| 영문 | digestive system | 한글 | 소화기계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 먹은 음식의 분해, 소화, 흡수에 관계된 장기를 통칭해서 부르는 말. |
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| 영문 | cardiovascular system | 한글 | 심장혈관계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신체의 혈액순환을 담당하는 기관. 즉 심장과 혈관을 통칭해서 이르는 말이다. |
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| 영문 | TNM staging system | 한글 | 종양병기분류계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 종양의 병기(stage)를 결정하는 한 방법. T는 Tumor(종양)를 뜻하며 원발병터의 크기, 주위조직으로의 침윤정도 등에 따라 T1, T2, T3, T4(숫자가 높을 수록 주위로 침윤이 많다) 등으로 나눈다. N은 Node(림프절)를 뜻하며 침범된 림프절의 갯수, 크기, 위치 등에 따라 N1, N2, N3 등으로 나눈다. M은 Metastasis(전이)를 뜻하며 원격전이의 유무에 따라 M0, M1 등으로 나눈다. 이상의 방법으로 T, N, M이 결정되면 이들을 조합하여 최종적인 병기를 결정한다. 이렇게 결정된 병기는 치료 방침 결정과 예후 판단에 매우 중요하다. |
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| CNV | choroidal neovascularization; contingent negative variation; cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis |
|---|---|
| HVUS | hypocomplementemic vasculitis urticaria syndrome |
| LCV | lecithovitellin; leukocytoclastic vasculitis |
| RV | random variable; rat virus; Rauscher virus; rectovaginal; reinforcement value; renal vein; residual ... |
| CS | calf serum; campomelic syndrome; carcinoid syndrome; cardiogenic shock; caries-susceptible; carotid ... |
| discoid lupus erythematosus | A form of lupus erythematosus in which cutaneous lesions are present; these commonly appear on the face and are atrophic plaques with erythema, hyperkeratosis, follicular plugging, and telangiectasia; in some instances systemic lupus erythematosis may develop. Synonym: chronic discoid lupus erythematosus. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| disseminated lupus erythematosus | <immunology, nephrology, rheumatology> A disease of humans, probably autoimmune with antinuclear and other antibodies in plasma. Immune complex deposition in the glomerular capillaries is a particular problem. Acronym: SLE (19 Jan 1998) |
| drug-induced lupus | <dermatology> An inflammatory autoimmune disorder, similar to lupus, that develops in response to the use of a particular medication. It is characterised by anti-histone antibodies. More benign than the usual disease, with less renal involvement. The syndrome clears after stopping the offending drug. Drugs that are known to cause this reaction include procainamide, isoniazid, sulphasalazine, hydralazine, methyldopa, phenytoin, chlorpromazine and penicillamine. The arthritis, cardiac, pulmonary and systemic features may be present, but the kidney involvement (nephritis) and neurologic disease are rare. Symptoms generally resolve spontaneously after stopping the medication. Complications include myocarditis, pericarditis, thrombocytopenic purpura and infections. (18 Jul 2002) |
| lupus | A systemic disease that results from an autoimmune mechanism. Individuals with lupus will produce antibodies to their own body tissues. The resultant inflammation can cause kidney damage, arthritis, pericarditis and vasculitis. (27 Sep 1997) |
| lupus anticoagulant | An immunoglobulin that interferes with blood coagulation and has antithromboplastin activity. This immunoglobulin can prolong blood clotting and occurs in approximately 25% of people with lupus. (27 Sep 1997) |
| lupus anticoagulants | Lupus anticoagulants are a common cause of a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) which is corrected by the addition of platelet -rich plasma (or phospholipids) and not by platelet-poor plasma. The methods of choice for detection of lupus anticoagulants are the kaolin clotting time using the rabbit brain neutralisation procedure and the dilute Russell viper venom test (dRVVT). Current data suggest that lupus anticoagulants and antibodies to negatively charged phospholipids (cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylinositol) are risk factors for arterial and venous thrombosis and for recurrent abortions in populations of patients which are distinct but overlapping. Drug-induced lupus anticoagulants are also associated with increased risk of thrombosis. Current testing for lupus anticoagulants and phospholipid antibodies (cardiolipin plus phosphatidylserine) may be useful for assessing risk in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Some data indicate that lupus anticoagulants assays are more reliable predictors of thrombosis, foetal loss and thrombocytopenia than are cardiolipin antibody (ACA) assays. Although the technology is in many ways more reliable, the rush to describe associations of lupus anticoagulants with various disorders has been much less scientifically unseemly than has been that of ACAs with their bewildering variety of clinical associations. The contribution of one serious study must, it seems, render tolerable the excess of trivia recently published in this area. See also cardiolipin antibodies and phospholipid antibodies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lupus band test | A direct immunofluorescent technique for demonstrating a band of immunoglobulins at the dermal-epidermal junction of the skin of patients with lupus erythematosus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lupus coagulation inhibitor | An antiphospholipid antibody found in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus erythematosus, systemic), antiphospholipid syndrome, and in a variety of other diseases as well as in healthy individuals. In vitro, the antibody interferes with the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin and prolongs the partial thromboplastin time. In vivo, it exerts a procoagulant effect resulting in thrombosis mainly in the larger veins and arteries. It further causes obstetrical complications, including foetal death and spontaneous abortion, as well as a variety of haematologic and neurologic complications. (12 Dec 1998) |
| lupus erythematodes | Skin disease in which there are red scaly patches, especially over the nose and cheeks. May be a symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus. (18 Nov 1997) |
| lupus erythematosus | Skin disease in which there are red scaly patches, especially over the nose and cheeks. May be a symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus. (18 Nov 1997) |
| lupus erythematosus cell | <pathology> Phagocyte that has ingested nuclear material of another cell: characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus. (18 Nov 1997) |
| lupus erythematosus cell test | <investigation> A test for lupus that measures the presence of autoantibodies against nuclear proteins in the blood. Performed on a normal venipuncture specimen, this test is positive in 70 to 80% of patients with lupus. Some patients with rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma and drug-induced lupus may also have a positive test result. (27 Sep 1997) |
| lupus erythematosus, cutaneous | A form of lupus erythematosus in which the skin may be the only organ involved or in which skin involvement precedes the spread into other body systems. It has been classified into three forms - acute (= lupus erythematosus, systemic with skin lesions), subacute, and chronic (= lupus erythematosus, discoid). (12 Dec 1998) |
| lupus erythematosus, discoid | A chronic form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (lupus erythematosus, cutaneous) in which the skin lesions mimic those of the systemic form but in which systemic signs are rare. It is characterised by the presence of discoid skin plaques showing varying degrees of oedema, erythema, scaliness, follicular plugging, and skin atrophy. Lesions are surrounded by an elevated erythematous border. The condition typically involves the face and scalp, but widespread dissemination may occur. (12 Dec 1998) |
| lupus erythematosus profundus | A subcutaneous panniculitis with marked lymphocyte infiltration of fat lobules giving rise to deep-seated, firm, rubbery nodules that sometimes become ulcerated, usually of the face; may occur in systemic and localised lupus erythematosus. Synonym: lupus profundus. (05 Mar 2000) |