| 영문 | glia cell | 한글 | 아교세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포 사이에서 그물구조를 이루며 이를 지지하는 조직. 신경아교세포는 신경모세포와 갈라진 아교모세포가 다시 여러 형태로 분화-성장한 것이다. 뇌실이나 척수중심관의 벽을 덮고 원주상 또는 입방형이며, 초기에는 유리면에 섬모가 있다. 대형세포는 별뇌실막세포는 아교세포라고 하며, 신경세포나 신경섬유 사이에 산재한다. 그 외에 희소돌기아교세포도 포함된다. |
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| 영문 | reserve cell | 한글 | 예비세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 일반적으로 상피조직에서 이미 있던 상피세포가 손상을 받아 사멸하면 매꿔지는 그 밑에 있는 미분화세포 예를 들면, 기관지 내표면을 덮는 중층 원주 상피의 기저에 있는 작은 미분화 상피 세포. |
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| 영문 | stem cell | 한글 | 줄기세포, 간세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자기 복제를 하여 자신을 존속시키면서 한편으로는 증식과 분화를 하여 새로운 세포를 형성하는 세포로서 조혈줄기세포가 대표적이다. 조혈줄기세포는 골수에 있는 세포로서 모든 혈구세포가 여기에서 분화되어 발생한다. |
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| 영문 | renal cell carcinoma | 한글 | 콩팥세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥에 생긴 원시콩팥조직에서 발생한 암. 주로 원시세뇨관조직에서 발생한다. 대표적인 세포조직형은 염색시 세포질이 맑게 비어보이는 맑은세포암종이다. 치료는 수술과 항암화학요법이며 아주 드물지만 저절로 낫는 경우도 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다. |
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| 영문 | squamous cell carcinoma | 한글 | 편평세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 편평세포 기원의 암으로서, 편평세포가 있는 어떤 곳에서든 발생가능함. 따라서 식도암, 피부암, 폐암, 자궁암 등이 여기에 해당된다. 특히 피부암은 많은 자외선조사에 의해 생기는 광선각화증에서 발생가능하다. 병리조직학적 특성으로서 각질을 생성한다. |
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| SCTAT | sex cord tumor with annular tubules |
|---|---|
| SH | Salter-Harris [fracture]; Schonlein-Henoch [purpura]; self-help; serum hepatitis; sexual harassment;... |
| SHBG | sex hormone binding globulin |
| SI | International System of Units [Fr. le Systeme International d'Unites]; sacroiliac; saline infusion; ... |
| SIECUS | Sex Information and Education Council of the United States |
| sex hormone-binding globulin | A glycoprotein migrating as a beta-globulin. Its molecular weight, 52,000 or 95,000-115,000, indicates that it exists as a dimer. The protein binds testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol in the plasma. Changes in its concentration significantly affect the ratio of unbound (biologically active) testosterone to estradiol in plasma. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| sex hormones | Hormones having oestrogenic (female sex hormones) or androgenic (male sex hormones) activity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sex-influenced | Denoting a class of genetic disorders in which the same genotype has differing manifestations in the two sexes; the variation may be rational (e.g., breast cancer occurs less frequently in males) or have only empirical support (e.g., pattern baldness behaves as a dominant trait in the male and as a recessive trait in the female). See: sex-influenced inheritance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sex-influenced esterase | <enzyme> Sex hormone-dependent enzyme; liver enzyme may be a precursor of sex-influenced esterase Registry number: EC 3.1.1.- Synonym: es-si esterase, liver sex-influenced esterase (26 Jun 1999) |
| sex-influenced inheritance | Inheritance that is autosomal but has a different intensity of xpression in the two sexes, e.g., male pattern baldness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sex-limited | Occurring in one sex only. See: sex-limited inheritance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sex-limited inheritance | Inheritance of a trait that can be expressed in one sex only, e.g., testicular feminization. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sex-linked | <genetics> A genetic disorder where the genetic defect is linked to one of the chromosomes that determines sex (x or y). This is usually due to a gene on the unpaired portion of the X chromosome. Recessive X linked alleles are fully expressed in the heterogametic sex because they can have only one copy of the gene. Thus X linked mutant disorders are more common in human males than in females. An example is haemophilia, which is autosomal recessive and linked to the X chromosome, so only males (XY) actually manifest the disease. (06 Oct 1997) |
| sex-linked character | An inherited character determined by a gene on a gonosome. See: gene. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sex-linked inheritance | The pattern of inheritance that may result from a mutant gene located on either the X or Y chromosome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sex-linked locus | Any locus that in normal karyotypes is borne on a heterosome; commonly but incorrectly applied to an X-linked locus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sex manuals | Books used for sex education and procedural instruction. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sex maturation | Achievement of full sexual capacity. Applies to animals and humans. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sex offenses | Any violation of established legal or moral codes in respect to sexual behaviour. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sex pili | <cell biology> Fine filamentous projections (pili) on the surface of a bacterium that are important in conjugation. Often seem to be coded for by plasmids that confer conjugative potential on the host, in the case of the f plasmid, the F pili are 8-9nm diameter and several microns long, composed of pilin. Whether the pili merely serve to establish and maintain adhesive contact between the partners in conjugation or whether DNA is actually transferred through the central core of the pilus is still unresolved, although a simple adhesion role is more generally accepted. (18 Nov 1997) |