| 영문 | Electric convulsive therapy(ECT) | 한글 | 전기경련요법 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌에 전기 자극을 주어 인위적으로 경련을 유발함으로써 정신 병을 치료하는 방법. 전기쇼크요법(electroshock therapy)이라고도 한다. 1938년에 이탈리아의 체를레티와 비니에 의해 시작되었다. 작용기전은 확실치 않으나 뇌의 신진대사, 생화학 및 효소 등에 변화를 일으킨다는 생물학적, 생화학적 학설이 유력하다. 적응증으로 가장 효과적인 병은 우울증으로 특히 여성에서 갱년기에 호발하는 갱년기 우울증, 우울증과 조증(아주 기분이 좋은 상태가 지속되는 정신병)이 일정한 주기를 두고 반복하는 조울증에 잘 쓰이며, 80~90%에서 효과가 있다. |
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| viral hepatitis vaccines | Any vaccine raised against any virus or viral derivative that causes hepatitis. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| viral infection | The successful invasion, establishment and growth of viruses in the tissues of the host. (27 Sep 1997) |
| viral interference | A phenomenon in which infection by a first virus results in resistance of cells or tissues to infection by a second, unrelated virus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral load | The number of viral particles (usually HIV) in a sample of blood plasma. HIV viral load is increasingly employed as a surrogate marker for disease progression. It is measured by PCR and bDNA tests and is expressed in number of HIV copies or equivalents per millilitre. (09 Oct 1997) |
| viral matrix proteins | Proteins associated with the inner surface of the lipid bilayer of the viral envelope. These proteins have been implicated in control of viral transcription and may possibly serve as the "glue" that binds the nucleocapsid to the appropriate membrane site during viral budding from the host cell. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral meningitis | <pathology> A viral form of infection that is seen most often in those under 30 years of age. Peak time for infection is in late summer. Majority of cases are caused by the Coxsackie and echovirus. (27 Sep 1997) |
| viral myocarditis | <cardiology, virology> Inflammation of the heart muscle that is caused by an infection with a virus. Coxsackie B is most common in the U.S.A., but Coxsackie A, influenza, rubeola, rubella, Adenovirus, HIV and echovirus can all cause myocarditis. (27 Sep 1997) |
| viral nonstructural proteins | Viral proteins that are coded by nonstructural genes and usually have an unknown function. Some of these proteins may play structural roles within the infected cell during replication or act in virus regulation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral oncogene | <molecular biology> A viral gene that contributes to cancer development in vertebrate hosts. (09 Oct 1997) |
| viral pericarditis | Pericarditis due to a viral infection. (05 Mar 2000) |
| viral physiology | Biological processes and activities of viruses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral pneumonia | <radiology> Common agents: RSV, parainfluenza, adenovirus, influenza (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral probe | A nucleic acid fragment, labelled by a radioisotope, biotin, etc., that is complementary to a sequence in another nucleic acid (fragment) and that will, by hydrogen binding to the latter, locate or identify it and be detected; a diagnostic technique based on the fact that every species of microbe possesses some unique nucleic acid sequences which differentiate it from all others, and thus can be used as identifying markers or "fingerprints." (05 Mar 2000) |
| viral proteins | Proteins found in any species of virus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral regulatory proteins | Proteins which regulate the rate of transcription of viral structural genes. (12 Dec 1998) |