| phosphatidic acid | <biochemistry> The parent structure for phosphatidyl phospholipids, present in low concentrations in membranes. The acyl groups are derived from long chain fatty acids. An intermediate in the synthesis of diacyl glycerol, the immediate precursor of most of the phosphatidyl phospholipids (except phosphatidyl inositol) and of triacyl glycerols. (31 Dec 1997) |
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| phosphatidic acid kinase | <enzyme> Plant enzyme which converts phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol pyrophosphate Registry number: EC 2.7.4.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| phosphatidic acids | Fatty acid derivatives of glycerophosphates. They are composed of glycerol bound in ester linkage with 1 mole of phosphoric acid at the terminal 3-hydroxyl group and with 2 moles of fatty acids at the other two hydroxyl groups. (12 Dec 1998) |
| phosphatidolipase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a lecithin to a lysolecithin by removing the 2-acyl group; also acts on other phospholipids by removing a fatty acid from the 2-position; this enzyme has an important role in prostaglandin and leukotriene biosynthesis. Synonym: lecithinase A, phosphatidase, phosphatidolipase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phosphatidyl | The radical of a phosphatidic acid; e.g., phosphatidylcholine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phosphatidylcholine | <biochemistry> The major phospholipid of most mammalian cell membranes where the 1 acyl residue is normally saturated and the 2 acyl residue unsaturated. Choline is attached to phosphatidic acid by a phosphodiester linkage. Major synthetic route is from diacyl glycerol and CDP choline. Forms monolayers at an air water interface and forms bilayer structures (liposomes) if dispersed in aqueous medium. A zwitterion over a wide pH range. Readily hydrolysed in dilute alkali. (31 Dec 1997) |
| phosphatidylcholine-ceramide phosphocholine transferase | <enzyme> Cdpcholine is not a donor; imvolved in sphingomyelin synthesis Registry number: EC 2.7.8.- Synonym: pc-cer-pch transferase, sphingomyelin synthase (26 Jun 1999) |
| phosphatidylcholine-sterol o-acyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme secreted from the liver into the plasma of many mammalian species. It catalyses the esterification of the hydroxyl group of lipoprotein cholesterol by the transfer of a fatty acid from the c-2 position of lecithin. In familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency disease, the absence of the enzyme results in an excess of unesterified cholesterol in plasma. Chemical name: Phosphatidylcholine:sterol O-acyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.3.1.43 (12 Dec 1998) |
| phosphatidylcholines | <biochemistry> Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a choline moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline and 2 moles of fatty acids. (12 Dec 1998) |
| phosphatidylethanolamine | <biochemistry> A major structural phospholipid in mammalian systems. Tends to be more abundant than phosphatidylcholine in the internal membranes of the cell and is an abundant component of prokaryotic membranes. Ethanolamine is attached to phosphatidic acid by a phosphodiester linkage. Synthesis from diacyl glycerol and CDP-ethanolamine. The condensation product of a phosphatidic acid and ethanolamine; found in biomembranes. See: cephalin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phosphatidylethanolamine cytidylyltransferase | <enzyme> A key enzyme in the biosynthesis of cephaline. It catalyses the reaction of phosphoethanolamine and CTP to form CDP-ethanolamine and pyrophosphate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phosphatidylethanolamine N-acyltransferase | <enzyme> Transfers acyl groups from sn-1 position of membrane phospholipids to the amino group of ethanolamine phospholipids Registry number: EC 2.3.1- Synonym: penatfase, n-acylphosphatidylethanolamine synthase, nape synthase (26 Jun 1999) |
| phosphatidylethanolamine-ceramide phosphoethanolamine transferase | <enzyme> Cdpethanolamine is not a donor; involved in sphingomyelin synthesis Registry number: EC 2.7.8.- Synonym: pe-cer-pet transferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| phosphatidylethanolamine-dolichol acyltransferase | <enzyme> Forms dolichyl oleate from dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: pe - dolichol acyltransferase, dolichol acyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| phosphatidylethanolamines | <biochemistry> Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to an ethanolamine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and ethanolamine and 2 moles of fatty acids. (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : Cholesterol Ester Lysolecithin Acyltransferase, Phosophatidylcholine-Sterol Acyltransferase, Acyltransferase, Lecithin, Acyltransferase, Lecithin Cholesterol, Acyltransferase, Phosophatidylcholine-Sterol, Cholesterol Acyltransferase, Lecithin
Synonyms : Choline Glycerophospholipids, Lecithin, Phosphatidylcholine, Glycerophospholipids, Choline, Phosphoglycerides, Choline
Synonyms : HCNP Precursor Protein, Hippocampal Cholinergic Neurostimulating Peptide Precursor, Phosphatidylethanolamine-Binding Protein, Raf Kinase Inhibitor Protein
Synonyms : Cephalin N-Methyltransferase, PHET Methyltransferase II, Phosphatidylethanolamine Methyltransferase, Phosphatidylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase-2, Phosphatidylethanolamine-Methyltransferase II, Phospholipid Methyltransferase II, Methyltransferase II, PHET
Synonyms : Ethanolamineglycerophospholipids, Phosphoglycerides, Ethanolamine
| phosphorescence |
a fluorescence that persists after the bombarding radiation has ceased
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| phosphorous acid |
hypophosphorous acid: a clear or yellow monobasic acid (H3PO2)
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| phosphorus |
a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms morning star: a planet (usually Venus) seen just before sunrise in the eastern sky
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| phosgene |
a colorless poisonous gas that smells like new-mown hay; used in chemical warfare
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| phosphatase |
any of a group of enzymes that act as a catalyst in the hydrolysis of organic phosphates
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