| ATF | activating transcription factor; anterior talofibular [ligament]; ascites tumor fluid |
|---|---|
| CTU | cardiac-thoracic unit; centigrade thermal unit; constitutive transcription unit |
| HSTF | heat shock transcription factor; human serum thymus factor |
| IRTU | integrating regulatory transcription unit |
| IVTT | in vitro transcription and translation |
| viral envelope proteins | Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. The outer layer consists of one or more types of morphological subunits called peplomers which project from the viral envelope; this layer always consists of glycoproteins. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| viral fusion proteins | Proteins, usually glycoproteins, found in the viral envelopes of a variety of viruses. They promote cell membrane fusion and thereby may function in the uptake of the virus by cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral matrix proteins | Proteins associated with the inner surface of the lipid bilayer of the viral envelope. These proteins have been implicated in control of viral transcription and may possibly serve as the "glue" that binds the nucleocapsid to the appropriate membrane site during viral budding from the host cell. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral nonstructural proteins | Viral proteins that are coded by nonstructural genes and usually have an unknown function. Some of these proteins may play structural roles within the infected cell during replication or act in virus regulation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral proteins | Proteins found in any species of virus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral regulatory proteins | Proteins which regulate the rate of transcription of viral structural genes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral structural proteins | Viral proteins that do not regulate transcription. They are coded by viral structural genes and include nucleocapsid core proteins (gag proteins), enzymes (pol proteins), and membrane components (env proteins). Transcription of viral structural genes is regulated by viral regulatory proteins. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral tail proteins | Proteins found in the tail sections of DNA and RNA viruses. It is believed that these proteins play a role in directing chain folding and assembly of polypeptide chains. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cell cycle proteins | Proteins that control the cell division cycle. This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including cyclin-dependent kinases, mitogen-activated kinases, cyclins, and phosphoprotein phosphatases (phosphoprotein phosphatase) as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and transcription factors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glue proteins, drosophila | Glycosylated proteins which are part of the salivary glue that drosophila larvae secrete as a means of fixing themselves to an external substrate for the duration of the pre-pupal and pupal period. The proteins which consist of at least eight polypeptides are encoded in the third larval instar by the sgs-3, sgs-4, sgs-7 and sgs-8 genes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| repressor proteins | Proteins which are normally bound to the operator locus of an operon, thereby preventing transcription of the structural genes. In enzyme induction, the substrate of the inducible enzyme binds to the repressor protein, causing its release from the operator and freeing the structural genes for transcription. In enzyme repression, the end product of the enzyme sequence binds to the free repressor protein, the resulting complex then binds to the operator and prevents transcription of the structural genes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cerebrospinal fluid proteins | Proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid, normally albumin and globulin present in the ratio of 8 to 1. Increases in protein levels are of diagnostic value in neurological diseases. (brain and bannister's clinical neurology, 7th ed, p221) (12 Dec 1998) |
| membrane proteins | Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retroviridae proteins | Proteins from the family retroviridae. The most frequently encountered member of this family is the rous sarcoma virus protein. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retroviridae proteins, oncogenic | Retroviral proteins that have the ability to transform cells. They can induce sarcomas, leukaemias, lymphomas, and mammary carcinomas. Not all retroviral proteins are oncogenic. (12 Dec 1998) |