| 영문 | Papanicolaou smear(test) | 한글 | 파파니콜로 도말검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 줄여서 팝도말검사(Pap smear)이라고 부른다. 여성의 자궁목암의 발생을 미리 알아보기 위해 시행하는 검사법으로 미국에서는 이 방법으로 현재 자궁목암발생에 의한 사망률을 현저히 낮추고 있다. 방법은 산부인과에서 시행하며, 여성의 자궁목에서 세포를 가져다가 도말하여 현미경으로 검사한다. 요즈음에 와서는 자궁목뿐 아니라 호흡기나 비뇨기 등 분비물을 도말하여 파파니콜로 염색을 하여 검사하는 것도 여기에 포함된다. (그림 P-3). |
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| 영문 | glucose tolerance test | 한글 | 포도당견딤검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 포도당견딤 검사란 당뇨병의 진단에 사용되는 검사로 당을 체내에 투여하고 시간 별로 혈액을 채취하여 혈당의 농도를 재어서 고혈당 여부를 조사하는 검사이다. 주로 경구포도당견딤검사(oral glucose tolerance test)를 많이 하는데 이것은 10~16시간의 금식 후에 채혈을 한번 한뒤에 도당 75g을 250~300mL의 물에 녹여 5분에 걸쳐서 마시게 하고 매시간 별로 채혈을 하여 혈당의 농도를 첵크한다. 공복시에 정맥에서 채혈하여 측정한 혈당이 140mg/dL이상이거나 포도당견딤 검사 2시간후의 혈당이 200mg/dL이상일 경우에는 당뇨병으로 진단을 한다. 그러나 이 검사를 실시할 경우에 주의해야 할 점은 검사전 3일간 하루에 150g이상의 탄수화물을 섭취해야 한다는 것과 검사도중에 운동, 흡연 등을 하지 않아야 한다는 것이다. |
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| 영문 | blood test | 한글 | 혈액검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액형이나 질병 유무 따위를 알기 위하여 피를 뽑아 행하는 검사. 몸 전체의 장기나 조직에 병터가 있으면 이들 성분에 변화가 있게 되어 진단에 큰 도움을 준다. |
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| LFT | latex fixation test; latex flocculation test; left fronto-transverse [fetal position]; liver functio... |
|---|---|
| LTT | lactose tolerance test; leucine tolerance test; limited treadmill test; lymphocyte transformation te... |
| SAT | saliva alcohol test; satellite; serum antitrypsin; single-agent chemotherapy; slide agglutination te... |
| SRT | sedimentation rate test; simple reaction time; sinus node recovery time; sitting root test; speech r... |
| ST | esotropia; scala tympani; scaphotrapezoid; sclerotherapy; sedimentation time; semitendinosus; sensor... |
| catalytic antibody | <chemistry> Antibody raised against a transition state analogue (e.g. A phosphate analogue of a carboxylic acid ester transition state) that can then catalyse the analogous chemical reaction, though not as effectively as a true enzyme. (16 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| Vi antibody | A form of antibody that agglutinates highly virulent strains of Salmonella typhi, i.e., cells with Vi antigen; such bacteria are not agglutinable with O antiserum until the Vi antigen is destroyed. See: Vi antigen. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cell-bound antibody | A term used for antibody on the surface of cells that may be bound either through antigen combining sites or other sites such as the Fc region. (05 Mar 2000) |
| CF antibody | Antibody that combines with and sensitises antigen leading to the activation of complement, which may result in cell lysis. Synonym: CF antibody, sensitizing substance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chimeric antibody | <immunology> An antibody that contains polypeptides from different species. (05 Jan 1998) |
| chimeric/humanised antibody | <immunology> Genetically engineered combination of a human and mouse antibody. Because a monoclonal antibody is always made with mice cells, it causes an immune response when injected into humans. By replacing the constant regions of a mouse antibody with those of a human antibody, an antibody that binds to an antigen like the original monoclonal antibody, but which is recognised by the human immune system like a human protein, can be manufactured. Alternatively, only those amino acids directly involved in antigen binding are transferred from the mouse antibody into the framework of the human antibody, with a similar result. (05 Jan 1998) |
| microsomal antibody | This special serologic test is used to measure thyroid anti-microsomal antibody in the bloodstream. This test can be performed from a simple venipuncture specimen. The anti-microsomal antibody or microsomal antibody test is used to diagnose conditions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and other autoimmune disorders. (27 Sep 1997) |
| warm antibody | <haematology, immunology> most IgG antibodies react better at 37쵣 than at lower temperatures, especially against red cell antigens. These are the warm antibodies as contrasted with cold agglutinins, especially IgM, that agglutinate below 28쵣. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Wassermann antibody | Antibody, evoked during syphilitic infections, that combines with cardiolipin in the presence of lecithin and cholesterol; it is distinct from the treponema-immobilizing antibody. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cold antibody | See: cold agglutinin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cold-reactive antibody | See: cold agglutinin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| monoclonal antibody | <immunology, molecular biology> A substance, usually a protein, which can be synthsised in the laboratory in pure form by a single clone (population) of cells. These antibodies can be made in large quantities and have a specific affinity for certain target molecules called antigens which can be found on the surface of cells and those that are malignant. Monoclonal antibodies are currently being investigated as a possible form of cancer treatment although their benefit has not be fully proven. (16 Dec 1997) |
| complement-fixing antibody | Antibody that combines with and sensitises antigen leading to the activation of complement, which may result in cell lysis. Synonym: CF antibody, sensitizing substance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| complete antibody | An antibody which causes agglutination of erythrocytes when they are suspended either in saline or in a protein medium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| polyclonal antibody | An antibody produced by several clones of B lymphocytes as would be the case in a whole animal. Usually refers to antibodies raised in immunised animals, whereas a monoclonal antibody is the product of a single clone of B lymphocytes, usually maintained in vitro. (18 Nov 1997) |