| ¿µ¹® | intelligence test | ÇÑ±Û | Áö´É°Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | 1905³â ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ºñ³×°¡ Á¤½Å¹Ú¾à¾Æ¸¦ ÀϹݾƵ¿À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÇº°Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ÀÛ¼ºÇÑ °ÍÀÌ Áö´É°Ë»çÀÇ ½ÃÀÛÀÌ´Ù. Áö´É°Ë»ç´Â ±×ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀϹÝÀû Áö´É°Ë»ç¿Í Áø´Ü¿ë Áö´É°Ë»ç·Î ³ª´²Áö°í, ½Ç½Ã¹æ¹ý¿¡¼ °³Àοë(°³º°½Ä)°ú Áý´Ü¿ë(´Üü½Ä)À¸·Î ºÐ·ùµÇ°í ¶Ç ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ð¾î¼º°Ë»ç(A½Ä ¶Ç´Â ¥á½Ä)¿Í ºñ¾ð¾î¼º°Ë»ç(B½Ä ¥â½Ä)·Î ³ª´²Áø´Ù. Áö´É°Ë»çÀÇ °á°úÀÇ Ç¥½Ã¹ýÀº Á¤½Å¿¬·É(mental age, MA), Áö´ÉÁö¼ö(intelligence quotient, IQ), Áö´ÉÆíÂ÷Ä¡(intelligence standard score, ISS)µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. Áö´É°Ë»ç¿¡´Â ¿ª»çÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ³×½Ä°ú À°±º½ÄÀÇ µÎ °èÅëÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ºñ³×½ÄÀº °Ë»çÀÚ°¡ °³º°ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÑ °³ ¹®Ç×¾¿ Áú¹®À» Çϸé ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Çǰ˻çÀÚ°¡ ¸»À̳ª ÇൿÀ¸·Î ÀÀ´äÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý(°³º°½Ä-¹®´ä½Ä)À̰í, À°±º½ÄÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î´Â ÀμâµÈ ¹®Á¦¿ëÁö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Çǰ˻çÀÚ°¡ ¼ÒÁ¤ÀÇ ½Ã°£ ³»¿¡ µÇµµ·Ï ¸¹ÀÌ ¹Ù¸£°Ô(½Ã°£Á¦Çѹý) ȸ´äÀ» ±âÀÔÇÑ´Ù(Çʱâ¹ý). Çѱ¹ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ Áö´É°Ë»ç´Â 1954³â ¼¿ï´ëÇб³ »ç¹ü´ëÇÐ ±³À°½É¸®¿¬±¸½Ç¿¡¼ Á¦ÀÛÇÑ °£Æí Áö´É°Ë»çÀÌ´Ù. °£Æí Áö´É°Ë»ç ÀÌÈÄ ´Ù¼öÀÇ Áý´Ü Áö´É°Ë»ç°¡ ÃâÇöÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥ ºñ±³Àû ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ Ç¥ÁØÈµÈ Áö´É°Ë»ç·Î´Â Çѱ¹Çൿ°úÇבּ¸¼Ò°¡ 1984³â¿¡ Àü±¹ °íµîÇб³ ÇлýÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î Á¦ÀÛÇÑ KIT-S Áö´É°Ë»ç°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | patch test | ÇÑ±Û | øÆ÷°Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ÇǺξ˷¹¸£±â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °Ë»ç¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Ç׿øÀ» ºÙÀΠøÆ÷¸¦ ÇǺο¡ ºÎÂøÇÑ ´ÙÀ½ 2ÀÏ ÈÄ¿¡ »çÇϰí, ´Ù½Ã 2ÀÏ ÈÄ¿¡ °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù. 2¹ø ¸ðµÎ ÇǺÎÀÌ»óÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é, ¾Ë·¹¸£±â¹ÝÀÀ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÌ»ó¼Ò°ßÀ̸ç, ¸¸¾à óÀ½ 2ÀÏ¿¡´Â ÀÌ»óÀÌ ÀÖÁö¸¸, ´ÙÀ½ 2ÀÏ ÈÄ °Ë»ç¿¡¼ ÀÌ»ó¼Ò°ßÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é, ±×°ÍÀº ´ÜÁö ÇǺÎÀڱؿ¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÌ»ó¼Ò°ßÀÏ »ÓÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | hearing test | ÇÑ±Û | û·Â°Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ±Í°¡ µé¸®´Â Á¤µµ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °Ë»ç. û°¢°Ë»ç¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ¼Ò¸®³ª ¸ñ¼Ò¸®°¡ Àß µé¸®´ÂÁöÀÇ ¿©ºÎ µî û°¢ÀÇ ¿¹¹ÎÇÑ Á¤µµ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. °Ë»ç¿¡´Â û·Â°è³ª ¼Ò¸®±Á¼è µîÀÇ ±â±¸¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¾ò´Â À½¿ø, Áï ¼øÀ½À» »ç¿ëÇϸç, »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¸ñ¼Ò¸®³ª ½Ã°è¼Ò¸® µîµµ À½¿øÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¶Ç À½ÆÄ°¡ ÀüÆÄµÇ´Â ¸ÅÁú¿¡ µû¶ó ±âµµ û·Â°Ë»ç¿Í °ñµµ û·Â°Ë»ç·Î ±¸º°µÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. °Ë»çÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ¸·Î´Â û°¢ÀÇ »óÇÏÀ½°è³ª ÃÖ¼Ò °¡Ã»¹®ÅΰªÀÇ °Ë»ç¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇÏ¿©, ÃæºÐÈ÷ µé¸®´Â ¼Ò¸®¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ±×°ÍÀÌ µé¸®´Â »óŸ¦ Á¶»çÇÏ´Â ¹®Åΰª°Ë»ç(¼Ò¸®ÀÇ Å©±â¿Í »óÅÂÀÇ °Ë»ç, ¼¼±âÀÇ ÆÇº°¿ª°Ë»ç µî) ¿Ü¿¡ À½ÇâÀÚ±ØÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Å¸°¢ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýµµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À̰ÍÀº ÁÖ·Î °«³¾Æ±â³ª Á¤½Åº´È¯ÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ÁַΠû·Â°è°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ°í, û·ÂÀº µ¥½Ãº§(dB)·Î Ç¥½ÃµÈ´Ù. Á¤»óÀÎÀº 0dBÀ̰í, ³Ã»ÀÚÀϼö·Ï ±× ¼ö°¡ Ä¿Áö¸ç, 60dBÀÌ»óÀº »ó´çÈ÷ ³Ã»À̰í, 80dB ÀÌ»óÀÌ¸é ±Í¸Ó°Å¸®ÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | Coombs test | ÇÑ±Û | Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ÀûÇ÷±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü¸¦ °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý. Ç×ü¶õ ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ¹°Áú¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ±× ¹°ÁúÀÇ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ¾ïÁ¦Çϰí, ¶Ç´Â ±× ¹°ÁúÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î B-¸²ÇÁ±¸¶ó´Â ¸é¿ªÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø´Ù. ÀÌ Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç¿¡´Â Á÷Á¢Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç¿Í °£Á¢Å©¿òÁî°Ë»çÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö°¡ Àִµ¥ Á÷Á¢ Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç´Â ¸ö¼ÓÀÇ ÀûÇ÷±¸¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â Ç×ü¸¦ °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. äÃëÇÑ Ç÷¾×À» ÀûÇ÷±¸¸¦ ¾ò¾î¼ »ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç×ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü(»ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç×ü¿¡ ƯÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô ºÎÂøÀÌ µÇ´Â Ç×ü)¸¦ ¹ÝÀÀ½Ã۸é, ¸¸¾à ÀûÇ÷±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü°¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÀûÇ÷±¸¶ó¸é »ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç×ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü°¡, ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ħ° ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀϾ°Ô µÇ°í Ç×ü°¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀûÇ÷±¸ÀÌ¸é ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. °£Á¢Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç´Â Ç÷Àå¼Ó¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ÀûÇ÷±¸¿Í ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀº Ç×ü¸¦ ã¾Æ³»´Â ½ÃÇèÀ¸·Î Ç÷ÀåÀ» äÃëÇØ¼ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀûÇ÷±¸¿Í ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ½ÃŰ°í ¿ª½Ã Ç×ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü¸¦ ¹ÝÀÀ½ÃÄÑ Ä§°¹ÝÀÀÀ» °üÂûÇØ¼ ±× Ç×ü¸¦ ã¾Æ³»´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | tuberculin test | ÇÑ±Û | Æ©º£¸£Ä𸰰˻ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ¸¹Àº ¼·Î ´Ù¸¥ ÇüÅÂÀÇ Æ©º£¸£Ä𸰰ú ´Ù¾çÇÑ Åõ¿©¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ °áÇÙ ÇǺΰ˻ç¹ý. ÇöÀç Ç¥ÁØ ½ÃÇè¹ýÀ¸·Î µÇ¾îÀÖ´Â °¡Àå ½Åºù¼ºÀÖ´Â °Ë»ç·Î´Â PPD¸¦ Çdz»ÁÖ»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¸ÁÅä¿ì °Ë»çÀÌ´Ù. Çdz»ÁÖ»çÈÄ 48~72½Ã°£ ÈÄ¿¡ ÁÖ»çºÎÀ§¿¡ Á÷°æ 10mmÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î º¸À̸ç, ¸¸Á®Áö´Â È«¹Ý°ú °æÈ°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é ¾ç¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ¼ºÀο¡°Ô´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Áß°£ °µµÀÇ Æ©º£¸£Äð¸°(5Tu)À» »ç¿ëÇϸç, ¾ç¼º¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é °áÇÙ±Õ¿¡ ÀÌÀü¿¡ °¨¿°µÇ¾ú°Å³ª ÇöÀç °¨¿°µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù´Â È®Á¤Àû Áø´ÜÀÌ µÈ´Ù. À½¼º¹ÝÀÀÀº °áÇÙÀÌ ¾ø°Å³ª, ½ÉÇÑ °áÇÙ°¨¿°¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÇǺξ˷¹¸£±â°¡ ÀÖÀ» °æ¿ì, ¶Ç´Â ¸é¿ª¾ïÁ¦¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â º´, ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é È£ÁöŲº´À̳ª »ç¸£ÄÚÀ̵åÁõ µîÀÌ ÇÕº´µÈ °æ¿ìÀÌ´Ù. |
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| TSA | technical surgical assistance; toluene sulfonic acid; total shoulder arthroplasty; total solute abso... |
|---|---|
| APSGN | Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulo-Nephritis; ¿¬¼â»ó ±¸±Õ°¨¿°ÈÄ ±Þ¼º »ç±¸Ã¼ ½Å¿° |
| PSGN | Post-Streptococcal Glomerulo-Nephritis |
| EOGBS | early onset group B streptococcal [infection] |
| GRABS | group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis |
