| 영문 | TNM staging system | 한글 | 종양병기분류계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 종양의 병기(stage)를 결정하는 한 방법. T는 Tumor(종양)를 뜻하며 원발병터의 크기, 주위조직으로의 침윤정도 등에 따라 T1, T2, T3, T4(숫자가 높을 수록 주위로 침윤이 많다) 등으로 나눈다. N은 Node(림프절)를 뜻하며 침범된 림프절의 갯수, 크기, 위치 등에 따라 N1, N2, N3 등으로 나눈다. M은 Metastasis(전이)를 뜻하며 원격전이의 유무에 따라 M0, M1 등으로 나눈다. 이상의 방법으로 T, N, M이 결정되면 이들을 조합하여 최종적인 병기를 결정한다. 이렇게 결정된 병기는 치료 방침 결정과 예후 판단에 매우 중요하다. |
||
| 영문 | central nervous system(CNS) | 한글 | 중추신경계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경계는 중추신경계와 말초신경계로 분류할 수가 있다. 중추신경계란 뇌와 척수로 구성되어 있는 신경계를 이르는 말이다. 말초신경계란 이 이외의 모든 신경계를 이르는 말이다. |
||
| TR | recovery time; rectal temperature; repetition time; residual tuberculin; terminal repeat; tetrazoliu... |
|---|---|
| ADFS | alternative delivery and financing system |
| ADS | acute death syndrome; acute diarrheal syndrome; Alcohol Dependence Scale; alternative delivery syste... |
| CIDS | cellular immunity deficiency syndrome; circular intensity differential scattering; continuous insuli... |
| CTVDR | conformal treatment verification, delivery and recording [system] |
| middle transverse rectal fold | See: transverse rectal folds. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| superior rectal artery | <anatomy, artery> Origin, inferior mesenteric; distribution, upper part of rectum; anastomoses, middle and inferior rectal. As a tributary of the portal vein, its anastomosis with these arteries forms a portosystemic or portocaval anastomosis. Synonym: arteria rectalis superior, superior haemorrhoidal artery. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior rectal lymph nodes | Nodes of the inferior mesenteric group, located along the superior rectal artery. Synonym: nodi lymphatici rectales superiores. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior rectal plexus | The autonomic plexus derived as a continuation of the inferior mesenteric plexus that accompanies the superior rectal artery. Synonym: plexus rectalis superior, superior haemorrhoidal plexus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior rectal vein | <anatomy, vein> It drains the greater part of the rectal venous plexus, and ascends between the layers of the mesorectum to the brim of the pelvis, where it becomes the inferior mesenteric vein. As a tributary of the portal vein, it forms a portocaval anastomosis with the middle and inferior rectal veins (caval tributaries) via the rectal venous plexus. Synonym: vena rectalis superior. (05 Mar 2000) |
| digital rectal exam | An exam to detect rectal cancer. The doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum and feels for abnormal areas. It is also an important screening test for the detection of prostate abnormalities, including cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| incontinence, rectal | Inability to hold feces in the rectum due to failure of voluntary control over the anal sphincters with involuntary passage of feces and gas. Also called faecal incontinence. (12 Dec 1998) |
| inferior rectal artery | <anatomy, artery> Origin, internal pudendal; distribution, anal canal, muscles and skin of the anal region, and skin of the buttock; anastomoses, middle rectal, perineal, and gluteal. Synonym: arteria rectalis inferior, inferior haemorrhoidal artery. (05 Mar 2000) |
| inferior rectal nerves | Several branches of the pudendal nerve that pass to the external and sphincter anoderm and skin of the anal region. Synonym: nervi rectales inferiores, inferior haemorrhoidal nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| inferior rectal plexuses | The autonomic plexus's along the anus derived from the inferior hypogastric plexus. Synonym: plexus rectales inferiores, inferior haemorrhoidal plexuses. (05 Mar 2000) |
| inferior rectal veins | Veins that pass to the internal pudendal vein from the inferior rectal venous plexus around the anal canal. Synonym: venae rectales inferiores. (05 Mar 2000) |
| transverse rectal folds | The three or four crescentic folds placed horizontally in the rectal mucous membrane; the superior rectal fold is situated near the beginning of the rectum on the left side; the middle rectal fold (Nelaton's fold) is most prominent and consistent and projects from the right side about 8 cm above the anus (approximately the level of the floor of the rectouterine or rectovesical pouch); the inferior rectal fold is on the left side about 5 cm above the anus. Synonym: plicae transversales recti, Houston's folds, Houston's valves, Kohlrausch's valves, plicae recti, rectal folds, rectal valves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Kelly's rectal speculum | A tubular speculum with obturator for rectal examination. (05 Mar 2000) |
| absolute system of units | A system based on absolute units accepted as being fundamental (length, mass, time) and from which other units (force, energy or work, power) are derived; such system's in common use are the foot-pound-second, centimeter-gram-second, and meter-kilogram-second system's. (05 Mar 2000) |
| absorbent system | <anatomy> The tissues and organs (including the bone marrow, spleen, thymus and lymph nodes) that produce and store cells that fight infection and the network of vessels that carry lymph. (12 May 1997) |