| James Watson | <person> An American biochemist and alumnus of Indiana University born in 1928 who was one of three people to win the Nobel Prize in 1962 for the category of physiology or medicine. He and Francis Crick, an English biologist, discovered the double-stranded helix structure of the DNA molecule and built the Watson-Crick model of this structure. Their work was heavily based on the work of Maurice Wilkins (who also won the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1962) and Rosalind Franklin (who died before the 1962 Nobel Prize winners were selected). The model they postulated is the accepted model used today. Lived: 1928- (13 Nov 1997) |
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| James, William | <person> U.S. Psychologist, 1842-1910. See: James-Lange theory. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Tuttle, James | <person> U.S. Surgeon, 1857-1913. See: Tuttle's proctoscope. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ewing, James | <person> U.S. Pathologist, 1866-1943. See: Ewing's sarcoma, Ewing's tumour. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ewing, James H | <person> Pathologist, 1798-1827. See: Ewing's sign. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Joule, James | <person> British physicist, 1818-1889. See: joule, Joule's equivalent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Lind, James | <person> This Edinburgher was an apprentice to a surgeon,but entered the navy before getting his M.D., and remained for nine years. He left the service and received his degree from the University of Edinburgh. Lind became physician to the Haslar Naval Hospital near Portsmouth where he had 300 to 1,000 cases of scurvy under his care at all times (for 25 years). He published three important texts: Treatise of the Scurvy (1753), An Essay on the most Effectual means of Preserving the Health of Seamen in the Royal Navy (1757), and An Essay on the Diseases Incidental to Europeans in Hot Climates. The signs and symptoms of scurvy may be a pale and bloated skin, listlessness, an aversion to exercise, swollen gums, halitosis, anserine or "goose pimple" skin, ecchymosis, and oedema legs. This surgeon died in 1794, but that same year a squadron was at sea for 23 consecutive weeks without a single case of scurvy - this dreadful disease was never a problem following the pioneer attention of young Mr. James Lind. James Lind, the British naval surgeon, is spoken of as the Father of Nautical Medicine largely because of his accomplishment in preventing scurvy in the British navy by using limes. And this is the reason today that English sailors are called "Limies." Lived: 1716-1794. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Little, James | <person> U.S. Surgeon, 1836-1885. See: Little's area. (05 Mar 2000) |