| antigen-combining site | See: paratope. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| antigen excess | In a precipitation test, the presence of uncombined antigen above that required to combine with all of the antibody; precipitation may be inhibited because the presence of excess antigen gives rise to soluble antigen-antibody complexes, in vivo the resultant antigen-antibody interaction in such an antigen excess may give rise to immune complexes, which have a potential to induce cellular damage; such injury underlies the pathologic changes seen in certain immune complex diseases. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antigen interferon | <cytokine> Interferon elaborated by T lymphocytes in response to either specific antigen or mitogenic stimulation. This type II interferon can be produced by recombinant DNA technology and is similar to the interferon secreted by lymphocytes and has antiviral and antineoplastic activity. Synonym: antigen interferon, immune interferon. Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, antiviral agents. (20 Sep 2002) |
| antigen p150,95 | A major adhesion-associated heterodimer molecule expressed by human monocytes, granulocytes, nk cells, and some lymphocytes. The alpha subunit is the CD11c antigen (also called leu-m5), a surface antigen expressed on some myeloid cells. The beta subunit is the CD18 antigen (antigens, CD18). The p150,95 antigen has been shown to play an important role in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesive interactions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigen presentation | A cell that carries on its surface antigen bound to MCH Class I or Class II molecules and presents the antigen in this context to T-cells. Includes macrophages, endothelium, dendritic cells and Langerhans cells of the skin. See: MHC restriction, histocompatibility antigens. (18 Nov 1997) |
| antigen presenting cell | A cell that carries on its surface antigen bound to MCH Class I or Class II molecules and presents the antigen in this context to T-cells. Includes macrophages, endothelium, dendritic cells and Langerhans cells of the skin. See: MHC restriction, histocompatibility antigens. (18 Nov 1997) |
| antigen-presenting cells | Immunocompetent cells, usually ia positive, that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens or mitogens which stimulate T-cell activation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigen processing | Modification of an antigen by accessory cells. This usually involves endocytosis of the antigen and either minimal cleavage or unfolding. The processed antigen is then presented in modified form by the accessory cell. (18 Nov 1997) |
| antigen-responsive cell | A small lymphocyte that, although not itself an immunologically activated cell, responds to antigenic (immunogenic) stimulus by a process of division and differentiation that results in the production of immunologically activated cells. Synonym: antigen-responsive cell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antigen-sensitive cell | A small lymphocyte that, although not itself an immunologically activated cell, responds to antigenic (immunogenic) stimulus by a process of division and differentiation that results in the production of immunologically activated cells. Synonym: antigen-responsive cell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antigen shift | Abrupt change in antigens expressed by a species or variety of organisms. Usually seen in microorganisms where the change may allow escape from immune recognition. Antigenic drift is a more gradual change. See: antigenic variation. (18 Nov 1997) |
| antigen unit | The smallest amount of antigen that, in the presence of specific antiserum, will fix 1 complement unit. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Au antigen | Auberger blood group |
| Aus antigen | <virology> An envelope antigen now known as HBsAg of Hepatitis B virus. Appearance of the antigen in serum is associated with a phase of high infectivity. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Australia antigen | <virology> An envelope antigen now known as HBsAg of Hepatitis B virus. Appearance of the antigen in serum is associated with a phase of high infectivity. (18 Nov 1997) |
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