| 영문 | TNM staging system | 한글 | 종양병기분류계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 종양의 병기(stage)를 결정하는 한 방법. T는 Tumor(종양)를 뜻하며 원발병터의 크기, 주위조직으로의 침윤정도 등에 따라 T1, T2, T3, T4(숫자가 높을 수록 주위로 침윤이 많다) 등으로 나눈다. N은 Node(림프절)를 뜻하며 침범된 림프절의 갯수, 크기, 위치 등에 따라 N1, N2, N3 등으로 나눈다. M은 Metastasis(전이)를 뜻하며 원격전이의 유무에 따라 M0, M1 등으로 나눈다. 이상의 방법으로 T, N, M이 결정되면 이들을 조합하여 최종적인 병기를 결정한다. 이렇게 결정된 병기는 치료 방침 결정과 예후 판단에 매우 중요하다. |
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| 영문 | central nervous system(CNS) | 한글 | 중추신경계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경계는 중추신경계와 말초신경계로 분류할 수가 있다. 중추신경계란 뇌와 척수로 구성되어 있는 신경계를 이르는 말이다. 말초신경계란 이 이외의 모든 신경계를 이르는 말이다. |
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| HD | Haab-Dimmer [syndrome]; Hajna-Damon [broth]; Hansen disease; hearing distance; heart disease; helix ... |
|---|---|
| HEP | hemolysis end point; hepatoerythropoietic porphyria; high egg passage [virus]; high-energy phosphate... |
| HFD | hemorrhagic fever of deer; high-fiber diet; high forceps delivery; hospital field director; human fa... |
| HFHV | high frequency, high volume |
| HFO | high-frequency oscillator; high-frequency oscillatory [ventilation] |
| self-control | 1. Self-regulation of one's behaviour in accordance with personal beliefs, goals, attitudes and societal expectations. 2. Use by an individual of active coping strategies to deal with problem situations, in contrast to passive conditioning strategies which do things to the individual and require no action by the person. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| social control | The influence on the behaviour of a person exerted by other persons or by society as a whole; e.g., through appropriate social norms, ostracism, or the criminal law. (05 Mar 2000) |
| social control, formal | Control which is exerted by the more stable organizations of society, such as established institutions and the law. They are ordinarily embodied in definite codes, usually written. (12 Dec 1998) |
| social control, informal | Those forms of control which are exerted in less concrete and tangible ways, as through folkways, mores, conventions, and public sentiment. (12 Dec 1998) |
| social control policies | Decisions for determining and guiding present and future objectives from among alternatives. (12 Dec 1998) |
| negative control | Regulation of an enzyme activity by an inhibitor of that enzyme or regulation of a protein by repression of transcription. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stimulus control | The use of conditioning techniques to bring the target behaviour of an individual under environmental control. See: classical conditioning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| delusion of control | Delusion of being controlled, a delusion in which one experiences one's feelings, impulses, thoughts, or actions as not one's own, but as being imposed on by some external force. Synonym: delusion of passivity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| synergic control | Impulses transmitted from the cerebellum regulating the muscular activity of the synergic units of the body. (05 Mar 2000) |
| drug and narcotic control | Control of drug and narcotic use by international agreement, or by institutional systems for handling prescribed drugs. This includes regulations concerned with the manufacturing, dispensing, approval (drug approval), and marketing of drugs. (12 Dec 1998) |
| idiodynamic control | Nervous impulses from the medulla that preserve the normal trophic condition of the muscles. (05 Mar 2000) |
| impulse control disorder | A class of mental disorder's characterised by an individual's failure to resist an impulse to perform some act harmful to himself or to others; includes pathological gambling, pedophilia, kleptomania, pyromania, trichotillomania, intermittent and isolated explosive disorder's. (05 Mar 2000) |
| impulse control disorders | Disorders whose essential features are the failure to resist an impulse, drive, or temptation to perform an act that is harmful to the individual or to others. Individuals experience an increased sense of tension prior to the act and pleasure, gratification or release of tension at the time of committing the act. (12 Dec 1998) |
| impurity control | <radiobiology> Processes which reduce or control the level of impurities in a plasma, and thereby improve its quality. See: wall conditioning. (09 Oct 1997) |
| quality control | In biotechnology, quality control is essential to ensure purified protein pharmaceuticals are indeed pure and that they are intact and maintain their biological activity. (14 Nov 1997) |