| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
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| 영문 | facial nerve | 한글 | 얼굴신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 표정근을 지배하는 큰 운동신경과 작은 중간신경으로 구성된다. 좁은 의미의 얼굴신경과 중간신경으로 이루어지는 혼합신경이다. 속귀신경과 함께 속귓길로 들어가고 그 바닥에서 속귀신경과 갈라져 얼굴신경관으로 들어가, 거의 직각으로 구부러지는 부분을 얼굴신경무릎이라 하며, 여기에 무릎신경마디가 있다. |
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| 영문 | sural nerve | 한글 | 장딴지신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 안쪽장딴지피부신경 및 온장딴지신경의 교통지에서 시작하여 가쪽배쪽피부신경 및 가쪽발꿈치가지의 가지를 낸다. 넙다리 등쪽의 피부, 발꿈치와 발의 가쪽의 피부 및 관절에 분포하며, 일반 감각성 기능을 한다. |
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| 영문 | spinal nerve | 한글 | 척수신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 척수의 앞뿔에서 출발하는 운동신경과 뒷뿔으로 들어오는 감각신경이 합쳐서 형성되는 신경으로서 총 31쌍이 존재함. 목뼈신경이 8쌍, 자등뼈신경이 12쌍, 허리뼈의 신경이 5쌍, 엉치뼈의 6쌍을 이룸. |
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| 영문 | auditory nerve | 한글 | 청신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 귀에서 감지된 청각의 신호를 대뇌로 보내는 역할을 하는 신경. 달팽이신경라고 불리기도 한다. 그것은 소리를 전기적 신호로 바꾸어 신경으로 전달해 주는 달팽이의 집같이 생긴 기관을 달팽이라고 부르기 때문이다.  |
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| DCC | day care center; detected in colon cancer; dextran-coated charcoal; diameter of cylindrical collimat... |
|---|---|
| EC | effective concentration; ejection click; electrochemical; electron capture; embryonal carcinoma; eme... |
| HSC | Hand-Schuller-Christian [syndrome]; Health and Safety Commission; health sciences center; health scr... |
| MTOC | microtubule organizing center; mitotic organizing center |
| NAC | N-acetylcysteine; National Asthma Center; National Audiovisual Center; Noise Advisory Council |
| Arnold's nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the superior ganglion of the vagus, supplying the back of the pinna and the external acoustic meatus. Synonym: ramus auricularis nervi vagi, Arnold's nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| artery to sciatic nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Origin, inferior gluteal; distribution, sciatic nerve; anastomoses, branches of profunda femoris. Synonym: arteria comitans nervi ischiadici, companion artery to sciatic nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| articular nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of a nerve supplying a joint. Synonym: nervus articularis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| auditory nerve | <anatomy, neurology> Cranial nerve VIII is responsible for the sense of hearing and balance (body position sense). Lesions of the eighth nerve can result in deafness, tinnitus, dizziness, vertigo and vomiting. (27 Sep 1997) |
| auricular branch of vagus nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the superior ganglion of the vagus, supplying the back of the pinna and the external acoustic meatus. Synonym: ramus auricularis nervi vagi, Arnold's nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| auriculotemporal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the mandibular, usually arising by two roots embracing the middle meningeal artery; it passes through the parotid gland conveying post-synaptic parasympathetic secretomotor fibres from the otic ganglion, and continuing to terminate in the skin of the temple and scalp; also sends branches to the external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, and auricle as well as a communicating branch to the facial nerve. Synonym: nervus auriculotemporalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| auriculotemporal nerve syndrome | <syndrome> Localised flushing and sweating of the ear and cheek in response to eating. Synonym: Frey's syndrome, gustatory sweating syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| autonomic nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A bundle of nerve fibres outside of the central nervous system belonging or relating to the autonomic nervous system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| autonomic nerve block | Interruption of sympathetic pathways, by local injection of an anaesthetic agent, at any of four levels: peripheral nerve block, sympathetic ganglion block, extradural block, and subarachnoid block. (12 Dec 1998) |
| axillary nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Arises from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus in the axilla, passes laterally and posteriorly through quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex artery, winding round the surgical neck of the humerus to supply the deltoid and teres minor muscles, terminating as the superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve. Synonym: nervus axillaris, circumflex nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axillary nerve injury | <neurology> A condition involving dysfunction of the axillary nerve which normally supplies the deltoid and teres minor muscles and sensation to the lateral aspect of the shoulder. This condition is a type of peripheral neuropathy that may manifest as the result of a variety of disease processes or injuries. Conditions associated with axillary nerve dysfunction include mononeuritis multiplex, fracture of the humerus, abduction injury to the shoulder, pressure to the armpit from a cast, splint or crutches. Symptoms include numbness over the outer portion of the shoulder, shoulder weakness and difficulty lifting arm or objects over your head. An EMG, nerve conduction study or muscle biopsy can be helpful in making the diagnosis. Recovery is generally spontaneous if the underlying cause can be corrected and shoulder mobility is preserved. Corticosteroid injections may be indicated in some instances. (02 Jan 1998) |
| baroreceptor nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A nerve composed of afferent fibres the endings of which are sensitive to increases in mechanical pressure; the term specifically refers to sensory nerve's innervating the walls of hollow organs. Synonym: baroreceptor nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bell's respiratory nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Arises from the fifth, sixth, and seventh cervical nerves (roots of brachial plexus), descends the neck behind the brachial plexus, and is distributed to the serratus anterior muscle; it is somewhat unusual in that it courses on the superficial aspect of the muscle is supplies; its paralysis results in "winged scapula". Synonym: nervus thoracicus longus, Bell's respiratory nerve, external respiratory nerve of Bell, posterior thoracic nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| biopsy, nerve | <investigation, procedure, surgery> A procedure which involves the removal of a small specimen of nerve tissue for microscopic analysis. The ankle or wrist are the most common sites used for nerve biopsy. Conditions such as amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, metabolic polyneuropathy, leprosy, demyelination, alcoholic neuropathy, Charcot-Marie-tooth disease, peroneal nerve dysfunction, mononeuritis multiplex and other polyneuropathies may be detected using this study. (21 Mar 1998) |
| Bock's nerve | Branch of pterygopalatine ganglion passing posteriorly through pharyngeal canal to supply postsynaptic parasympathetic fibres to mucus glands of nasopharynx. Synonym: ramus pharyngeus ganglii pterygopalatini, Bock's nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |