| 영문 | facial nerve | 한글 | 얼굴신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 표정근을 지배하는 큰 운동신경과 작은 중간신경으로 구성된다. 좁은 의미의 얼굴신경과 중간신경으로 이루어지는 혼합신경이다. 속귀신경과 함께 속귓길로 들어가고 그 바닥에서 속귀신경과 갈라져 얼굴신경관으로 들어가, 거의 직각으로 구부러지는 부분을 얼굴신경무릎이라 하며, 여기에 무릎신경마디가 있다. |
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| 영문 | sural nerve | 한글 | 장딴지신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 안쪽장딴지피부신경 및 온장딴지신경의 교통지에서 시작하여 가쪽배쪽피부신경 및 가쪽발꿈치가지의 가지를 낸다. 넙다리 등쪽의 피부, 발꿈치와 발의 가쪽의 피부 및 관절에 분포하며, 일반 감각성 기능을 한다. |
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| 영문 | spinal nerve | 한글 | 척수신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 척수의 앞뿔에서 출발하는 운동신경과 뒷뿔으로 들어오는 감각신경이 합쳐서 형성되는 신경으로서 총 31쌍이 존재함. 목뼈신경이 8쌍, 자등뼈신경이 12쌍, 허리뼈의 신경이 5쌍, 엉치뼈의 6쌍을 이룸. |
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| 영문 | auditory nerve | 한글 | 청신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 귀에서 감지된 청각의 신호를 대뇌로 보내는 역할을 하는 신경. 달팽이신경라고 불리기도 한다. 그것은 소리를 전기적 신호로 바꾸어 신경으로 전달해 주는 달팽이의 집같이 생긴 기관을 달팽이라고 부르기 때문이다.  |
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| OMP | olfactory marker protein; ornithine monophosphate; outer membrane protein |
|---|---|
| OP | occipitoparietal; occipitoposterior; occiput posterior; octapeptide; olfactory peduncle; opening pre... |
| ORS | olfactory reference syndrome; oral rehydration solution; oral surgery, oral surgeon; Orthopaedic Res... |
| OT | objective test; oblique talus; occlusion time; occupational therapist, occupational therapy; ocular ... |
| OTU | olfactory tubercle; operational taxonomic unit |
| olfactory placodes | Paired ectodermal placode's which come to lie in the bottom of the olfactory pits as the pits are deepened by the growth of the surrounding medial and lateral nasal processes. Synonym: nasal placodes. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| olfactory pyramid | A small area of gray matter situated between the roots of the olfactory tracts; it is continuous caudally with the anterior perforated substance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory receptor cells | Very slender nerve cell's, with large nuclei and surmounted by six to eight long, sensitive cilia in the olfactory epithelium at the roof of the nose; they are the receptors for smell. Synonym: olfactory cells, Schultze's cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory receptor neurons | Neurons in the olfactory epithelium with proteins (receptors, odourant) that bind, and thus detect, odourants. Olfactory receptor neurons are bipolar. They send to the surface of the epithelium apical dendrites with non-motile cilia from which project odourant receptor molecules. Their unmyelinated axons synapse in the olfactory bulb of the brain. Unlike other neurons, they can be generated from precursor cells in adults. (12 Dec 1998) |
| olfactory region of tunica mucosa of nose | The specialised olfactory receptive area that includes the upper one-third of the nasal septum and the lateral wall above the superior concha; it is lined with olfactory mucosa. Synonym: regio olfactoria tunicae mucosae nasi, olfactory region of tunica mucosa of nose, Schultze's membrane. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory roots | Three distinct fibre bands (stria medialis, stria intermedia, stria lateralis) that caudally extend the olfactory tract beyond its attachment to the olfactory trigone. The medial stria curves dorsally into the tenia tecta; the intermediate, often barely visible, extends straight back and terminates in the olfactory tubercle; the lateral olfactory stria, the largest of the three, passes along the lateral side of the olfactory tubercle, curving laterally as far as the limen insulae, then sharply medially to reach the uncus of the parahippocampal gyrus where it terminates in the plexiform layer of the olfactory cortex. See: medial longitudinal stria. Synonym: striae olfactoriae, olfactory roots. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory striae | Three distinct fibre bands (stria medialis, stria intermedia, stria lateralis) that caudally extend the olfactory tract beyond its attachment to the olfactory trigone. The medial stria curves dorsally into the tenia tecta; the intermediate, often barely visible, extends straight back and terminates in the olfactory tubercle; the lateral olfactory stria, the largest of the three, passes along the lateral side of the olfactory tubercle, curving laterally as far as the limen insulae, then sharply medially to reach the uncus of the parahippocampal gyrus where it terminates in the plexiform layer of the olfactory cortex. See: medial longitudinal stria. Synonym: striae olfactoriae, olfactory roots. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory sulcus | The sagittal sulcus on the inferior or orbital surface of each frontal lobe of the cerebrum, demarcating the straight gyrus from the orbital gyri, and covered on the orbital surface by the olfactory bulb and tract. Synonym: sulcus olfactorius, olfactory groove. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory sulcus of nasal cavity | The narrow groove in the nasal cavity above the agger nasi that leads from the atrium to the olfactory area. Synonym: sulcus olfactorius cavum nasi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory tract | A nervelike, white band composed primarily of nerve fibres originating from the mitral cells and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb but also containing the scattered cells of the anterior olfactory nucleus. The tract is closely applied to the ventral surface of the frontal lobe, and attaches itself to the base of the cerebral hemisphere at the olfactory trigone, beyond which it extends in the form of the olfactory striae which distribute their fibres to the olfactory tubercle and, in largest number, to the olfactory cortex on and around the uncus of the parahippocampal gyrus. See: olfactory nerves. Synonym: tractus olfactorius, olfactory peduncle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory trigone | A grayish triangular area corresponding to the attachment of the olfactory peduncle ("olfactory nerve" or olfactory tract) to the base of the brain, at the anterior border of the anterior perforated substance. Synonym: trigonum olfactorium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| olfactory tubercle | A small, oval area at the base of the cerebral hemisphere, between the diverging medial and lateral olfactory striae, in the anteromedial part of the anterior perforated substance; it is formed by a small area of allocortex characterised by the presence of the islands of Calleja. Corresponding to a much more prominent structure in nonprimate mammals (especially rodents and insectivores), the olfactory tubercle receives fibres from the olfactory bulb by way of the intermediate olfactory stria; it has efferent connections with the hypothalamus and the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus. Synonym: tuberculum olfactorium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| communicating branches of auriculotemporal nerve to facial nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Branches conveying fibres from the auriculotemporal nerve to the facial nerve. Synonym: rami communicantes nervi auriculotemporalis cum nervo faciali. (05 Mar 2000) |
| communicating branches of lingual nerve to hypoglossal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Communicating branches between the lingual nerve (from mandibular nerve) and hypoglossal nerve forming a plexus on the hypoglossus muscle. Synonym: rami communicantes nervi lingualis cum nervo hypoglosso. (05 Mar 2000) |
| communicating branch of facial nerve with glossopharyngeal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A small branch from the digastric branch of the facial nerve to the glossopharyngeal nerve. Synonym: ramus communicans cum nervo glossopharyngeo, Haller's ansa. (05 Mar 2000) |