| 영문 | therapy | 한글 | 요법 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 병을 낫게 하는 것 또는 그 방법. |
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| 영문 | gene therapy | 한글 | 유전자요법 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 유전병을 치료할 목적으로, 정상적으로 기능하는 단일유전자 혹은 복수유전자를 어떤 기원에서 얻어내어 생세포에 도입하는 것. 유전물질은 유전자삽입 조작에 의해 수용세포에로 도입된다. 즉, 유전자를 끼워 넣은 새로운 세포를 사용하는 치료로서 1980년 미국의 학자가 지중해빈혈환자에게 강행하여 비판을 받았지만, 미국 국립보건연구소는 1990년 9월 아데노신 데아미나아제(adenosine deaminase, ADA) 결핍증 환자의 림프구에 ADA 유전자를 끼워 넣는 치료를 시작한 이래 현재는 암을 포함한 많은 질병들을 치료하는 목적으로 쓰인다. |
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| 영문 | Electric convulsive therapy(ECT) | 한글 | 전기경련요법 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌에 전기 자극을 주어 인위적으로 경련을 유발함으로써 정신 병을 치료하는 방법. 전기쇼크요법(electroshock therapy)이라고도 한다. 1938년에 이탈리아의 체를레티와 비니에 의해 시작되었다. 작용기전은 확실치 않으나 뇌의 신진대사, 생화학 및 효소 등에 변화를 일으킨다는 생물학적, 생화학적 학설이 유력하다. 적응증으로 가장 효과적인 병은 우울증으로 특히 여성에서 갱년기에 호발하는 갱년기 우울증, 우울증과 조증(아주 기분이 좋은 상태가 지속되는 정신병)이 일정한 주기를 두고 반복하는 조울증에 잘 쓰이며, 80~90%에서 효과가 있다. |
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| STLI | subtotal lymphoid irradiation |
|---|---|
| STVA | subtotal villose atrophy |
| SVA | selective vagotomy and antrectomy; selective visceral angiography; sequential ventriculoatrial [paci... |
| HEIR | health effects of ionizing radiation; high-energy ionizing radiation |
| RO | radiation oncology; radiation output; ratio of; relative odds; renal osteodystrophy; reverse osmosis... |
| acoustic radiation | The fibres that pass from the medial geniculate body to the transverse temporal gyri of the cerebral cortex by way of the sublentiform part of the internal capsule. Synonym: radiatio acustica. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| acute radiation syndrome | <syndrome> A syndrome caused by exposure of the body to large amounts of radiation, (e.g., from certain forms of therapy, accidents, and nuclear explosions; it is divided into three major forms which are, in ascending order of severity, the haematogic, gastrointestinal, and central nervous system-cardiovascular forms; its clinical manifestations are divided into prodromal, latent, overt, and recovery stages. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adaptive radiation | <chemistry> The evolution of new speciesor sub-species to fill unoccupied ecological niches. (06 May 1997) |
| alpha radiation | <physics, radiobiology> The most easily absorbable type of radiation, it consists of a stream of alpha particles, doubly ionised helium nuclei which are electrically charged and produce intense ionisation in matter. Alpha radiation can be deflected in electromagnetic fields. (09 Oct 1997) |
| annihilation radiation | The radiation resulting when a positron from beta positive decay comes to rest. It encounters an electron, and they annihilate each other and convert their rest mass into two 0.51-MeV gamma rays emitted in exactly opposite directions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| background radiation | <radiobiology> Level of environmental radation due to background sources. Background sources can be natural, such as cosmic rays and natural radioactive elements (principally radon, but including other elements such as isotopes of potassium (which people get substantial amounts of in foods like bananas)). They can also be man-made, such as from fossil-fuel combustion, everyday leakage from nuclear activities, and leftover from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. Background radiation is usually distinguished from acute radiation, such as from medical X-rays, nuclear accidents, radioisotope therapy, or other short-term doses. The man-made contribution to background radiation is quite small compared to the natural contribution, medical uses dominate human exposure to acute radiation. (09 Oct 1997) |
| beta radiation | <radiobiology> Radiant energy from a source of beta rays. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation | <radiobiology> Propagation of energy through space. In the context of this report, it is electromagnetic radiation (X-rays or gamma rays) or corpuscular radiation (alpha particles, electrons, protons, neutrons) capable of producing ionisation. (16 Dec 1997) |
| radiation anaemia | Hypoplastic anaemia sometimes occurring after high-level acute or low-level chronic exposure to ionizing radiation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation biology | Field of science that studies the biological effects of ionizing radiation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation biophysics | The study of the effects of radiation on cells, tissues, biomolecules, and living organisms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation burn | A burn caused by exposure to radium, X-rays, atomic energy in any form, ultraviolet rays, etc. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation caries | Caries of the cervical regions of the teeth, incisal edges, and cusp tips secondary to xerostomia induced by radiation therapy to the head and neck. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation cataract | A cataract caused by excessive or prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays, X-rays, radium, beta rays, gamma rays, heat, or radioactive isotopes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radiation chemistry | The science concerned with the effects of ionizing or nuclear radiation on chemical reactions or materials. (05 Mar 2000) |