| receptors, antigen, T-cell, alpha-beta | T-cell receptors composed of CD3-associated alpha and beta polypeptide chains and expressed primarily in CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells. Unlike immunoglobulins, the alpha-beta T-cell receptors recognise antigens only when presented in association with major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| receptors, antigen, T-cell, gamma-delta | T-cell receptors composed of CD3-associated gamma and delta polypeptide chains and expressed primarily in CD4-/CD8- T-cells. The receptors appear to be preferentially located in epithelial sites and probably play a role in the recognition of bacterial antigens. The T-cell receptor gamma/delta chains are separate and not related to the gamma and delta chains which are subunits of CD3 (see antigens, CD3). (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, aryl hydrocarbon | Cytoplasmic proteins that bind certain aryl hydrocarbons, translocate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of particular DNA segments. Ah receptors are identified by their high-affinity binding to several carcinogenic or teratogenic environmental chemicals including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in cigarette smoke and smog, heterocyclic amines found in cooked foods, and halogenated hydrocarbons including dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. No endogenous ligand has been identified, but an unknown natural messenger with a role in cell differentiation and development is suspected. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, atrial natriuretic factor | Cell surface proteins that bind atrial natriuretic factor with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, biogenic amine | Cell surface proteins that bind biogenic amines with high affinity and regulate intracellular signals which influence the behaviour of cells. Biogenic amine is a chemically imprecise term which, by convention, includes the catecholamines epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, the indoleamine serotonin, the imidazolamine histamine, and compounds closely related to each of these. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, bombesin | Cell surface proteins that bind bombesin or closely related peptides with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Gastrin- releasing peptide (grp), grp 18-27 (neuromedin c), and neuromedin b are endogenous ligands of bombesin receptors in mammals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, bradykinin | Cell surface receptors that bind bradykinin and related kinins with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The identified receptor types (b-1 and b-2, or bk-1 and bk-2) recognise the endogenous kallidins, t-kinins, and certain bradykinin fragments as well as bradykinin itself. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, calcitonin | Cell surface proteins that bind calcitonin and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Calcitonin receptors outside the nervous system mediate the role of calcitonin in calcium homeostasis. The role of calcitonin receptors in the brain is not well understood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, calcitonin gene-related peptide | Cell surface proteins that bind calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Cgrp receptors are present in both the central nervous system and the periphery and are not the same as calcitonin receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, calcitriol | Proteins, usually found in the cytoplasm, that specifically bind calcitriol, migrate to the nucleus, and regulate transcription of specific segments of DNA. Vitamin d is converted in the liver and kidney to calcitriol and ultimately acts through these receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, catecholamine | Cell surface proteins that bind catecholamines with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The catecholamine messengers epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine are synthesised from tyrosine by a common biosynthetic pathway. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, ccr5 | Seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors for beta-chemokines. They also function as fusion cofactors for macrophage-tropic HIV-1 strains. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, cell surface | Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behaviour of the target cell. Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, chemokine | Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor family. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, cholecystokinin | Cell surface proteins that bind cholecystokinin (cck) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Cholecystokinin receptors are activated by gastrin as well as by cck-4, cck-8, and cck-33. Activation of these receptors evokes secretion of amylase by pancreatic acinar cells, acid and pepsin by stomach mucosal cells, and contraction of the pylorus and gall bladder. The role of the widespread cck receptors in the central nervous system is not well understood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ryanodine receptor calcium release channel | Protein complexes that mediate the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in both skeletal and cardiac muscle cells by forming tetrametric complexes. These complexes each then act as a calcium channel. There are three isoforms of the ryr: ryr1, ryr2, and ryr3. Ryr1 is specifically expressed in skeletal muscles and ryr2 in cardiac muscles. Ryr3 is yet another isoform found in non-muscle cells such as neuronal cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| PL7a receptor-tyrosine kinase | <enzyme> A member of the eph receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily; shows 80% identity with myk-1; genbank l43622 Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- Synonym: pl7a protein (26 Jun 1999) |
