| Clostridium colinum | A species causing ulcerative enteritis in quail and chickens. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| clostridium difficile | A bacterium, one of the most common causes of infection of the large bowel (colon) in the U.S. Affecting millions of people yearly. Patients taking antibiotics are at risk of becoming infected with C. Difficile.Antibiotics disrupt the normal bacteria of the bowel, allowing C. Difficile bacteria to become established in the colon. Many persons infected with C. Difficile bacteria have no symptoms. These people become carriers of the bacteria and can infect others. In other people, a toxin produced by C. Difficile causes diarrhoea, abdominal pain, severe inflammation of the colon (colitis), fever, an elevated white blood count, vomiting and dehydration. In severely affected patients, the inner lining of the colon becomes severely inflamed (a condition called pseudomembranous colitis). Rarely, the walls of the colon wear away and holes develop (colon perforation), which can lead to a life-threatening infection of the abdomen. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Clostridium fallax | A species found in war wounds, appendicitis, and black leg of sheep; it produces a weak exotoxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium haemolyticum | A species found in cattle dying of icterohemoglobinuria; it is pathogenic and toxic for guinea pigs and rabbits and produces an unstable, haemolytic toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium histolyticum | A species found in war wounds, where it induces necrosis of tissue; it produces a cytolytic exotoxin that causes local necrosis and sloughing on injection; it is not toxic on feeding; it is pathogenic for small laboratory animals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium histolyticum collagenase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of collagen, preferentially at peptide bonds on the amino side of a glycylprolyl sequence. Synonym: clostridiopeptidase A, collagenase A, collagenase I. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium histolyticum proteinase B | A cysteine proteinase cleaving preferentially at the carboxyl side of arginyl and lysyl residues. It also has an esterase activity. Synonym: clostridiopeptidase B, Clostridium histolyticum proteinase B. (05 Mar 2000) |
| clostridium infections | Infections with bacteria of the genus clostridium. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Clostridium innominatum | A species found in septic and gangrenous war wounds. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium microsporum | A species found in the abdominal contents of a fatal case of peritonitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium multifermentans | A species found in a human muscle infected with gas gangrene; also found in fermented olives and spoiled chocolate candy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium nigrificans | Former name for Desulfotomaculum nigrificans. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium novyi | A species consisting of three types, A, B, and C; type A, from a case of gaseous gangrene and from human necrotic hepatitis, produces gamma-toxin (a haemolytic lecithinase); B, from black disease (infectious necrotic hepatitis) of sheep, produces beta-toxin (a haemolytic lecithinase); and C, found in bacillary osteomyelitis of water buffaloes, does not produce toxin. Synonym: Clostridium oedematiens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium oedematiens | A species consisting of three types, A, B, and C; type A, from a case of gaseous gangrene and from human necrotic hepatitis, produces gamma-toxin (a haemolytic lecithinase); B, from black disease (infectious necrotic hepatitis) of sheep, produces beta-toxin (a haemolytic lecithinase); and C, found in bacillary osteomyelitis of water buffaloes, does not produce toxin. Synonym: Clostridium oedematiens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Clostridium parabotulinum | A species containing organisms formerly referred to as Clostridium botulinum types A and B; the types are identified by protection tests with known type antitoxin; it produces a powerful exotoxin and is pathogenic for man and other animals. (05 Mar 2000) |