| CREM | center for rural emergency medicine; cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element modulator |
|---|---|
| 3DFEM | three-dimensional finite element method |
| DIMSE | DICOM message service element |
| DRES | dynamic random element stimuli |
| FEM | female; femur, femoral; finite element method |
| noble element | A metal that cannot be oxidised by heat alone, nor readily dissolved by acid; e.g., gold, platinum. Synonym: noble element. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| dyad symmetry element | Dyad symmetry element bound by serum response factor to control the expression of c fos. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Is element | Mobile nucleotide sequences that occur naturally in the genomes of bacterial populations. When inserted into bacterial DNA, they inactivate the gene concerned, when they are removed the gene regains its activity. Closely related to transposons and range in size from a few hundred to a few thousand bases, but are usually less than 1500 bases. (18 Nov 1997) |
| electronegative element | An element whose atoms have a tendency to accept electrons and form negative ions (e.g., oxygen, sulfur, chlorine, etc.). (05 Mar 2000) |
| electropositive element | <chemistry> An element whose atoms have a tendency to lose electrons and form positive ions (e.g., sodium). (05 Mar 2000) |
| element | <chemistry> One of the 103 known chemical substances that cannot be divided into simpler substances by chemical means. A substance whose atoms all have the same atomic number. Examples: hydrogen, lead, uranium.(See atom, matter, nuclide.) (16 Dec 1997) |
| transitional element | <cell biology> Region at the boundary of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi. Transport vesicles are responsible for the transfer of secretory proteins from this part of the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi system. (18 Nov 1997) |
| enhancer element | <molecular biology> A DNA sequence, present in the genomes of higher eukaryotes and of various animal viruses, which can increase the transcription of genes into messenger RNA. These control element frequently found 5' to the start site of a gene, when bound by a specific transcription factor, enhance the levels of expression of the gene, but are not sufficient alone to cause expression. Distinguished from a promoter, that is alone sufficient to cause expression of the gene when bound, in practice, the two terms merge. Enhancers usually can function in either orientation and at various distances from a promoter. Compare: promoter. (03 Jul 1999) |
| transposable element | <molecular biology> Small, mobile DNA sequences that can replicate and insert copies at random sites within chromosomes. They have nearly identical sequences at each end, oppositely oriented (inverted) repeats and code for the enzyme, transposase, that catalyses their insertion. Bacteria have two types of transposon, simple transposons that have only the genes needed for insertion and complex transposons that contain genes in addition to those needed for insertion. Eukaryotes contain two classes of mobile genetic elements, the first are like bacterial transposons in that DNA sequences move directly. The second class (retrotransposons) move by producing RNA that is transcribed, by reverse transcriptase, into DNA which is then inserted at a new site. (13 Nov 1997) |
| extrachromosomal element | Any heritable element not associated with the chromosome. It is usually a plasmid or the DNA of organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. (18 Nov 1997) |
| biological | Pertaining to biology. (18 Nov 1997) |
| biological agent | <microbiology> A disease-causing microorganism or virus, or other toxic biological matter, which is used as a weapon during war. (21 Mar 1998) |
| biological assay | <technique> Once a pharmaceutical protein is isolated from the cells in which it was grown, researchers perform tests to measure the protein's biological activity. It must maintain a certain minimal level of biological activity to be used for animal or clinical testing or, later, for market. Researchers also test to confirm that the isolated protein is identical to the desired protein. (21 Mar 1998) |
| biological assessment | A specific process required as part of an environmental assessment. An evaluation of potential effects of a proposed project on proposed, endangered, threatened, and sensitive animal and plant species and their habitats. (05 Dec 1998) |
| biological availability | The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action. (12 Dec 1998) |