| ND | Doctor of Naturopathy; nasal deformity; natural death; Naval Dispensary; neonatal death; neoplastic ... |
|---|---|
| NHS | Nance-Horan syndrome; National Health Service; National Hospice Study; normal horse serum; normal hu... |
| NLP | no light perception; nodular liquefying panniculitis; normal light perception; normal luteal phase |
| NP | nasopharynx, nasopharyngeal; near point; necrotizing pancreatitis; neonatal-perinatal; neuritic plag... |
| NR | do not repeat [Lat. non repetatur]; nerve root; neural retina; neutral red; noise reduction; nonreac... |
| normal toxin | A toxin solution holding exactly 100 lethal doses in 1 ml. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| normal values | A set of laboratory test value's used to characterise apparently healthy individuals; now replaced by reference value's. (05 Mar 2000) |
| all-trans-retinal | The orange retinaldehyde resulting from the action of light on the rhodopsin of the retina, which converts the 11-cis-retinal component of the rhodopsin to all-trans-retinal plus opsin. Synonym: trans-retinal, visual yellow. (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood-retinal barrier | Specialised nonfenestrated tightly-joined endothelial cells that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the retinal capillaries and the retinal tissue. (12 Dec 1998) |
| central retinal artery occlusion | <ophthalmology> The sudden blockage of the retinal artery with a blood clot that commonly leads to a painless but irreversible blindness in that eye. (12 Jan 1998) |
| central retinal fovea | A depression in the centre of the macula retinae containing only cones and lacking blood vessels. Synonym: fovea centralis retinae, central pit. (05 Mar 2000) |
| central retinal vein occlusion | <ophthalmology> The sudden blockage of the retinal vein with blood clot that commonly leads to a painless irreversible blindness in that eye. (12 Jan 1998) |
| retinal | 1. <anatomy> Pertaining to the retina. 2. <biochemistry> The aldehyde of retinol, derived by the oxidative enzymatic splitting of absorbed dietary carotene and having vitamin A activity. In the retina, retinal combines with opsins to form visual pigments. One isomer, 11 cis retinal combines with opsin in the rods (scotopsin) to form rhodopsin or visual purple. Another, all trans retinal (trans r.), visual yellow, xanthopsin) results from the bleaching of rhodopsin by light, in which the 11 cis form is converted to the all trans form. Retinal also combines with opsins in the cones (photopsins) to form the three pigments responsible for colour vision. (18 Nov 1997) |
| retinal adaptation | Adjustment to degree of illumination. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinal anlage tumour | A benign neoplasm of neuroectodermal origin that most often involves the anterior maxilla of infants in the first year of life. It presents clinically as a rapidly growing blue-black lesion producing a destructive radiolucency; histologically, it is characterised by small round undifferentiated tumour cells interspersed with larger polyhedral melanin-producing cells arranged in an alveolar configuration. Synonym: melanoameloblastoma, pigmented ameloblastoma, pigmented epulis, progonoma of jaw, retinal anlage tumour. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinal artery | <anatomy, artery> Central retinal artery and its branches. It arises from the ophthalmic artery, pierces the optic nerve and runs through its centre, enters the eye through the porus opticus and branches to supply the retina. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retinal artery occlusion | Occlusion or closure of the central retinal artery causing sudden, usually nearly complete, loss of vision in one eye. Occlusion of the branch retinal artery causes sudden visual loss in only a portion of the visual field. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retinal blood vessels | The blood vasculature of the retina, including the branches and tributaries of the central retinal artery and vein, respectively, and the vascular circle of the optic nerve. Synonym: vasa sanguinea retinae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinal camera | An instrument for photographing the ocular fundus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinal cone | <ophthalmology, physiology> One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the vertebrate retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, and are differentially sensitive to particular wavelengths of light and therefore important for colour vision. They provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and it is the combination of signals from cones with different pigments that facilitates colour vision. There are three types of cones, each type sensitive to red, green or blue. Present in large numbers in the fovea. (03 Jul 1999) |