| 영문 | nucleic acid | 한글 | 핵산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 염기, 당, 인산으로 이루어진 뉴클레오티드가 긴 사슬 모양으로 중합된 고분자 물질. 유전이나 단백질 합성을 지배하는 중요한 물질로, 생물의 증식을 비롯한 생명 활동 유지에 중요한 작용을 한다. 구성 당인 오탄당이 리보오스인 리보핵산과 디옥시리보오스인 디옥시리보 핵산으로 나뉜다. 펜토스로서 리보스나 데옥시리보스 어느 한쪽만을 포함하며 전자를 리보핵산(RNA), 후자를 데옥시리보핵산(deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA)이라 부른다. 모두 4종류의 유기염기에 의해 특징지어지며 아데닌, 구아닌 및 시토신은 양자에 공통이다. 티민은 DNA에, 우라실은 RNA에 포함된다. DNA는 주로 핵에 존재하며 형질유전에 그리고 RNA는 세포질속에서 단백질 합성에 관여한다. 섭취된 핵산은 소화관에서 구성분자로까지 가수분해되어 흡수된다. |
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| LADH | lactic acid dehydrogenase; liver alcohol dehydrogenase |
|---|---|
| LM | lactic acid mineral [medium]; lactose malabsorption; laryngeal mask; laryngeal muscle; lateral malle... |
| AA | abdominal aorta; acetic acid; achievement age; active alcoholic; active assistive [range of motion];... |
| OA | obstructive apnea; occipital artery; occipito-anterior; occiput anterior; octanoic acid; ocular albi... |
| PAA | partial agonist activity; phenylacetic acid; phosphonoacetic acid; physical abilities analysis; plas... |
| Bacillus sphaericus | A species that is an insect pathogen and that has been associated with human and other mammalian infections, especially in compromised hosts. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| bacillus stearothermophilus | A species of gram-positive bacteria found in soil, hot springs, arctic waters, ocean sediments, and spoiled food products. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacillus subtilis | <bacteria> Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, nonpathogenic bacterium which lives in soil. Its genome has been widely studied and is frequently used in genetic engineering and microbiology experiments. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Bacillus thuringiensis | <bacteria> Soil living bacterium that produces an endotoxin that is deadly to insects. Many strains exist, each with great specificity as to target Orders of insects. In general, the mode of action involves solubilisation at the high pH within the target insect's gut, followed by proteolytic cleavage, the activated peptides form pores in the gut cell apical plasma membranes, causing lysis of the cells. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Bang's bacillus | A species of the genus brucella whose natural hosts are cattle and other bovidae. Other mammals, including man, may be infected. Abortion and placentitis are frequently produced in the pregnant animal. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Battey bacillus | A species found in lung lesions and sputum of humans; may cause bone and tendon-sheath lesions in rabbits; some strains are pathogenic for mice. Recently linked to opportunistic infections in humans. Synonym: Battey bacillus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| blue pus bacillus | A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (wound, burn, and urinary tract infections). It is also found widely distributed in soil and water. P. Aeruginosa is a major agent of nosocomial infection. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Bordet-Gengou bacillus | <bacteria> A small, aerobic, gram-negative bacillus, causative organism of whooping cough. Produces a variety of toxins including a dermonecrotising toxin, an adenyl cyclase, an endotoxin and pertussis toxin, as well as surface components such as fimbrial haemagglutinin. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Calmette-Guerin bacillus | An attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis used in the preparation of BCG vaccine that is used for immunization against tuberculosis and in cancer chemotherapy. Extracts of the bacterium have remarkable powers in stimulation of lymphocytes and leucocytes and are used in adjuvants. Synonym: Calmette-Guerin bacillus. Acronym: BCG Origin: Fr. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gartner's bacillus | A serotype of salmonella enterica which is an aetiologic agent of gastroenteritis in man and other animals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gas bacillus | The most common aetiologic agent of gas gangrene. It is differentiable into several distinct types based on the distribution of twelve different toxins. (12 Dec 1998) |
| paracolon bacillus | Any one of a number of diverse enteric bacteria which fail to ferment lactose promptly. (05 Mar 2000) |
| paradysentery bacillus | A bacterium which is one of the aetiologic agents of bacillary dysentery (dysentery, bacillary) and sometimes of infantile gastroenteritis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| paratyphoid bacillus | One of the three organisms causing the three forms, A, B, and C, of paratyphoid fever. See: paratyphoid fever. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Park-Williams bacillus | A special strain of Corynebacterium diphtheriae used for toxin production. (05 Mar 2000) |