| 영문 | TNM staging system | 한글 | 종양병기분류계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 종양의 병기(stage)를 결정하는 한 방법. T는 Tumor(종양)를 뜻하며 원발병터의 크기, 주위조직으로의 침윤정도 등에 따라 T1, T2, T3, T4(숫자가 높을 수록 주위로 침윤이 많다) 등으로 나눈다. N은 Node(림프절)를 뜻하며 침범된 림프절의 갯수, 크기, 위치 등에 따라 N1, N2, N3 등으로 나눈다. M은 Metastasis(전이)를 뜻하며 원격전이의 유무에 따라 M0, M1 등으로 나눈다. 이상의 방법으로 T, N, M이 결정되면 이들을 조합하여 최종적인 병기를 결정한다. 이렇게 결정된 병기는 치료 방침 결정과 예후 판단에 매우 중요하다. |
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| 영문 | central nervous system(CNS) | 한글 | 중추신경계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경계는 중추신경계와 말초신경계로 분류할 수가 있다. 중추신경계란 뇌와 척수로 구성되어 있는 신경계를 이르는 말이다. 말초신경계란 이 이외의 모든 신경계를 이르는 말이다. |
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| IMS | incurred in military service; Indian Medical Service; industrial methylated spirit; information mana... |
|---|---|
| IRIS | integrated risk information system; interleukin regulation of immune system; International Research ... |
| MHS | major histocompatibility system; malignant hyperthermia in swine; malignant hyperthermia syndrome; m... |
| MIMS | medical information management system; medical inventory management system |
| PDS | pain-dysfunction syndrome; paroxysmal depolarizing shift; patient data system; Patient-Doctor Societ... |
one and one-half syndrome
| central nervous system | <anatomy, neurology> Pertaining to the brain, cranial nerves and spinal cord. It does not include muscles or peripheral nerves. In invertebrates, the central nervous system is composed of the segmental ganglia of the ventral nerve cord together with the fused ganglia or brain at the anterior end. Acronym: CNS (12 Jan 1998) |
|---|---|
| central nervous system agents | A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms. They can be divided into "specific" agents, e.g., affecting an identifiable molecular mechanism unique to target cells bearing receptors for that agent, and "non-specific" agents, those producing effects on different target cells and acting by diverse molecular mechanisms. Those with non-specific mechanisms are generally further classed according to whether they produce behavioural depression or stimulation. Those with specific mechanisms are classed by locus of action or specific therapeutic use. (12 Dec 1998) |
| central nervous system depressants | A very loosely defined group of drugs that tend to reduce the activity of the central nervous system. The major groups included here are ethyl alcohol, anaesthetics, hypnotics and sedatives, narcotics, and tranquillising agents (antipsychotics and antianxiety agents). (12 Dec 1998) |
| central nervous system infections | Diseases of the central nervous sytem collectively, caused by pathogenic organisms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| central nervous system neoplasms | Neoplasms located in the brain, spinal cord, or meninges. (12 Dec 1998) |
| central nervous system stimulants | A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to increase behavioural alertness, agitation, or excitation. They work by a variety of mechanisms, but usually not by direct excitation of neurons. The many drugs that have such actions as side effects to their main therapeutic use are not included here. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycogen debranching enzyme system | 1,4-alpha-d-glucan-1,4-alpha-d-glucan 4-alpha-d-glucosyltransferase/dextrin 6 alpha-d-glucanohydrolase. An enzyme system having both 4-alpha-glucanotransferase (ec 2.4.1.25) and amylo-1,6-glucosidase (ec 3.2.1.33) activities. As a transferase it transfers a segment of a 1,4-alpha-d-glucan to a new 4-position in an acceptor, which may be glucose or another 1,4-alpha-d-glucan. As a glucosidase it catalyses the endohydrolysis of 1,6-alpha-d-glucoside linkages at points of branching in chains of 1,4-linked alpha-d-glucose residues. Amylo-1,6-glucosidase activity is deficient in glycogen storage disease type III. (12 Dec 1998) |
| respiratory system | The organs that are involved in breathing. These include the nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. (12 Dec 1998) |
| respiratory system abnormalities | Congenital structural abnormalities of the respiratory system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| respiratory system agents | Drugs used for their effects on the respiratory system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| reticular activating system | <physiology> A physiological term denoting that part of the brainstem reticular formation that plays a central role in the organism's bodily and behavorial alertness. It extends as a diffusely organised neural apparatus through the central region of the brainstem into the subthalamus and the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus; by its ascending connections it affects the function of the cerebral cortex in the sense of behavioural responsiveness; its descending (reticulospinal) connections transmit its activating influence upon bodily posture and reflex mechanisms (e.g., muscle tonus), in part by way of the gamma motor neurons. See: reticular formation. Synonym: non-specific system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reticuloendothelial system | The phagocytic system of the body, including the fixed macrophages of tissues, liver and spleen. Rather old fashioned term that is coming back into use, mononuclear phagocyte system is probably better when only phagocytes are meant. (18 Nov 1997) |
| cerebrospinal system | The combined central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| charge transfer system | A complex between two organic molecules in which an electron from one (the donor) is transferred to the other (the acceptor), becoming generally distributed throughout the latter; subsequent transfer of a hydrogen atom completes the reduction of the acceptor; such complex's are generally highly coloured and may be so observed, a network of hydrogen bridges at the catalytic centre of certain proteases. Synonym: charge transfer system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rh-hr blood-group system | Erythrocyte isoantigens of the rh (rhesus) blood group system, the most complex of all human blood groups, because the genes differ by determining a different number of the over thirty antigens thus far described and do so with remarkably different quality. The major antigen rh or d is the most common cause of erythroblastosis foetalis. (12 Dec 1998) |