7.4 (normal range 7.36-7.44). (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood physiology | Observable characteristics of blood activities and functions, such as blood groups, coagulation processes, etc. (12 Dec 1998) |
| blood plasma | <haematology> Acellular fluid in which blood cells are suspended. Serum obtained by defibrinating plasma (plasma derived serum) lacks platelet released factors and is less suitable to support the growth of cells in culture. (13 Oct 1997) |
| blood plasma fractions | Portions of the blood plasma as separated by electrophoresis or other technique. (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood plastid | Any basic, morphologic unit in the biologic composition of blood, e.g., an erythrocyte. (05 Mar 2000) |
| high blood triglyceride | <biochemistry> Elevation of triglycerides, a fatty substance found in the bloodstream. Normal triglyceride blood levels should be 10-150 milligrams per decilitre. Elevations of the triglyceride level (particularly in association with elevated cholesterol) have been correlated with the development of atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of heart disease and stroke. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
|---|---|
| histo-blood group B transferase | <enzyme> Catalyses transfer of galactose from udp-galactose to glycoproteins and glycolipids; differs from a transferase by four amino acid residues Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- Synonym: b transferase, histo-blood group (26 Jun 1999) |
| sludged blood | Blood in which the corpuscles, as a result of some general abnormal state, e.g., burns, traumatic shock, and similar stresses, become massed together in the capillaries, and thereby block the vessels or move slowly through them. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Novy and MacNeal's blood agar | A nutrient agar containing two volumes of defibrinated rabbit's blood; suitable for the cultivation of a number of trypanosomes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| systolic blood pressure | <cardiology, physiology> The pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries during the contraction phase of the heart. Considered abnormally elevated if consistently over 150 mmHg. Systolic blood pressure varies with age, sex, size and relative condition. (27 Sep 1997) |
| diastolic blood pressure | The pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries when the heart is in the relaxation phase (diastole). Considered abnormally elevated if consistently over 90 mmhg. (27 Sep 1997) |
| differential blood pressure | The arterial blood pressure at corresponding points on the two sides of the body. (05 Mar 2000) |
| differential white blood count | An estimate of the percentage of white blood cell types which make up the total white blood cell count. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Dombrock blood group | See Blood Groups appendix. (05 Mar 2000) |
| dragon's blood | Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| duffy blood-group system | A blood group consisting mainly of the antigens fy(a) and fy(b), determined by allelic genes, the frequency of which varies profoundly in different races; amorphic genes are common. (12 Dec 1998) |
| I blood-group system | A blood group related both to the abo and p systems that includes several different antigens found in most people on erythrocytes, in milk, and in saliva. The antibodies react only at low temperatures. (12 Dec 1998) |
| incompatible blood transfusion reaction | A syndrome due to intravascular haemolysis of transfused blood by serum antibodies of the recipient, which react with an antigen of the donor red cells; characterised by chills, fever (often with urticaria), backache or muscle cramps, haemoglobinaemia, haemoglobinuria, and oliguria, which may result in acute renal failure, DIC, and death. (05 Mar 2000) |
| occult blood | Blood that is in the faeces or vomitus that is not obvious by general inspection. Used as a diagnostic screening test for colon cancer. Tests for occult blood are generally colourimetric. Stool sample will turn blue when a particular chemical reagent is mixed with the specimen on test paper. Kits for measuring occult blood in the stools are now available at most drug stores. (27 Sep 1997) |
| effective renal blood flow | The amount of blood flowing to the parts of the kidney that are involved with production of constituents of urine. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms : Blood Component Transfusions, Component Transfusion, Blood, Component Transfusions, Blood, Transfusion, Blood Component, Transfusions, Blood Component
Synonyms : Blood Donation, Blood Donations, Blood Donor, Donation, Blood, Donations, Blood, Donor, Blood, Donors, Blood
Synonyms : Blood Flow Velocities, Flow Velocities, Blood, Flow Velocity, Blood, Velocities, Blood Flow, Velocity, Blood Flow
Synonyms : Analysis, Blood Gas, Analyses, Blood Gas, Blood Gas Analyses, Gas Analyses, Blood, Gas Analysis, Blood
Synonyms : PtcO2, TcPCO2, Capnometries, Transcutaneous, Capnometry, Transcutaneous, Cutaneous Oximetries, Oximetries, Cutaneous, Oximetries, Transcutaneous, Oximetry, Cutaneous, Transcutaneous Capnometries, Transcutaneous Oximetries
| blood count |
the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| blood donor |
someone who gives blood to be used for transfusions
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| bloodline |
lineage: the descendants of one individual; "his entire lineage has been warriors" pedigree: ancestry of a purebred animal
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| blood fluke |
schistosome: flatworms parasitic in the blood vessels of mammals
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| bloodmobile |
a motor vehicle equipped to collect blood donations
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| blood | a knot used for tying fishing leaders together |
|---|---|
| blood | any of various deciduous or evergreen herbs of the genus Haemanthus |
| blood | the descendants of one individual |
| blood | the dried and powdered blood of animals |
| blood | paid to a hired murderer |
| blood | a reward for information about a murderer |
| blood | compensation paid to the family of a murdered person |
| blood | plasma that separates from blood in coagulation |
| blood | tiny bits of protoplasm found in vertebrate blood |
| blood | invasion of the bloodstream by virulent microorganisms from a focus of infection |
| blood | the pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels |
| blood | counting the number of white and red blood cells and the number of platelets in 1 cubic millimeter of blood |