| RA | radioactive; ragocyte; ragweed antigen; rapidly adapting [receptors]; reactive arthritis; reciprocal... |
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| RH | radiant heat; radiation hybrid; radiological health; reactive hyperemia; recurrent herpes; regulator... |
| RS | radioscaphoid; random sample; rating schedule; Raynaud syndrome; recipient's serum; rectal sinus; re... |
| RUL | right upper eyelid; right upper lateral; right upper limb; right upper lobe |
| LA | lactic acid; large amount; laser angioplasty; late abortion; late antigen; latex agglutination; left... |
| portasystemic shunt, transjugular intrahepatic | A type of surgical portasystemic shunt to reduce portal hypertension with associated complications of oesophageal varices and ascites. It is performed percutaneously through the jugular vein and involves the creation of an intrahepatic shunt between the hepatic vein and portal vein. The channel is maintained by a metallic stent. The procedure can be performed in patients who have failed sclerotherapy and is an additional option to the surgical techniques of portocaval, mesocaval, and splenorenal shunts. It takes one to three hours to perform. (jama 1995;273(23):1824-30) (12 Dec 1998) |
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| hexose monophosphate shunt | The main metabolic pathway in activated neutrophils, rendering them relatively insensitive to inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation. Congenital deficiency of the first enzyme in the shunt, glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, produces a sensitivity to infection similar to that seen in chronic granulomatous disease. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Scribner shunt | Connection of an artery, customarily the radial, to the cephalic vein via a short extracorporeal catheter. (05 Mar 2000) |
| H shunt | <surgery> A side-to-side shunt between adjacent vessels which utilises a connecting conduit. Synonym: H graft. (05 Mar 2000) |
| shunt | 1. To turn to one side, to divert, to bypass. 2. <cardiology> A passage or anastomosis between two natural channels, especially between blood vessels. Such structures may be formed physiologically (for example to bypass a thrombosis) or they may be structural anomalies. 3. <surgery> A surgically created anastomosis, also, the operation of forming a shunt. (18 Nov 1997) |
| splenorenal shunt | Anastomosis of the splenic vein to the left renal vein, usually end-to-side, for control of portal hypertension. Synonym: renal-splenic venous shunt. (05 Mar 2000) |
| splenorenal shunt, surgical | Anastomosis of splenic vein to renal vein to relieve portal hypertension. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Denver shunt | LeVeen-type shunt with an implanted, valved, manually compressible chamber used to determine and maintain patency. (05 Mar 2000) |
| dialysis shunt | Arteriovenous shunt connecting the arterial and venous cannulas in arm or leg. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Dickens shunt | <biochemistry> A pathway of hexose oxidation in which glucose-6-phosphate undergoes two successive oxidations by NADP, the final one being an oxidative decarboxylation to form a pentose phosphate. Diverges from this when glucose-6-phosphate is oxidized to ribose 5 phosphate by the enzyme glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase. This step reduces NADP to NADPH, generating a source of reducing power in cells for use in reductive biosyntheses. In plants, part of the pathway functions in the formation of hexoses from carbon dioxide in photosynthesis. Also important as source of pentoses, for example for nucleic acid biosynthesis. This pathway is the main metabolic pathway in neutrophils, congenital deficiency in the pathway produces sensitivity to infection. Alternative metabolic route to Embden Meyerhof pathway for breakdown of glucose. (18 Nov 1997) |
| distal splenorenal shunt | Anastomosis of the splenic end of the divided splenic vein to the left renal vein. Synonym: distal splenorenal shunt. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Torkildsen shunt | A ventriculocisternal shunt. See: shunt. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endolymphatic shunt | Surgical fistulization of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear with mastoid, subarachnoid or cochlear shunt. This procedure is used in the treatment of meniere's disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
| transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt | An interventional radiology procedure to relieve portal hypertension. (05 Mar 2000) |
| jejunoileal shunt | A surgical procedure consisting of the anastomosis of the proximal part of the jejunum to the distal portion of the ileum, so as to bypass the nutrient-absorptive segment of the small intestine, to treat morbid obesity. (12 Dec 1998) |