| 영문 | stem cell | 한글 | 줄기세포, 간세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자기 복제를 하여 자신을 존속시키면서 한편으로는 증식과 분화를 하여 새로운 세포를 형성하는 세포로서 조혈줄기세포가 대표적이다. 조혈줄기세포는 골수에 있는 세포로서 모든 혈구세포가 여기에서 분화되어 발생한다. |
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| 영문 | renal cell carcinoma | 한글 | 콩팥세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥에 생긴 원시콩팥조직에서 발생한 암. 주로 원시세뇨관조직에서 발생한다. 대표적인 세포조직형은 염색시 세포질이 맑게 비어보이는 맑은세포암종이다. 치료는 수술과 항암화학요법이며 아주 드물지만 저절로 낫는 경우도 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다. |
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| 영문 | squamous cell carcinoma | 한글 | 편평세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 편평세포 기원의 암으로서, 편평세포가 있는 어떤 곳에서든 발생가능함. 따라서 식도암, 피부암, 폐암, 자궁암 등이 여기에 해당된다. 특히 피부암은 많은 자외선조사에 의해 생기는 광선각화증에서 발생가능하다. 병리조직학적 특성으로서 각질을 생성한다. |
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| GC(T)A | giant cell (temporal) arteritis |
|---|---|
| GDC | giant dopamine-containing cell; General Dental Council |
| GDNF | giant cell line-derived neutrophilic factor |
| GIP | gastric inhibitory polypeptide; giant cell interstitial pneumonia; glucose-dependent insulinotropic ... |
| GMC | general medical clinic; general medical council; giant migratory contraction; grivet monkey cell |
| foreign body giant cell | <pathology> Syncytium formed by the fusion of macrophages in response to an indigestible particle too large to be phagocytosed for example talc, silica or asbestos fibres). There may be as many as 100 nuclei randomly distributed: similar cells but with the nuclei more peripherally located (Langhans cells) are found at the centre of tuberculous lesions. (06 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| acinar cell tumour | A solid and cystic tumour of the pancreas, occurring in young women; tumour cells contain zymogen granules. (05 Mar 2000) |
| germ cell tumour | A type of brain tumour. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Merkel cell tumour | A rare malignant cutaneous tumour seen in sun-exposed skin of elderly patients composed of dermal nodules of small round cells with scanty cytoplasm in a trabecular pattern; the tumour cells contain cytoplasmic dense core granules resembling neurosecretory granules seen in Merkel cells. Synonym: primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, trabecular carcinoma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| granular cell tumour | Unusual tumour affecting any site of the body, but most often encountered in the head and neck. Considerable debate has surrounded the histogenesis of this neoplasm; however, it is considered to be a myoblastoma of, usually, a benign nature. It affects women more often than men. When it develops beneath the epidermis or mucous membrane, it can lead to proliferation of the squamous cells and mimic squamous cell carcinoma. (12 Dec 1998) |
| granulosa cell tumour | An ovarian tumour originating in the cells of the primordial membrana granulosa of the graafian follicle. It may be associated with excessive production of estrin, inducing endometrial hyperplasia with menorrhagia. It can be benign or malignant. It is soft, solid, white or yellow, and consists of small round cells sometimes enclosing call-exner bodies. Larger lipid-containing cells may be present. Granulosa cell tumours are seen in women of all ages. Treatment depends on the age of the patient and the extent of the disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hilar cell tumour of ovary | A small benign masculinizing ovarian tumour derived from hilar cells, which resemble Leydig cells of the testis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Hurthle cell tumour | A neoplasm of the thyroid gland composed of polyhedral acidophilic cells, thought by some to be oncocytes; it may be benign or malignant, the behaviour of the latter depending on the general microscopic pattern, whether follicular, papillary, or undifferentiated. See: Hurthle cell adenoma. Synonym: Hurthle cell carcinoma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sertoli cell tumour | A rare benign tumour of the testis that histologically resembles the foetal testis. There are three varieties: diffuse stromal, mixed (stromal and epithelial), and tubular (epithelial). Sertoli cells in the epithelial elements may produce oestrogen and cause feminization. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sertoli-leydig cell tumour | An ovarian tumour usually of low-grade malignancy occurring most frequently in the third and fourth decades, with 75% seen in women under 40. It is rare, representing less than .02% of ovarian cancers. The tumour typically produces androgens with virilization being noted in 70-85% of the patients. (holland et al., cancer medicine, 3d ed, p1684) (12 Dec 1998) |
| interstitial cell tumour of testis | <tumour> A small benign tumours of the testis that often produce testosterone, causing endocrine symptoms. Synonym: interstitial cell tumour of testis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ovarian granulosa-theca cell tumour | <radiology> Any age, most benign, oestrogens may lead to isosexual precocious puberty (pathognomonic), large tumour with areas of cystic degeneration (12 Dec 1998) |
| theca cell tumour | A sex cord-stromal tumour of the postmenopausal ovary that is yellow, large, and unilateral, composed of fascicles of lipid-rich spindle cells interspersed with collagen, reticulin fibres, and hyaline plaques. Thecomas and other oestrogen-producing tumours (e.g., granulosa cell tumours) may induce adenomatous hyperplasia of the endometrium or well-differentiated endometrial carcinoma in 3%-20% of the cases. (12 Dec 1998) |
| tumour cell | <oncology> Cell derived from a tumour in an animal. Refers to a tumour causing malignant cell and not an adventitious normal cell. Loosely, a transformed cell able to give rise to tumours. (18 Nov 1997) |
| tumour stem cell assay | <investigation> A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of tumour stem cells by assaying their activity. It is used primarily for the in vitro testing of antineoplastic agent. (12 Dec 1998) |