| LECP | low-energy charged particle |
|---|---|
| LPA | latex particle agglutination; left pulmonary artery; lysophosphatidic acid |
| MIOP | magnetic iron oxide particle |
| PCFIA | particle concentration of fluorescence immunoassay |
| PIXE | particle-induced x-ray emission; proton-induced x-ray emission |
| cell electrophoresis | <technique> A method for estimating the surface charge of a cell by looking at its rate of movement in an electrical field. Almost all eukaryotic cells have a net negative surface charge. Measurement is complicated by the streaming potential at the wall of the chamber itself and by the fact that the cell is surrounded by a layer of fluid (see double layer). The electrical potential measured (the zeta potential) is actually some distance away from the plasma membrane. One of the more useful modifications is to systematically vary the pH of the suspension fluid to determine the pK of the charged groups responsible (mostly carboxyl groups of sialic acid). (26 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| multi locus enzyme electrophoresis | Inhibition of translation of the transcript of a transposase gene by a multicopy plasmid with suitable inhibitory gene. The plasmid inhibits transposition events in the host bacterium. (18 Nov 1997) |
| polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis | Analytical and separative technique in which molecules, particularly proteins, are separated by their different electrophoretic mobilities in a hydrated gel. The gel suppresses convective mixing of the fluid phase through which the electrophoresis takes place and contributes molecular sieving. Commonly carried out in the presence of the anionic detergent sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS). SDS denatures proteins so that noncovalently associating sub unit polypeptides migrate independently and by binding to the proteins confers a net negative charge roughly proportional to the chain weight. See: SDS PAGE. (21 Jun 1999) |
| haemoglobin electrophoresis | <investigation> A special diagnostic procedure which identifies abnormal haemoglobin proteins by the way they migrate in an electric field (electrophoresis). The electric field is used to separate haemoglobin proteins from each other and allow the identification of different components. This can be used to diagnose thalassaemia, sickle cell disease and haemoglobin C disease. (18 Nov 1997) |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis | Gel electrophoresis in which, after electrophoretic migration has begun, the current is briefly stopped and reapplied in a different orientation; allows for the purification of long DNA molecules. Synonym: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pulse field electrophoresis | <investigation> A method used for high resolution electrophoretic separation of very large (megabase) fragments of DNA. Electric fields 100 |
| pulse-field gel electrophoresis | Gel electrophoresis in which, after electrophoretic migration has begun, the current is briefly stopped and reapplied in a different orientation; allows for the purification of long DNA molecules. Synonym: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| serum immunoglobulin electrophoresis | A test that detects and measures the various immunoglobulins in the blood. In the normal assay no monoclonal antibodies are detected. In multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia a single clone of lymphocytes can produce one type of immunoglobulin that is detected in the electrophoresis as monoclonal (made by one cell clone). (27 Sep 1997) |
| disc electrophoresis | Short for discontinuous electrophoresis, it is a type of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This electrophoresis method uses gels of two different concentrations of polyacrylamide (a synthetic polymer), the one of lower concentration stacked on top of the one with higher concentration, in order to better resolve bands of whatever is being separated (DNA, RNA, or protein) that would otherwise be very close together. (09 Oct 1997) |
| immunoglobulin electrophoresis | <immunology, investigation> A test that detects and measures the various immunoglobulins in the blood. In the normal assay no monoclonal antibodies are detected but in multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia a single clone of lymphocytes can produce one type of immunoglobulin that is detected in the electrophoresis as monoclonal (made by one cell clone). (30 Mar 1998) |
| isoenzyme electrophoresis | Electrophoretic separation of serum enzymes; separation of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase is commonly used for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| thin-layer electrophoresis | Electrophoretic migrations (separations) through a thin layer of inert material, such as cellulose, supported on a glass or plastic plate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Tiselius electrophoresis cell | The special container in a Tiselius apparatus containing the solution to be analyzed electrophoretically. (05 Mar 2000) |
| electrophoresis | <technique> Separation of ionic molecules, (principally proteins) by the differential migration through a gel according to the size and ionic charge of the molecules in an electrical field. High resolution techniques normally use a gel support for the fluid phase. Examples of gels used are starch, acrylamide, agarose or mixtures of acrylamide and agarose. Frictional resistance produced by the support causes size, rather than charge alone, to become the major determinant of separation. Smaller molecules with a more negative charge will travel faster and further through the gel toward the anode of an electrophoretic cell when high voltage is applied. Similar molecules will group on the gel. They may be visualised by staining and quantitated, in relative terms, using densitometers which continuously monitor the photometric density of the resulting stain. The electrolyte may be continuous (a single buffer) or discontinuous, where a sample is stacked by means of a buffer discontinuity, before it enters the running gel/ running buffer. The gel may be a single concentration or gradient in which pore size decreases with migration distance. In SDS gel electrophoresis of proteins or electrophoresis of polynucleotides, mobility depends primarily on size and is used to determined molecular weight. In pulse field electrophoresis, two fields are applied alternately at right angles to each other to minimise diffusion mediated spread of large linear polymers. See: electrofocussing, pulse field electrophoresis (01 Dec 1998) |
| electrophoresis, agar gel | Electrophoresis in which agar or agarose gel is used as the diffusion medium. (12 Dec 1998) |