| IHC | idiopathic hemochromatosis; idiopathic hypercalciuria; immunohistochemistry; inner hair cell; intrah... |
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| IHH | idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; idiopathic hypothalamic hypogonadism; infectious human hep... |
| IHP | idiopathic hypoparathyroidism; idiopathic hypopituitarism; individualized health plan; inositol hexa... |
| IIP | idiopathic interstitial pneumonia; idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction; increased intracranial ... |
| ILS | idiopathic leucine sensitivity; idiopathic lymphadenopathy syndrome; increase in life span; infrared... |
| idiopathic proctitis | Probably a variant of ulcerative colitis involving the rectum; some cases progress to involve the remainder of the colon as well. Synonym: chronic ulcerative proctitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | <radiology> Aka: usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), 5-6th decade; M:F = 1:1, clubbing of fingers (83%), lymphocytosis on lavage, increased occurence of bronchogenic CA, average survival of 4-6 years; 87% mortality CXR findings: occasional ground glass pattern in early stage of alveolitis, diffuse reticulations (60%) predominantly at bases, honeycombing, pleural effusion (4%); pleural thickening (6%), pneumothorax in 7% (late stage), progressive volume loss see: interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (12 Dec 1998) |
| idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis | <chest medicine> A rare, sporadic, fatal, mostly in children with an equal sex distribution. The condition also occurs in adults where there is a sex difference (M:F = 2:1). The patients present with recurrent attacks of pulmonary haemorrhage, acute phase: bat-wing alveolar infiltrates, clears rapidly, chronic findings: haemosiderosis, pulmonary fibrosis, cor pulmonale. (12 Dec 1998) |
| idiopathic pulmonary hypertension | <chest medicine> A condition where there is increased blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries with otherwise normal heart and lungs. The cause is unknown, but there is diffuse narrowing of the pulmonary arteries resulting in increased arteriolar pressures. Secondary heart failure ensues without correction of this problem. There is an increased incidence of this disease in females between the ages of 20 and 40 years. Treatment may include a heart and lung transplant in select cases. (27 Sep 1997) |
| idiopathic roseola | Roseola not occurring as a symptom of a recognised general disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura | <haematology> A rare autoimmune disorder characterised by an acute shortage of platelets with resultant bruising and spontaneous bleeding. The platelet count becomes exceedingly low and spontaneous bleeding from the gums, gastrointestinal tract and nose can be seen. Physical examination may demonstrate enlargement of the spleen. A typical rash occurs to do microscopic haemorrhage of small blood vessels in the skin. Platelet counts under 10,000 can lead to spontaneous haemorrhage into the brain causing death. Treatment with corticosteroids is generally effective. Surgical removal of the spleen (splenectomy) is reserved for some patients. Anti-platelet antibodies are detectable in some cases. It may present in either an acute or a chronic form. Acronym: ITP (20 Sep 2002) |
| idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura | <haematology> A rare autoimmune disorder characterised by an acute shortage of platelets with resultant bruising and spontaneous bleeding. The platelet count becomes exceedingly low and spontaneous bleeding from the gums, gastrointestinal tract and nose can be seen. Physical examination may demonstrate enlargement of the spleen. A typical rash occurs to do microscopic haemorrhage of small blood vessels in the skin. Platelet counts under 10,000 can lead to spontaneous haemorrhage into the brain causing death. Treatment with corticosteroids is generally effective. Surgical removal of the spleen (splenectomy) is reserved for some patients. Anti-platelet antibodies are detectable in some cases. It may present in either an acute or a chronic form. Acronym: ITP (20 Sep 2002) |
| dystonia, idiopathic torsion | A form of dystonia known as early-onset torsion dystonia (also called generalised torsion dystonia) begins in childhood around the age of 12. Symptoms typically start in one part of the body, usually in an arm or leg, and eventually spread to the rest of the body within about 5 years. Early-onset torsion dystonia is not fatal, but it can be severely debilitating. (12 Dec 1998) |
| t-lymphocytopenia, idiopathic CD4-positive | Reproducible depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes below 300 per cubic millimeter in the absence of HIV infection or other known causes of immunodeficiency. This is a rare, heterogeneous syndrome and does not appear to be caused by a transmissible agent. (12 Dec 1998) |
| jaundice, chronic idiopathic | A familial chronic form of nonhemolytic jaundice thought to be due to a defect in the excretion of conjugated bilirubin and certain other organic anions (e.g., sulfobromophthalein) by the liver. It is characterised by the presence of a brown, coarsely granular pigment in the hepatic cells, which is pathognomonic of the condition. (12 Dec 1998) |
| juvenile | Pertaining to youth or childhood, young or immature. (18 Nov 1997) |
| juvenile absence epilepsy | A generalised epilepsy syndrome with onset around puberty, characterised by absence seizures and generalised tonic-clonic seizures. EEG often shows a greater than 3 Hz generalised spike wave pattern. (05 Mar 2000) |
| juvenile angiofibroma | <oncology, tumour> A benign tumour of the posterior nasopharynx that is most common in adolescent boys. Symptoms repeated epistaxis, nasal congestion, nasal discharge and hearing loss. A skull X-ray or a CT scan of the head can confirm the presence of an angiofibroma. Treatment may include the surgical removal of the lesion if it is enlarging or blocking the airway. (27 Sep 1997) |
| juvenile arrhythmia | <cardiology, physiology> An increase in heart rate during inspiration. A normal physiologic response, more pronounced in children. (27 Sep 1997) |
| juvenile carcinoma | <tumour> Carcinoma of the breast with pale-staining cells showing prominent secretory activity, as seen in pregnancy and lactation, but found mostly in children. Synonym: juvenile carcinoma. (05 Mar 2000) |