| AALAS | American Association of Laboratory Animal Science |
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| ACP | accessory conduction pathway; acid phosphatase; acyl carrier protein; American College of Pathologis... |
| AMC | academic medical center; acetylmethyl carbinol; Animal Medical Center; antibody-mediated cytotoxicit... |
| APF | acidulated phosphofluoride; American Psychological Foundation; anabolism-promoting factor; animal pr... |
| APG | acid-precipitated globulin; ambulatory patient group; animal pituitary gonadotropin; antegrade pyelo... |
| iron sorbitol | A complex of iron, sorbitol, and citric acid in stable solution for intramuscular administration in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in patients who are unable to take sufficient amounts of iron by the oral route. Synonym: iron sorbitol. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| iron-storage disease | The storage of excess iron in the parenchyma of many organs, as in idiopathic haemochromatosis or transfusion haemosiderosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iron-storage protein | <chemical> Soluble iron storage protein from e coli; different from ferritin and haemosiderin (05 Dec 1998) |
| iron succinyl milk protein complex | <chemical> Soluble iron complex with 5% iron content produced by reacting succinylated milk protein and ferric chloride Synonym: iron succinyl protein complex, itf 282, itf-282 (05 Dec 1998) |
| iron sulfate | A soluble iron salt frequently used as an iron supplement in tablets and liquid preparations. Synonym: ferrous sulfate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iron-sulfur proteins | A group of proteins possessing only the iron-sulfur complex as the prosthetic group. These proteins participate in all major pathways of electron transport: photosynthesis, respiration, hydroxylation and bacterial hydrogen and nitrogen fixation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| total iron binding capacity | <biochemistry, haematology> A test that measures indirectly the transferrin level in the bloodstream. Transferrin is a protein that carries iron in the body. Normal values are 240 to 450 mcg/dl. This test is used to evaluate anaemia. Greater than normal total iron binding capacity can be seen in: iron deficiency anaemia, late pregnancy and polycythaemia vera. Lower than normal total iron binding capacity can be seen in cirrhosis, sickle cell anaemia, hypoproteinaemia, pernicious anaemia and haemolytic anaemia. The use of birth control pills can lead to increased total iron binding capacity measurements. Acronym: TIBC (12 Jan 1998) |
| ferric citrate iron reductase | <enzyme> Requires fmn, uses NADH; fre1 and fre2 provide membrane-associated ferric reductase activity for saccharomyces cerevisiae Registry number: EC 1.6.99.- Synonym: ferric iron reductase, iron reductase, ferric reductase, NADH-dependent, ferrireductase, iron (iii) reductase, ferric reductase, fre1 gene product, fre2 gene product, ferric-chelate reductase, NADH-dependent ferric-chelate reductase, NADH-dependent iron(iii)-chelate reductase, fecitr, NADH-fe(iii)-chelate reductase, nfr enzyme (26 Jun 1999) |
| Lillie's ferrous iron stain | <technique> A method using potassium ferrocyanide in acetic acid which demonstrates melanins as a deep green colour; lipofuscins and haem pigments are unreactive. (05 Mar 2000) |
| animal | 1. An organised living being endowed with sensation and the power of voluntary motion, and also characterised by taking its food into an internal cavity or stomach for digestion; by giving carbonic acid to the air and taking oxygen in the process of respiration; and by increasing in motive power or active aggressive force with progress to maturity. 2. One of the lower animals; a brute or beast, as distinguished from man; as, men and animals. Origin: L, fr. Anima breath, soul: cf. F. Animal. See Animate. 1. Of or relating to animals; as, animal functions. 2. Pertaining to the merely sentient part of a creature, as distinguished from the intellectual, rational, or spiritual part; as, the animal passions or appetites. 3. Consisting of the flesh of animals; as, animal food. Animal magnetism. See Magnetism and Mesmerism. Animal electricity, the electricity developed in some animals, as the electric eel, torpedo, etc. <physiology> Animal flower, the heat generated in the body of a living animal, by means of which the animal is kept at nearly a uniform temperature. Animal spirits. See Spirit. Animal kingdom, the whole class of beings endowed with animal life. It embraces several subkingdoms, and under these there are Classes, Orders, Families, Genera, Species, and sometimes intermediate groupings, all in regular subordination, but variously arranged by different writers. The following are the grand divisions, or subkingdoms, and the principal classes under them, generally recognised at the present time: - Vertebrata, including Mammalia or Mammals, Aves or Birds, Reptilia, Amphibia, Pisces or Fishes, Marsipobranchiata (Craniota); and Leptocardia (Acrania). Tunicata, including the Thaliacea, and Ascidioidea or Ascidians. Articulata or Annulosa, including Insecta, Myriapoda, Malacapoda, Arachnida, Pycnogonida, Merostomata, Crustacea (Arthropoda); and Annelida, Gehyrea (Anarthropoda). Helminthes or Vermes, including Rotifera, Chaetognatha, Nematoidea, Acanthocephala, Nemertina, Turbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoidea, Mesozea. Molluscoidea, including Brachiopoda and Bryozoa. Mollusca, including Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, Pteropoda, Scaphopoda, Lamellibranchiata or Acephala. Echinodermata, including Holothurioidea, Echinoidea, Asterioidea, Ophiuroidea, and Crinoidea. Coelenterata, including Anthozoa or Polyps, Ctenophora, and Hydrozoa or Acalephs. Spongiozoa or Porifera, including the sponges. Protozoa, including Infusoria and Rhizopoda. For definitions, see these names in the Vocabulary. Origin: Cf. F. Animal. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| animal black | Charcoal produced by incomplete combustion of animal tissues, especially bone. Synonym: animal black, bone black, bone charcoal. (05 Mar 2000) |
| animal cell culture | <cell culture> Mammalian cells are fragile and harder to grow than other cell types, but their large-scale culturing is an economic boon because it allows for the production of proteins that are otherwise difficult or expensive or unethical to extract from living organisms. The cells are immobilised on a substrate and then perfused with culture medium, The cells are in a free suspension which is very gently mixed and aerated. (12 Nov 1997) |
| animal cell immobilisation | <cell culture> Animal cells are widely used in biotechnology to produce genetically engineered proteins. However, they are more fragile than bacterial cells, and immobilising the cell facilitates the fermentation process. Many animal cells stick down flat on a suitable surface, hugging it as they would hug other cells or connective matrices in the body. If grown on suitable plastic surfaces, on glass or many ceramics, these cells will stick to them. In this way, they are easier to grow. (14 Nov 1997) |
| animal charcoal | Charcoal produced by incomplete combustion of animal tissues, especially bone. Synonym: animal black, bone black, bone charcoal. (05 Mar 2000) |
| animal communication | Communication between animals involving the giving off by one individual of some chemical or physical signal, that, on being received by another, influences its behaviour. (12 Dec 1998) |