| Con A receptor | <biochemistry> A common misuse of the term receptor. Con A binds to the mannose residues of many different glycoproteins and glycolipids and the binding is therefore not to a specific site. It could be argued that the receptor is the Con A and cells have Con A ligands on their surfaces: certainly this would be less confusing. (05 Jan 1998) |
| muscarinic acetylcholine receptor | Distinct from the nicotinic ACh receptor in having no intrinsic ion channel, the receptor is formed from one protein chain with 7 transmembrane regions. The receptors produce their effect via activation of GTP-binding proteins. (18 Nov 1997) |
| muscarinic receptor kinase | <enzyme> Phosphorylates muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and beta-adrenergic receptors Registry number: EC 2.7.- Synonym: muscarinic acetylcholine receptor kinase, machr kinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| cyclic AMP receptor protein | A transcriptional regulator in prokaryotes which, when activated by binding cyclic AMP, acts at several promoters. Cyclic AMP receptor protein was originally identified as a catabolite gene activator protein. It was subsequently shown to regulate several functions unrelated to catabolism, and to be both a negative and a positive regulator of transcription. Cell surface cyclic AMP receptors are not included (cyclic AMP receptors), nor are the eukaryotic cytoplasmic cyclic AMP receptor proteins, which are the regulatory subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. (12 Dec 1998) |
| presynaptic receptor | <physiology> Receptors located on presynaptic terminals at synapses. (05 Mar 1998) |
| progesterone receptor assay | The progesterone receptor test (PgR assay) checks the tumour for its hormone status. (16 Dec 1997) |
| Xiphophorus melanoma receptor kinase | <enzyme> Growth factor receptor protein with an extracellular ligand binding domain and an intracellular catalytic domain Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- Synonym: xmrk protein (26 Jun 1999) |
| selective oestrogen-receptor modulator | <pharmacology> An antioestrogen which possesses some, but not all, of the actions of oestrogen. For example, raloxifene (evista) is classified as a SERM because it prevents bone loss (like oestrogen) and lowers serum cholesterol (like oestrogen) but (unlike oestrogen) does not stimulate the endometrial lining of the uterus. Acronym: SERM (17 Jul 2002) |
| hormone receptor assay | A diagnostic test to determine whether a breast cancer's growth is influenced by hormones or if it can be treated with hormones. (09 Oct 1997) |
| purinergic receptor | <biochemistry> Receptors that use purine nucleotides (e.g. ATP) as ligands. (18 Nov 1997) |
| signal recognition particle receptor | Receptor for the signal recognition particle (SRP) found in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. Also called docking protein. Heterodimeric, both protomers having GTP binding capacity, though dissimilar binding sites. Not until the complex of SRP, ribosome, message and nascent polypeptide chain binds to the SRP receptor is the block to further chain elongation released and concurrently the SRP is released, leaving the ribosome attached to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Cotranslational transport of the polypeptide delivers it into the lumen of the ER. (18 Nov 1997) |
| S-receptor kinase | <enzyme> Srk - s-receptor kinase; from brassica oleracea; amino acid sequence has been determined Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- Synonym: srk gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| steroid receptor | Family of nuclear transcription factors, most of which are receptors for hormones of the steroid family, for example androgen, oestrogen, glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, progesterone, retinoic acid, ecdysone, thyroid hormone and the Drosophila transcription factors knirps, ultraspiracle and seven up. This family contains a conserved domain (the steroid finger motif) containing two C4 type zinc fingers. (18 Nov 1997) |
Synonyms : Angiotensin AT2 Receptor, AT2 Receptor, Angiotensin, Receptor, Angiotensin AT2
Synonyms : Bradykinin B1 Receptors, Bradykinin Type 1 Receptor, B1 Receptor, Bradykinin, B1 Receptors, Bradykinin, Receptors, Bradykinin B1
Synonyms : Bradykinin B2 Receptors, Receptor, Bradykinin Type 2, B2 Receptor, Bradykinin, B2 Receptors, Bradykinin, Receptors, Bradykinin B2
Synonyms : CB1 Receptor, Receptor CB1, Cannabinoid, Receptor, CB1
Synonyms : CB2 Receptor, CB2, Cannabinoid Receptor, Receptor CB2, Cannabinoid, Receptor, CB2
| receptor |
a molecular structure on the cell surface, which allows the attachment of specific extracellular molecules, such as antigens and cytokines, in order to allow communication with other cells and the environment. Receptors are a starting point for signal transduction.
출처: www.qimr.edu.au/qimr_glossary.html
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| receptor |
Ecological entity exposed to a stressor.
출처: www.waterquality.de/hydrobio.hw/RTERMS.HTM
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| receptor |
A molecule that recognizes a unique hormone. Once that hormone is bound to the receptor, the information carried by the hormone can now exert its biological action.
출처: www.aboutzonediet.org/glossary.htm
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| receptor site |
1. A molecular structure within a cell or on the surface characterised by selective binding of a specific substance and a specific physiologic effect that accompanies the binding, for example, cell surface receptors for peptide hormones, neurotransmitters, antigens, complement fragments and immunoglobulins and cytoplasmic receptors for steroid hormones. 2. A sensory nerve terminal that responds to stimuli of various kinds. More.
출처: home.comcast.net/~bkrentzman/glossary2.html
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| receptor |
a protein usually found on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific chemical messenger, such as a neurotransmitter.
출처: www.biotechshares.com/glossary.htm
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