| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
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| 영문 | facial nerve | 한글 | 얼굴신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 표정근을 지배하는 큰 운동신경과 작은 중간신경으로 구성된다. 좁은 의미의 얼굴신경과 중간신경으로 이루어지는 혼합신경이다. 속귀신경과 함께 속귓길로 들어가고 그 바닥에서 속귀신경과 갈라져 얼굴신경관으로 들어가, 거의 직각으로 구부러지는 부분을 얼굴신경무릎이라 하며, 여기에 무릎신경마디가 있다. |
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| 영문 | sural nerve | 한글 | 장딴지신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 안쪽장딴지피부신경 및 온장딴지신경의 교통지에서 시작하여 가쪽배쪽피부신경 및 가쪽발꿈치가지의 가지를 낸다. 넙다리 등쪽의 피부, 발꿈치와 발의 가쪽의 피부 및 관절에 분포하며, 일반 감각성 기능을 한다. |
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| 영문 | spinal nerve | 한글 | 척수신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 척수의 앞뿔에서 출발하는 운동신경과 뒷뿔으로 들어오는 감각신경이 합쳐서 형성되는 신경으로서 총 31쌍이 존재함. 목뼈신경이 8쌍, 자등뼈신경이 12쌍, 허리뼈의 신경이 5쌍, 엉치뼈의 6쌍을 이룸. |
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| 영문 | auditory nerve | 한글 | 청신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 귀에서 감지된 청각의 신호를 대뇌로 보내는 역할을 하는 신경. 달팽이신경라고 불리기도 한다. 그것은 소리를 전기적 신호로 바꾸어 신경으로 전달해 주는 달팽이의 집같이 생긴 기관을 달팽이라고 부르기 때문이다.  |
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| PF1-4 | platelet factors 1 to 4 |
|---|---|
| PQRST | provocative and palliative factors, quality of pain, radiation of pain, severity of pain, timing of ... |
| PULSES | physical condition, upper limb function, lower limb function, sensory component, excretory function,... |
| CSN | cardiac sympathetic nerve; carotid sinus nerve |
| NE | national emergency; necrotic enteritis; necrotizing enterocolitis; nephropathia epidemica; nerve end... |
| peptide termination factors | Proteins that are exclusively involved in the termination reactions of protein synthesis on the ribosome. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| C factors | Proteins that restore phosphorylating ability to mitochondria that have lost it, i.e., have become "uncoupled" so that oxidation and electron transport no longer produces ATP. Usually termed coupling factor F1, F2, etc. Synonym: C factors. (05 Mar 2000) |
| r factors | A class of plasmids that transfer antibiotic resistance from one bacterium to another by conjugation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| rheumatoid factors | Antibodies in the serum of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis that react with antigenic determinants or immunoglobulins that enhance agglutination of suspended particles coated with pooled human gamma-globulin. Rheumatoid factors also occur in other autoimmune and certain infectious diseases. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chemotactic factors | Chemical substances that attract or repel cells or organisms. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract leukocytes, macrophages, or other cells to the site of infection or insult. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chemotactic factors, eosinophil | Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract eosinophils; they may be complement fragments, lymphokines, neutrophil products, histamine or other; the best known is the tetrapeptide ecf-a, released mainly by mast cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chemotactic factors, macrophage | Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract macrophages. They may be lymphokines, products of antigen, antibody and complement interactions or other. (12 Dec 1998) |
| risk factors | An aspect of personal behaviour or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent. (12 Dec 1998) |
| meteorological factors | The atmospheric phenomena which pertain to climate and weather. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clearing factors | Lipoprotein lipases that appear in plasma during lipaemia and catalyze hydrolysis of triglycerides only when the latter are bound to protein and when an acceptor (e.g., serum albumin) is present, thus "clearing" the plasma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| colicin factors | Plasmids determining the potentiality of a bacterium to produce colicins. They are cytoplasmic elements whose integration into the bacterial chromosome has not been demonstrated except for the col b and col v factors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| colonisation factors | <microbiology> The pili on enteropathogenic forms of E. Coli facilitate adhesion of the bacteria to receptors (probably GM1 gangliosides) on gut epithelial cells and are often referred to as colonisation or adherence factors. Colonisation factor antigens may be plasmid coded, are essential for pathogenicity and are strain specific, for example K88 diarrhoea in piglets), CFAI and CFAII on strains causing similar disease in man. (18 Nov 1997) |
| cord factors | Trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate. A toxic glycolipid of mycobacterium tuberculosis. Induces cellular biochemical disfunction in animals; used as immunoadjuvant. (12 Dec 1998) |
| myogenic regulatory factors | A family of muscle-specific transcription factors which bind to DNA in control regions and thus regulate myogenesis. All members of this family contain a conserved helix-loop-helix motif which is homologous to the myc family proteins. These factors are only found in skeletal muscle. Members include the myod protein (myod protein), myogenin, myf-5, and myf-6 (also called mrf4 or herculin). (12 Dec 1998) |
| coupling factors | Proteins that restore phosphorylating ability to mitochondria that have lost it, i.e., have become "uncoupled" so that oxidation and electron transport no longer produces ATP. Usually termed coupling factor F1, F2, etc. Synonym: C factors. (05 Mar 2000) |