| MD | Doctor of Medicine [Lat. Medicinae Doctor]; magnesium deficiency; main duct; maintenance dose; major... |
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| MH | malignant histiocytosis; malignant hyperpyrexia; malignant hypertension; malignant hyperthermia; mam... |
| MHI | malignant histiocytosis of intestine; Mental Health Index; Mental Health Inventory |
| MI | first meiotic metaphase; maturation index; medical illustrator; medical informatics; medical inspect... |
| MMR | mass miniature radiography; masseter muscle rigidity; maternal mortality rate; measles-mumps-rubella... |
| Sorensen scale | The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, used as a scale for expressing acidity and alkalinity. See: pH. Synonym: pH scale. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Stanford-Binet intelligence scale | A standardised test for the measurement of intelligence consisting of a series of questions, graded according to the intelligence of normal children at different ages, the answers to which indicate the mental age of the person tested; primarily used with children, but also contains norms for adults standardised against adult age levels rather than those of children, as formerly was the case. Synonym: Binet test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| digital gray scale | 1. Extent from side to side, or distance sidewise from a given point or line; breadth; width. "Provided the length do not exceed the latitude above one third part." (Sir H. Wotton) 2. Room; space; freedom from confinement or restraint; hence, looseness; laxity; independence. "In human actions there are no degrees and precise natural limits described, but a latitude is indulged." (Jer. Taylor) 3. Extent or breadth of signification, application, etc.; extent of deviation from a standard, as truth, style, etc. "No discreet man will believe Augustine's miracles, in the latitude of monkish relations." (Fuller) 4. Extent; size; amplitude; scope. "I pretend not to treat of them in their full latitude." (Locke) 5. <geography> Distance north or south of the equator, measured on a meridian. 6. <astronomy> The angular distance of a heavenly body from the ecliptic. Ascending latitude, Circle of latitude, Geographical latitude, etc. See Ascending. Circle, etc. High latitude, that part of the earth's surface near either pole, especially. That part within either the arctic or the antarctic circle. Low latitude, that part of the earth's surface which is near the equator. Origin: F. Latitude, L. Latitudo, fr. Latus broad, wide, for older stlatus; perh. Akin to E. Strew. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| interval scale | Like a temperature scale in centigrade or Fahrenheit units, a scale on which the intervals are equal but which has an arbitrary zero point; e.g., intelligence quotient values are values along an interval scale. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ordinal scale | A scale that is based on classification of persons or things into ordered qualitative categories, such as socioeconomic status. (05 Mar 2000) |
| test anxiety scale | A self-reporting test consisting of items concerning fear and worry about taking tests and physiological activity, such as heart rate, sweating, etc., before, during, and after tests. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Fahrenheit scale | A thermometer scale in which the freezing point of water is 32캟 and the boiling point of water 212캟; 0캟 indicates the lowest temperature Fahrenheit could obtain by a mixture of ice and salt in 1724; 캜 = (5/9)(캟 -32). (05 Mar 2000) |
| Karnofsky scale | A performance scale for rating a person's usual activities; used to evaluate a patient's progress after a therapeutic procedure. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Udden-Wentworth scale | <plant biology> A geometric scale of grain sizes which classifies particles of siliciclastic sediment from 4096 millimetres (boulders) in size down to 0.00006 millimetres (clay). This scale is almost universally accepted by modern sedimentologists (a type of geologist). It was first proposed in 1898 by Udden and then modified and extended in 1922 by Wentworth. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Kelvin scale | Temperature scale in which the triple point of water is assigned the value of 273.16 K; 캜 = K -273.15. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Zubrod scale | A 5-point scale similar to the 10-point Karnofsky scale; both measure the performance status of a patient's ambulatory nature, from normal activity to total dependence on others for care. See: Karnofsky scale. (05 Mar 2000) |
| French scale | A scale for grading sizes of sounds, tubules, and catheters as based on a measurement of 1/3 mm and equaling 1 fr on the scale (e.g., 3 fr = 1 mm); grading to scale is carried out using a metal plate with holes ranging from 1/3 mm to 1 cm in diameter. Synonym: Charriere scale. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leiter International Performance Scale | A nonverbal (performance) test for measuring intelligence which contains norms for each age between 2 and 18; originally developed as a method of assessing the comparative intellectual abilities of Caucasian, Chinese, and Japanese children, but now occasionally used for assessing slow learners and those who are blind, deaf, or verbally handicapped. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Likert scale | A method of measuring attitudes that asks respondents to indicate their degree of agreement or disagreement with statements, according to a three-or five-point scoring system, e.g., "strongly agree" "no opinion" or "strongly disagree." (05 Mar 2000) |
| adducted thumbs with mental reatardation | A syndrome with the following characteristic features: (1) neurologically:mental retardation and aphasia (lack of speech); (2) limbs: adducted (clasped) thumbs, absent extensor pollicis longus and/or brevis muscles to the thumb, shuffling gait, and leg spasticity; (3) growth: small body size; (4) skeleton: lumbar lordosis (sway back). The syndrome is inherited as an X-linked trait and so affects mainly boys. Alternative names include MASA syndrome ( MASA stands for mental retardation, aphasia, shuffling gait, and adducted thumbs), clasped thumb and mental retardation, congenital clasped thumb with mental retardation, and the Gareis-Mason syndrome. (12 Dec 1998) |