| 영문 | TNM staging system | 한글 | 종양병기분류계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 종양의 병기(stage)를 결정하는 한 방법. T는 Tumor(종양)를 뜻하며 원발병터의 크기, 주위조직으로의 침윤정도 등에 따라 T1, T2, T3, T4(숫자가 높을 수록 주위로 침윤이 많다) 등으로 나눈다. N은 Node(림프절)를 뜻하며 침범된 림프절의 갯수, 크기, 위치 등에 따라 N1, N2, N3 등으로 나눈다. M은 Metastasis(전이)를 뜻하며 원격전이의 유무에 따라 M0, M1 등으로 나눈다. 이상의 방법으로 T, N, M이 결정되면 이들을 조합하여 최종적인 병기를 결정한다. 이렇게 결정된 병기는 치료 방침 결정과 예후 판단에 매우 중요하다. |
||
| 영문 | central nervous system(CNS) | 한글 | 중추신경계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경계는 중추신경계와 말초신경계로 분류할 수가 있다. 중추신경계란 뇌와 척수로 구성되어 있는 신경계를 이르는 말이다. 말초신경계란 이 이외의 모든 신경계를 이르는 말이다. |
||
| GTS | Gilles de la Tourette syndrome; glucose transport system |
|---|---|
| IVOTTS | Irvine viable organ-tissue transport system |
| VTR | variable tandem repeats; videotape recording; vesicular transport system |
| CTP | California Test of Personality; citrate transport protein; clinical terms project; comprehensive tre... |
| TRAP | carpal tunnel syndrome, Raynaud phenomenon, aching muscles, proximal muscle weakness [rheumatic diso... |
| membrane transport | <cell biology> The transfer of a substance from one side of a plasma membrane to the other, in a specific direction and at a rate faster than diffusion alone. See: active transport. (18 Nov 1997) |
|---|---|
| retrograde axonal transport | <cell biology> The transport of vesicles from the synaptic region of an axon towards the cell body: involves the interaction of MAP1C with microtubules. (11 Jan 1998) |
| channel transport | <radiobiology> In inertial fusion research using light ion drivers, describes the use of current-carrying plasma channels (which are magnetically confined to the channel) to transport electron or ion beams between the ion diode and the fusion target. This allows the ion source to stand back from the target. (09 Oct 1997) |
| reverse electron transport | <chemistry> The energy-dependent movement of electrons against the thermodynamic gradient to form a strong reductant from a weaker electron donor. (11 Jan 1998) |
| cholesterol ester transport proteins | A protein that transports cholesterol esters from HDL to VLDL and LDL; a deficiency of this protein is associated with elevated HDL cholesterol. (05 Mar 2000) |
| monosaccharide transport proteins | Membrane transport proteins which bind glucose and sodium ions and enter the cell together. The sodium ions are then pumped out of the cell by a sodium potassium atpase. The rate and extent of the sugar transport depends on the sodium ion concentration. Inhibitors of the monosaccharide transport system are phlorizin, cytochalasin b, and inhibitors of the sodium potassium atpase system. Insulin increases the rate of monosaccharide transport across the membrane into the cell. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cotranslational transport | <cell biology> Process whereby a protein is moved across a membrane as it is being synthesised. This process occurs during the translation of the message at membrane associated ribosomes in rough endoplasmic reticulum during the synthesis of secreted proteins in eukaryotic cells. (18 Nov 1997) |
| coupled transport | The linked, simultaneous transport of two substances across a cell membrane (or another intracellular membrane). If the two substances are moving in the same direction (both into the cell or both out of the cell) it is called symport. If the two substances are moving in opposite directions (one moves into the cell while the other moves out) it is called antiport. (09 Oct 1997) |
| hydrogen transport | The transfer of hydrogen from one metabolite (hydrogen donor) to another (hydrogen acceptor) through the action of an enzyme system; the donor is thus oxidised and the acceptor reduced. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sperm transport | Passive transport or active migration of spermatozoa from the testes through the male genital system as well as within the female genital system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nuclear transport | <cell biology> Passage of molecules in and out of the nucleus, presumably via nuclear pores. Passage of proteins into the nucleus may depend on possession of a nuclear location sequence containing five consecutive positively charged residues PKKKRKV). (18 Nov 1997) |
| nucleocytoplasmic transport | <cell biology, molecular biology> Transport of molecules from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. (18 Nov 1997) |
| iodide transport defect | See: familial goiter. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ion transport | The movement of ions across energy-transducing cell membranes. Transport can be active or passive. Passive ion transport (facilitated diffusion) derives its energy from the concentration gradient of the ion itself and allows the transport of a single solute in one direction (uniport). Active ion transport is usually coupled to an energy-yielding chemical or photochemical reaction such as ATP hydrolysis. This form of primary active transport is called an ion pump. Secondary active transport utilises the voltage and ion gradients produced by the primary transport to drive the cotransport of other ions or molecules. These may be transported in the same (symport) or opposite (antiport) direction. (12 Dec 1998) |
| orthograde transport | Axonal transport from the cell body of the neuron towards the synaptic terminal. Opposite of retrograde transport and probably dependent on a different mechanochemical protein (almost definitely kinesin) interacting with microtubules. (18 Nov 1997) |