| 영문 | nasal bone | 한글 | 코뼈 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 코뿌리의 기초를 이루는 사다리꼴의 얇은 뼈로 좌우 한 쌍의 물렁뼈이며, 정중앙선에서 붙어 있다. 코뼈의 윗모서리는 이마뼈, 아래모서리는 코선반연골, 가쪽모서리는 위턱뼈이마돌기와 접한다. 바깥면은 평활하지만 속안면은 요면을 이루며, 세로로 걸친 벌집뼈신경구는 코뼈구멍으로 연결되어 앞벌집뼈신경과 통한다. |
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| pyramidal process | The portion of the palatine bone passing lateral and posterior from the angle formed by the vertical and horizontal plates. Synonym: processus pyramidalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| pyramidal radiation | Corticospinal fibres passing from the cortex into the pyramid. Synonym: radiatio pyramidalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pyramidal tract | A massive bundle of fibres originating from pyramidal cells of various sizes in the fifth layer of the precentral motor (area 4), the premotor area (area 6), and to a lesser extent from the postcentral gyrus. Cells of origin in area 4 include the gigantopyramidal cells of Betz. Fibres from these cortical regions descend through the internal capsule, the middle third of the crus cerebri, and the ventral part of the pons to emerge on the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata as the pyramis. Continuing caudally, most of the fibres cross to the opposite side in the pyramidal decussation and descend in the dorsal half of the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord as the lateral pyramidal tract, which distributes its fibres throughout the length of the spinal cord to interneurons of the zona intermedia of the spinal gray matter. In the (extremity-related) spinal cord enlargements, fibres also pass directly to motoneuronal groups that innervate distal extremity muscles subserving particular hand-and-finger or foot-and-toe movements. The uncrossed fibres form a small bundle, the anterior pyramidal tract, which descends in the anterior funiculus of the spinal cord and terminates in synaptic contact with interneurons in the medial half of the anterior horn on both sides of the spinal cord. Interruption of the pyramidal tract at or below its cortical origin causes impairment of movement in the opposite body-half, especially severe in the arm and leg; characterised by muscular weakness, spasticity and hyperreflexia, and a loss of discrete finger and hand movements. Babinski's sign is associated with this condition of hemiplegia. Synonym: tractus corticospinalis, tractus pyramidalis, corticospinal tract. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pyramidal tractotomy | May be mesencephalic (pedunculotomy or crusotomy), medullary (medullary pyramidotomy), or spinal (spinal pyramidotomy). (05 Mar 2000) |
| direct pyramidal tract | Uncrossed fibres forming a small bundle in the pyramidal tract. See: pyramidal tract. Synonym: tractus corticospinalis anterior, tractus pyramidalis anterior, anterior corticospinal tract, anterior pyramidal fasciculus, direct pyramidal tract, fasciculus corticospinalis anterior, fasciculus pyramidalis anterior, Turck's bundle, Turck's column, Turck's tract. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lateral pyramidal fasciculus | Those fibres of the pyramidal tract that cross to the opposite side in the pyramidal decussation and descend in the dorsal half of the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord; they are distributed throughout the length of the spinal cord to interneurons of the zona intermedia of the spinal gray matter. See: pyramidal tract. Synonym: tractus corticospinalis lateralis, tractus pyramidalis lateralis, crossed pyramidal tract, fasciculus corticospinalis lateralis, fasciculus pyramidalis lateralis, lateral corticospinal tract, lateral pyramidal fasciculus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lateral pyramidal tract | Those fibres of the pyramidal tract that cross to the opposite side in the pyramidal decussation and descend in the dorsal half of the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord; they are distributed throughout the length of the spinal cord to interneurons of the zona intermedia of the spinal gray matter. See: pyramidal tract. Synonym: tractus corticospinalis lateralis, tractus pyramidalis lateralis, crossed pyramidal tract, fasciculus corticospinalis lateralis, fasciculus pyramidalis lateralis, lateral corticospinal tract, lateral pyramidal fasciculus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bicipital tuberosity | An oval projection from the medial surface of the radius just distal to the neck, giving attachment on its posterior half to the tendon of the biceps. Synonym: tuberositas radii, bicipital tuberosity, tuber radii, tuberosity of radius. (05 Mar 2000) |
| calcaneal tuberosity | The posterior extremity of the calcaneus, or os calcis, forming the projection of the heel. Synonym: tuber calcanei, calcaneal tuber, tuber calcis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radial tuberosity | An oval projection from the medial surface of the radius just distal to the neck, giving attachment on its posterior half to the tendon of the biceps. Synonym: tuberositas radii, bicipital tuberosity, tuber radii, tuberosity of radius. (05 Mar 2000) |
| masseteric tuberosity | A roughened surface on the external aspect of the angle of the mandible, giving attachment to fibres of the masseter muscle. Synonym: tuberositas masseterica. (05 Mar 2000) |
| maxillary tuberosity | The bulging lower extremity of the posterior surface of the body of the maxilla, behind the root of the last molar tooth. Synonym: tuber maxillae, eminentia maxillae, maxillary eminence. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial femoral tuberosity | The epicondylus located proximal to the medial condyle. Synonym: epicondylus medialis ossis femoris, medial femoral tuberosity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial process of calcaneal tuberosity | The medial projection from the posterior part of the calcaneus. Synonym: processus medialis tuberis calcanei. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gluteal tuberosity | The point of insertion on the upper portion of the shaft of the femur of the greater part of the gluteus maximus muscle; when markedly developed this tuberosity is called the third trochanter. Synonym: trochanter tertius, tuberositas glutea, crista glutea, gluteal crest, gluteal ridge. (05 Mar 2000) |