| 영문 | heart-lung machine | 한글 | 심장-허파 기계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 심장의 수술에 사용되는 기계로서 심장이 수술을 받고 있는 동안 기능을 하지 못하므로 이 기능을 대신 해주는 기계이다. 이것은 대정맥과 대동맥사이에 연결이 되어서 혈액을 강제로 순환시키면서 대정맥에서 온 피에 산소를 공급하여 대동맥으로 돌려 보내는 역할을 한다. 즉 심장과 폐의 역할을 동시에 하는 기계이다. |
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| 영문 | congestive heart failure | 한글 | 울혈성심장기능상실 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 심장의 원래 기능, 즉 혈액을 말초로 보내는 펌프와 같은 기능이 거의 없어진 상태를 말한다. 피를 보내는 펌프의 역할이 멈추었으므로 심장으로 들어오는 피는 심장으로 들어오지 못하고 정맥속에서 정체하게 된다. 그리하여 혈액의 대부분이 말초의 정맥에 머물게 되어 여러 가지 증상이 나타난다. 특히 허파를 돌아 좌심방으로 들어가야하는 피가 펌프 기능이 없어져서 왼심방에 많은 피가 정체하고 있어서 들어가지 못해서 허파에 고이게 된다. 그러면 허파에 산소와 이산화탄소를 교환하는 기능이 없어져서 숨을 쉬지 못하는 결과를 낸다. 즉 숨이 차고 숨쉬기 힘든 증세가 나타난다. 또 온몸을 순환한 다음에 우심방으로 들어와야하는 피도 우심방으로 들어오지 못해서 말초에 정체하므로 온몸이 붓게 된다. |
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| single-minded | Having a single purpose; hence, artless; guileless; single-hearted. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| single parent | An unmarried natural, adoptive, or substitute parent of a dependent child, whether living with or visiting the child. To be used also for single-parent families. The concept includes the never-married, as well as the divorced and widowed. (12 Dec 1998) |
| single-payer system | An approach to health care financing with only one source of money for paying health care providers. The scope may be national (the canadian system), state-wide, or community-based. The payer may be a governmental unit or other entity such as an insurance company. The proposed advantages include administrative simplicity for patients and providers, and resulting significant savings in overhead costs. (12 Dec 1998) |
| single person | The unmarried man or woman. (12 Dec 1998) |
| single photon emission computed tomography | <radiology> Tomographic imaging of metabolic and physiological functions in tissues, the image being formed by computer synthesis of photons of a single energy emitted by radionuclides administered in suitable form to the patient. The method uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is then rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer then reconstructs the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the target area scanned. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as the size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of available photons and hence degrades the image. Acronym: SPECT (20 Jun 2000) |
| single-strand break | A break in double-stranded DNA in which only one of the two strands has been cleaved; both strands have not separated from each other. (05 Mar 2000) |
| single stranded binding protein | <protein> SSB's are proteins responsiblefor holding the replication fork of DNAopen while polymerases readthe templates. (09 Oct 1997) |
| single stranded conformational polymorphism | Technique for detecting point mutations in genes by amplifying a region of genomic DNA (using asymmetric PCR) and running the resulting product on a high quality gel. Single base substitutions can alter the secondary structure of the fragment in the gel, producing a visible shift in its mobility. (18 Nov 1997) |
| single stranded DNA | <molecular biology> DNA that consists of only one chain of nucleotides rather than the two base pairing strands found in DNA in the double helix form. Parvoviridae have a single stranded DNA genome. Single stranded DNA can be produced experimentally by rapidly cooling heat denatured DNA. Heating causes the strands to separate and rapid cooling prevents renaturation. (18 Nov 1997) |
| single stranded DNA dependent ATPase | <enzyme> Probably involved in DNA replication Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- Synonym: ssdna-dependent atpase (26 Jun 1999) |
| single ventricle | Congenital absence or near total absence of the ventricular septum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| dental implants, single-tooth | Devices, usually alloplastic, surgically inserted into or onto the jawbone, which support a single prosthetic tooth and serve either as abutments or as cosmetic replacements for missing teeth. (12 Dec 1998) |
| diseases, single-gene | Hereditary disorders caused by a change (mutation) in a single gene. There are thousands of single-gene diseases including achondroplastic dwarfism, Huntington disease, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and haemophilia. Single-gene diseases typically describe classic simple Mendelian patterns of inheritance (as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked traits) by comparison with polygenic diseases. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA, single-stranded | A single chain of deoxyribonucleotides that occurs in some bacteria and viruses. It usually exists as a covalently closed circle. (12 Dec 1998) |
| abnormal heart chamber dimensions | <radiology> Left ventricular volume overload, left ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular volume overload, right ventricular hypertrophy, fixed subvalvular aortic stenosis, hypoplastic left/right ventricle; common ventricle, congestive cardiomyopathy (12 Dec 1998) |