| 영문 | blood test | 한글 | 혈액검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액형이나 질병 유무 따위를 알기 위하여 피를 뽑아 행하는 검사. 몸 전체의 장기나 조직에 병터가 있으면 이들 성분에 변화가 있게 되어 진단에 큰 도움을 준다. |
||
| 영문 | blood-brain barrier | 한글 | 혈액뇌장벽 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액으로부터 뇌로는 지질용해성이 높은 약물밖에 이행되지 않는다. 수용성의 약물을 뇌로 이행되지 않게 하고 있는 것이 혈액뇌장벽이며 뇌의 모세혈관 내피세포, 모세혈관 주위의 세포가 장벽이 되고 있다. 물질교환은 수동확산에 의해 이루어지지만, 뇌의 생리적 활동에 필요한 물질은 이온형이라도 담체를 통해 이행된다. |
||
| 영문 | blood volume | 한글 | 혈액량 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 체내에 존재하는 혈액의 총량으로서, 보통 리터 또는 체중 1kg에 대하여 리터수로 표시한다. |
||
| 영문 | blood urea nitrogen | 한글 | 혈액요소질소 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 요소는 아미노산의 탈아미노에 의해 생긴 암노니아와 탄산가스로부터 간에서 합성된다. 혈중에서는 혈장과 혈구의 물성분 안에 함유되어 있다. 혈액요소질소는 콩팥토리에서 여과되며 일부 요세관에서 재흡수되고, 나머지가 오줌중에 배설된다. 따라서 혈액요소질소는 콩팥기능의 저하에 따라 증가되지만, 식사단백질 섭취량, 조직붕괴, 위장관 출혈 등과 탈수 등 순환혈액량의 이상으로 변동된다. |
||
| 영문 | blood product | 한글 | 혈액제제 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 1. 사람의 혈액을 성분별로 분리하여, 그것을 원료로 제조한 의약품. 악성 종양 따위에 수혈하는 적혈구, 백혈병-자색반병의 출혈을 멎게하는 혈소판, 화상의 치료에 쓰는 혈장, 산후 출혈을 멎게 하는 섬유소원 따위가 있다. 2. 사람의 혈액형을 검사하는데 쓰는 약. |
||
| CBL | circulating blood lymphocytes; chronic blood loss; cord blood leukocytes |
|---|---|
| DRBC | denaturated red blood cell; dog red blood cell; donkey red blood cell |
| EHBF | estimated hepatic blood flow; exercise hyperemia blood flow; extrahepatic blood flow |
| MBF | medullary blood flow; muscle blood flow; myocardial blood flow |
| NRBC | National Rare Blood Club; normal red blood cell; nucleated red blood cell |
| positive-negative pressure breathing | Inflation of the lungs with positive pressure and deflation with negative pressure by an automatic ventilator. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| positive-pressure respiration | A method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, thus reducing the shunting of blood through the lungs and improving gas exchange. (12 Dec 1998) |
| positive-pressure respiration, intrinsic | Non-therapeutic positive end-expiratory pressure occurring frequently in patients with severe airway obstruction. It can appear with or without the administration of external positive end-expiratory pressure (positive-pressure respiration). It presents an important load on the inspiratory muscles which are operating at a mechanical disadvantage due to hyperinflation. Auto-peep may cause profound hypotension that should be treated by intravascular volume expansion, increasing the time for expiration, and/or changing from assist mode to intermittent mandatory ventilation mode. (12 Dec 1998) |
| critical pressure | The minimum pressure required to liquefy a gas at the critical temperature. (05 Mar 2000) |
| postoperative pressure alopecia | Loss of hair over a circumscribed area usually on the posterior scalp, resulting from continuous pressure on the occiput in a lengthy operative procedure, or unconsciousness following a drug overdose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pressure | 1. The act of pressing, or the condition of being pressed; compression; a squeezing; a crushing; as, a pressure of the hand. 2. A contrasting force or impulse of any kind; as, the pressure of poverty; the pressure of taxes; the pressure of motives on the mind; the pressure of civilization. "Where the pressure of danger was not felt." (Macaulay) 3. Affliction; distress; grievance. "My people's pressures are grievous." (Eikon Basilike) "In the midst of his great troubles and pressures." (Atterbury) 4. Urgency; as, the pressure of business. 5. Impression; stamp; character impressed. "All saws of books, all forms, all pressures past." (Shak) 6. <mechanics> The action of a force against some obstacle or opposing force; a force in the nature of a thrust, distributed over a surface, often estimated with reference to the upon a unit's area. Atmospheric pressure, Center of pressure, etc. See Atmospheric, Center, etc. <engineering> Back pressure, pressure which resists the motion of the piston, as the pressure of exhaust steam which does not find free outlet. Fluid pressure, pressure like that exerted by a fluid. It is a thrust which is normal and equally intense in all directions around a point. Pressure gauge, a gauge for indicating fluid pressure; a manometer. Origin: OF, fr. L. Pressura, fr. Premere. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| pressure alopecia | Loss of hair over a circumscribed area usually on the posterior scalp, resulting from the continuous pressure on the occiput in a lengthy operative procedure, or unconsciousness following a drug overdose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pressure amaurosis | A loss of vision occurring a few seconds after intraocular pressure exceeds systolic pressure of retinal arteries. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pressure anaesthesia | Loss of sensation produced by pressure applied to a nerve. Synonym: compression anaesthesia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pressure atrophy | The wasting of hard or soft tissue resulting from excessive pressure applied to tissue by a denture base. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pressure collapse | Pulmonary collapse due to external compression of the lung, as by a pleural effusion or pneumothorax. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pressure-controlled respirator | A respirator that provides a predetermined pressure to gases during inhalation, the volume of gas moved being variable, depending upon resistance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pressure dressing | A dressing by which pressure is exerted on the area covered to prevent the collection of fluids in the underlying tissues; most commonly used after skin grafting and in the treatment of burns. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pressure epiphysis | A secondary centre of ossification in the articular end of a long bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pressure gangrene | <dermatology> A chronic ulcer that appears in pressure areas in debilitated patients confined to bed or otherwise immobilised, due to a circulatory defect from the enhanced tissue pressure in high-contact areas, often occurring over a bony prominence (for example sacral decubitus). (27 Sep 1997) |