| 영문 | facial nerve | 한글 | 얼굴신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 표정근을 지배하는 큰 운동신경과 작은 중간신경으로 구성된다. 좁은 의미의 얼굴신경과 중간신경으로 이루어지는 혼합신경이다. 속귀신경과 함께 속귓길로 들어가고 그 바닥에서 속귀신경과 갈라져 얼굴신경관으로 들어가, 거의 직각으로 구부러지는 부분을 얼굴신경무릎이라 하며, 여기에 무릎신경마디가 있다. |
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| 영문 | sural nerve | 한글 | 장딴지신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 안쪽장딴지피부신경 및 온장딴지신경의 교통지에서 시작하여 가쪽배쪽피부신경 및 가쪽발꿈치가지의 가지를 낸다. 넙다리 등쪽의 피부, 발꿈치와 발의 가쪽의 피부 및 관절에 분포하며, 일반 감각성 기능을 한다. |
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| 영문 | spinal nerve | 한글 | 척수신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 척수의 앞뿔에서 출발하는 운동신경과 뒷뿔으로 들어오는 감각신경이 합쳐서 형성되는 신경으로서 총 31쌍이 존재함. 목뼈신경이 8쌍, 자등뼈신경이 12쌍, 허리뼈의 신경이 5쌍, 엉치뼈의 6쌍을 이룸. |
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| 영문 | auditory nerve | 한글 | 청신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 귀에서 감지된 청각의 신호를 대뇌로 보내는 역할을 하는 신경. 달팽이신경라고 불리기도 한다. 그것은 소리를 전기적 신호로 바꾸어 신경으로 전달해 주는 달팽이의 집같이 생긴 기관을 달팽이라고 부르기 때문이다.  |
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| IOFB | intraocular foreign body |
|---|---|
| IOL | induction of labor; intraocular lens |
| IOP | improving organizational performance; intraocular pressure |
| ITR | intraocular tension recorder; intratracheal |
| T + 1, T + 2, T + 3 | first, second, and third stages of increased intraocular tension |
| optic nerve glioma | <radiology> F = M, child / young adult (75% less than 10 yrs, 90% less than 20 yrs), fusiform, isodense mass, with or without enhancement, rarely calcified associated with neurofibromatosis Cf: optic nerve meningioma (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| optic nerve head | The portion of the optic nerve seen in the fundus with the ophthalmoscope. It is formed by the meeting of all the retinal ganglion cell axons as they enter the optic nerve. Because the retina at the optic disk has no photoreceptors there is a corresponding blind spot in the visual field. (12 Dec 1998) |
| optic nerve hypoplasia | Congenitally small optic disk resulting from failure of development of retinal ganglion cells, with a reduced number of axons; visual impairment may be marked. See: de Morsier's syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| optic nerve meningioma | <radiology> Female (80%), middle age, (24% occur before 10 yrs, but are associated with neurofibromatosis), tubular, hyperdense mass, intense tramtrack enhancement, ** Cf: optic nerve glioma (12 Dec 1998) |
| optic nerve sheath decompression | A venting of the optic nerve sheath into the retrobulbar space, by slitting or by fenestrating the sheath. See: optic nerve sheath fenestration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| optic nerve sheath fenestration | The cutting of a window in the dura of the optic nerve sheath to relieve papilledema and prevent further loss of optic nerve fibres. (05 Mar 2000) |
| external sheath of optic nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The outer sheath around the optic nerve, continuous with the dura mater. Synonym: vagina externa nervi optici, dural sheath of optic nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vagal part of accessory nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The roots of the accessory nerve which arise from the medulla; the nerve fibres of the cranial root join the intracranial portion of the vagus nerve and are distributed to the pharyngeal plexus, providing the motor innervation of the soft palate (except the tensor veli palati) and the pharynx. Synonym: pars vagalis nervi accessorii, radices craniales, accessory portion of spinal accessory nerve, cranial roots, vagal part of accessory nerve, vagal part. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vestibular part of vestibulocochlear nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The vestibular part of the acoustic (8th cranial) nerve. The vestibular nerve fibres arise from neurons of scarpa's ganglion and project peripherally to vestibular hair cells and centrally to the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. These fibres mediate the sense of balance and head position. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cochlear part of vestibulocochlear nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The cochlear part of the acoustic (8th cranial) nerve. The cochlear nerve fibres originate from neurons of the spiral ganglion and project peripherally to cochlear hair cells and centrally to the cochlear nuclei of the brainstem. They mediate the sense of hearing. (12 Dec 1998) |
| spinal part of accessory nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Originates from the upper five or six cervical spinal segments, emerges from the lateral surface of the spinal cord and ascends through the foramen magnum to join the cranial root. Synonym: radices spinales nervi accessorii, ramus externus nervi accessorii, pars spinalis nervi accessorii, spinal part of accessory nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior part of vestibulocochlear nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The vestibular part of the acoustic (8th cranial) nerve. The vestibular nerve fibres arise from neurons of scarpa's ganglion and project peripherally to vestibular hair cells and centrally to the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. These fibres mediate the sense of balance and head position. (12 Dec 1998) |
| inferior part of vestibulocochlear nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The cochlear part of the acoustic (8th cranial) nerve. The cochlear nerve fibres originate from neurons of the spiral ganglion and project peripherally to cochlear hair cells and centrally to the cochlear nuclei of the brainstem. They mediate the sense of hearing. (12 Dec 1998) |
| communicating branches of auriculotemporal nerve to facial nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Branches conveying fibres from the auriculotemporal nerve to the facial nerve. Synonym: rami communicantes nervi auriculotemporalis cum nervo faciali. (05 Mar 2000) |
| communicating branches of lingual nerve to hypoglossal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Communicating branches between the lingual nerve (from mandibular nerve) and hypoglossal nerve forming a plexus on the hypoglossus muscle. Synonym: rami communicantes nervi lingualis cum nervo hypoglosso. (05 Mar 2000) |