| SLAM | scanning laser acoustic microscope; systemic lupus erythematosus activity measure |
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| SLIC | scanning liquid ionization chamber |
| SR | sarcoplasmic reticulum; saturation recovery; scanning radiometer; screen; secretion rate; sedimentat... |
| STEM | scanning transmission electron microscope; Society of Teachers of Emergency Medicine |
| STM | scanning tunneling microscope; short-term memory; streptomycin |
| microscopy, fluorescence | Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilises antibodies that are labelled with fluorescent dye. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| microscopy, immunoelectron | Microscopy in which the samples are first stained immunocytochemically and then examined using an electron microscope. Immunoelectron microscopy is used extensively in diagnostic virology as part of very sensitive immunoassays. (12 Dec 1998) |
| microscopy, interference | Microscopy in which physiological and photometric contrast in the image is influenced or produced by the action of optical components which regulate interference. (12 Dec 1998) |
| microscopy, phase-contrast | A form of interference microscopy in which variations of the refracting index in the object are converted into variations of intensity in the image. This is achieved by the action of a phase plate. (12 Dec 1998) |
| microscopy, polarization | Microscopy using polarised light in which phenomena due to the preferential orientation of optical properties with respect to the vibration plane of the polarised light are made visible and correlated parameters are made measurable. (12 Dec 1998) |
| microscopy, ultraviolet | Microscopy in which the image is formed by ultraviolet radiation and is displayed and recorded by means of photographic film. (12 Dec 1998) |
| microscopy, video | Microscopy in which television cameras are used to brighten magnified images that are otherwise too dark to be seen with the naked eye. It is used frequently in telepathology. (12 Dec 1998) |
| confocal microscopy | <procedure> A system of (usually) epifluorescence light microscopy in which a fine laser beam of light is scanned over the object through the objective lens. The technique is particularly good at rejecting light from outside the plane of focus and so produces higher effective resolution than is normally achieved. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Conventional Transmission Electron Microscopy | <technique> A term applied to 'normal' transmission electron microscopy imaging. The electron beam is passed through a thin film sample (typically ~1-200 nm thick). Bright field diffraction contrast images are formed with the direct (undiffracted) beam. Dark field images are formed with a selected diffracted beam. CTEM imaging is used in the general observation of samples and careful selection of the diffracting conditions of the sample will allow the analysis of defect structures within the sample. (05 Aug 1998) |
| polarization microscopy | <procedure> Any form of microscopy capable of detecting birefringent objects. Usually performed with a polarizing element below the stage to produce plane polarized light and an analyser that is set to give total extinction of the background and thus to detect any birefringence. (18 Nov 1997) |
| high extinction microscopy | <technique> Polarized-light, interference, fluorescence, and other modes of microscopy using polarization rectifiers and other devices to achieve a high degree of back- ground extinction in order to bring out the signal originating from a very small degree of birefringence, optical path difference, fluorescence etc. (05 Aug 1998) |
| holographic microscopy | <technique> A mode of light microscopy in which a highly coherent, laser beam is split into a reference and main beam, with the reference beam (usually travelling outside of the microscope) being made to interfere with the main beam that has passed through the specimen. The interference of the two mutually coherent beams forms a hologram. The depth of field gained by viewing the hologram is essentially infinitely great, and the contrast mode or observation can be switched to dark field, phase contrast, interference contrast, etc., after the hologram has been formed by the microscope in bright field. (05 Aug 1998) |
| nanovid microscopy | <procedure> Technique of bright field light microscopy using electronic contrast enhancement and maximum numerical aperture. (18 Nov 1997) |
| dark field microscopy | <procedure> A system of microscopy in which particles are illuminated at a very low angle from the side so that the background appears dark and the objects are seen by diffracted and reflected patches of light against a dark background. (18 Nov 1997) |
| immune electron microscopy | Electron microscopy of biological specimens to which specific antibody has been bound. (05 Mar 2000) |