| AACPDM | American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine |
|---|---|
| BDG | buccal developmental groove; buffered desoxycholate glucose |
| CDEC | Comprehensive Developmental Evaluation Chart |
| CDG | central developmental groove |
| DA | dark adaptation; dark agouti [rat]; daunomycin; degenerative arthritis; delayed action; Dental Assis... |
pervasive developmental disorder
| developmental milestones | <paediatrics> (1-3 years) In ascending order: masters walking, recognises gender differences, uses up to 8 words and understands simple commands, able to run, pivot and walk backwards, uses spoon to feed self, can name pictures of common objects, can point to body parts, imitates speech of others, begins pedaling tricycle, learns to take turns in play with other children, able to feed self neatly with minimal spill, able to say first and last name, able to draw a line when shown, dresses self with minimal help, learns to share toys without parent direction (12-18 years) In ascending order: boys exhibit secondary sexual characteristics (chest, facial, axillary and pubic hair growth voice changes, penile enlargement), movement into adult height/weight category, cognitive abilities move from simply concrete to abstract, peer acceptance and recognition is vital (3-6 years) In ascending order: rides tricycle well, able to draw a circle, able to draw stick figures, hops on one foot, catches a bounced ball, understands size concepts, enjoys rhymes and word play, able to skip, increased independence in performing tasks without parental assistance, begins to ride bicycle, understands time concepts, begins to recognise written words, starts reading skills, starts school (6-12 years) In ascending order: understands and is able to follow sequential directions, beginning skills for team sports, begins to lose baby teeth and erupt permanent teeth, reading skills develop further, peer recognition becomes important, girls begin to demonstrate secondary sexual characteristics (pubic hair, axillary hair, breast development), first menstrual period may occur (birth-1 year) In ascending order: displays social smile, rolls over by self, able to sit alone without support, babbling, plays peek-a-boo, eruption of first tooth, pulls self to standing position, walks while holding on to furniture or other support, says mama or dada in proper situations, able to drink from cup, understands NO and will stop activity in response, walks without support (27 Sep 1997) |
|---|---|
| developmental psychology | The study of the psychological, physiological, and behavioural changes in an organism that occur from birth to old age. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adrenal cyst | <radiology> Same characteristics as renal cysts, but less common, thick wall, septations, calcifications suggests pseudocyst (12 Dec 1998) |
| adventitious cyst | 1. An accumulation of fluid in a cystlike loculus, but without an epithelial or other membranous lining. Synonym: adventitious cyst, false cyst. 2. A cyst whose wall is formed by a host cell and not by a parasite. 3. A mass of 50 or more Toxoplasma bradyzoites, found within a host cell, frequently in the brain; formerly called a pseudocyst, but now considered a true cyst enclosed in its own membrane within the host cell that may rupture to release particles that form new cysts, and apparently is infective to another vertebrate host. See: bradyzoite. Origin: pseudo-+ G. Kystis, bladder (05 Mar 2000) |
| allantoic cyst | Cyst occurring in a persistent portion of the urachus, presenting as an extraperitoneal mass in the umbilical region. It is characterised by abdominal pain, and fever if infected. It may rupture, leading to peritonitis, or it may drain through the umbilicus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| alveolar hydatid cyst | A hydatid cyst of a multiloculate type, usually in the liver, caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, adults of which are in foxes; larvae (alveolar hydatid) are found chiefly in microtine rodents, but also among humans such as trappers and others handling pelts of infected foxes and other carnivores; growth is by exogenous budding and is not limited by an outer laminated membrane as in the hydatid cyst from E. Granulosus; necrosis, cavitation, contiguous spread, and death usually ensue. Synonym: multilocular hydatid cyst, multiloculate hydatid cyst. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aneurysmal bone cyst | <radiology> ABC, 10 - 30 yrs, 75% before skeletal maturity, sites: long bones; also, flat bones Findings: metaphyseal if unfused, metaepiphyseal after fusion, lytic, expansile, thin, continuous rim, thin internal bony strands (12 Dec 1998) |
| angioblastic cyst | Mesenchymal tissue capable of forming blood in the embryo. (05 Mar 2000) |
| apical periodontal cyst | An inflammatory odontogenic cyst derived histogenetically from Malassez' epithelial rests surrounding the root apex of a nonvital tooth. Synonym: periapical cyst, radicular cyst, root end cyst. (05 Mar 2000) |
| apoplectic cyst | A pseudocyst formed of extravasated blood as in a stroke. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arachnoid cyst | A fluid-filled cyst lined with arachnoid membrane, frequently situated near the lateral aspect of the fissure of Sylvius; usually congenital in origin. Synonym: leptomeningeal cyst. (05 Mar 2000) |
| baker cyst | <radiology> Bursal fluid collection between: medial head of gastrocnemius muscle and, semimembranosus tendon, associated with knee injury, may contain osteocartilaginous fragments (12 Dec 1998) |
| Baker's cyst | <rheumatology> A synovial cyst or pouch that occurs in the synovial lining of the knee. Presents in the popliteal fossa (are behind the knee). Synovial fluid escapes from the knee joint and into the cyst in individuals who suffer from degenerative and other joint disease. Typically these cysts are not painful unless swelling is extensive. Aspiration of the cyst is therapeutic only temporarily since recurrence is common. most disappear spontaneously after several years. Larger cysts can be removed surgically. Rupture of a Baker's cyst can present with painless and swelling to the calf. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Bartholin's cyst | A cyst arising from the major vestibular gland or its ducts. (05 Mar 2000) |
| benign ear cyst | A disorder where there are noncancerous lumps or growths within the ear canal or on the pinna of the ear (external ear). most lumps are sebaceous cysts but some are bony overgrowths known as exostoses (or osteomas). If large enough they may interfere with hearing. In this case surgical removal may be required. (27 Sep 1997) |