| Trypanosoma melophagium | A nonpathogenic species (related to Trypanosoma theileri) found in sheep throughout the world, and probably in goats as well; the vector is Melophagus ovinus. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Trypanosoma rangeli | A species that parasitises a wide variety of mammals, including humans, in South America and is transmitted by the triatomid bugs Rhodnius prolixus and Tiratoma dimidiata, and probably others; it is apparently nonpathogenic but may be pathogenic in the bug host. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Trypanosoma rhodesiense | A haemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes rhodesian sleeping sickness in humans. It is carried by glossina pallidipes, g. Morsitans and occasionally other species of game-attacking tsetse flies. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Trypanosoma simiae | A species normally found in warthogs; it is highly pathogenic in pigs and camels, and is transmitted cyclically by tsetse flies and mechanically by bloodsucking flies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Trypanosoma suis | A species pathogenic for swine in Africa; it is transmitted by tsetse flies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Trypanosoma theileri | A large, relatively nonpathogenic species found in African antelopes and in cattle in many parts of the world; the parasites are spread by bloodsucking tabanid horseflies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Trypanosoma triatomae | The agent of south american trypanosomiasis or chagas disease. Its vertebrate hosts are man and various domestic and wild animals. Insects of several species are vectors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Trypanosoma ugandense | A haemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes gambian or west african sleeping sickness in humans. The vector host is usually the tsetse fly (glossina). (12 Dec 1998) |
| trypanosoma vivax | An active blood parasite that is present in practically all domestic animals in africa, the west indies, and parts of central and south america. In africa, the insect vector is the tsetse fly. In other countries, infection is by mechanical means indicating that the parasites have been introduced to these countries and have been able to maintain themselves in spite of the lack of a suitable intermediate host. It is a cause of nagana, the severity of which depends on the species affected. (12 Dec 1998) |
| trypanosomatid | Common name for a member of the family Trypanosomatidae. Synonym: trypanid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Trypanosomatidae | A protozoan family of haemoflagellates (order Kinetoplastida, class Zoomastigophorea, subphylum Mastigophora); asexual blood and/or tissue parasites of leeches, insects, and vertebrates and sap inhabitants of plants, characterised by a rounded or elongate form, a single nucleus, elongate mitochondrion (its position in relation to the nucleus is a characteristic of each genus), and an anteriorly directed single flagellum (in some genera, it borders an undulating membrane). Trypanosomatidae includes the genera Crithidia, Herpetomonas, Leptomonas, and Blastocrithidia, all of which are monogenetic and found in insects, and Phytomonas (found in plants), Endotrypanum, Leishmania, and Trypanosoma, all of which are digenetic; Leishmania and Trypanosoma include important pathogens of man and animals. Many trypanosomes pass through developmental or life cycle stages similar to the body forms characteristic of the genera; these forms include amastigote, choanomastigote, opisthomastigote, promastigote, epimastigote, and trypomastigote. (05 Mar 2000) |
| trypanosomatina | A suborder of monoflagellate parasitic protozoa that lives in the blood and tissues of man and animals. Representative genera include: blastocrithidia, leptomonas, crithidia, herpetomonas, leishmania, phytomonas, and trypanosoma. Species of this suborder may exist in two or more morphologic stages formerly named after genera exemplifying these forms - amastigote (leishmania), choanomastigote (crithidia), promastigote (leptomonas), opisthomastigote (herpetomonas), epimastigote (blastocrithidia), and trypomastigote (trypanosoma). (12 Dec 1998) |
| trypanosome | <cell biology> A type of parasitic protozoan which can cause a number of serious diseases in people and domestic animals, including African sleeping sickness and leishmaniasis. The trypanosome is able to remain within a host's body for a very long time because it regularly changes the proteins (i.e. Antigens) on its outer surface, so that the host's immune system must constantly develop new antibodies in order to continue to recognise and destroy it. The trypanosome uses a large number of different genes which can be used in many combinations to come up with the different surface proteins. As a result, the host is never able to completely eliminate the trypanosome. Origin: Gr. Soma = body (09 Oct 1997) |
| trypanosome fever | The febrile stage of sleeping sickness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| trypanosome stage | Term to replace the older term, "trypanosome stage," which was often confused with the flagellate genus Trypanosoma. It denotes the stage (infective stage for South American trypanosomiasis and African trypanosomiasis, and the only stage found in man in the latter illness) in which the flagellum arises from a posteriorly located kinetoplast and emerges from the side of the body, with an undulating membrane running along the length of the body. Origin: G. Trypanon, auger, + mastix, whip (05 Mar 2000) |