| 영문 | facial nerve | 한글 | 얼굴신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 표정근을 지배하는 큰 운동신경과 작은 중간신경으로 구성된다. 좁은 의미의 얼굴신경과 중간신경으로 이루어지는 혼합신경이다. 속귀신경과 함께 속귓길로 들어가고 그 바닥에서 속귀신경과 갈라져 얼굴신경관으로 들어가, 거의 직각으로 구부러지는 부분을 얼굴신경무릎이라 하며, 여기에 무릎신경마디가 있다. |
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| 영문 | sural nerve | 한글 | 장딴지신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 안쪽장딴지피부신경 및 온장딴지신경의 교통지에서 시작하여 가쪽배쪽피부신경 및 가쪽발꿈치가지의 가지를 낸다. 넙다리 등쪽의 피부, 발꿈치와 발의 가쪽의 피부 및 관절에 분포하며, 일반 감각성 기능을 한다. |
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| 영문 | spinal nerve | 한글 | 척수신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 척수의 앞뿔에서 출발하는 운동신경과 뒷뿔으로 들어오는 감각신경이 합쳐서 형성되는 신경으로서 총 31쌍이 존재함. 목뼈신경이 8쌍, 자등뼈신경이 12쌍, 허리뼈의 신경이 5쌍, 엉치뼈의 6쌍을 이룸. |
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| 영문 | auditory nerve | 한글 | 청신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 귀에서 감지된 청각의 신호를 대뇌로 보내는 역할을 하는 신경. 달팽이신경라고 불리기도 한다. 그것은 소리를 전기적 신호로 바꾸어 신경으로 전달해 주는 달팽이의 집같이 생긴 기관을 달팽이라고 부르기 때문이다.  |
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| ICAO | internal carotid artery occlusion |
|---|---|
| LIC | left internal carotid [artery]; limiting isorrheic concentration; local intravascular coagulation |
| LICA | left internal carotid artery |
| RIC | right internal carotid [artery]; Royal Institute of Chemistry |
| UICAO | unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion |
| carotid | Pertaining to the carotid artery. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| carotid arteries | <anatomy> Paired large calibre vessels that pass on either side of the neck supplying oxygenated blood to the brain. Occlusive disease (atherosclerosis) of the vessels can lead to stroke. (27 Sep 1997) |
| carotid artery | <anatomy, artery> A key artery located in the front of the neck that carries blood from the heart to the brain. Cholesterol plaques on the inner wall of the carotid artery can lead to stroke. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carotid artery bruit | <radiology> Differential diagnosis: Atherosclerotic plaque or stenosis in common carotid artery or major vessels., Normal vessel. Asymptomatic bruits are a risk factor for stroke, and 75% of strokes occur in the carotid circulation. The majority of patients with bruits will have stenosis of 50% or more. The vast majority (90%) of strokes occur without prior symptoms. REF: MacNeil BJ, Abrams HL. Brigham and Women's Hospital Handbook of Diagnostic Imaging. Chapter 27. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carotid artery, common | The two principal arteries supplying the structures of the head and neck. They ascend in the neck, one on each side, and at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, each divides into two branches, the external (carotid artery, external) and internal (carotid artery, internal) carotid arteries. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carotid artery, external | Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the exterior of the head, the face, and the greater part of the neck. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carotid artery occlusive syndrome | <syndrome> Aortic arch syndrome, also referred to by many as vertebral-basilar artery disease, carotid artery occlusive syndrome and subclavian steal syndrome. Characterised by a constellation of signs and symptoms which occur secondary to abnormalities in the major arteries which extend off of the aortic arch. These abnormalities are structural and most often secondary to the effects of atherosclerosis, blood clots, trauma or a congenital abnormality. Symptoms of this condition include various neurologic symptoms, reduction in pulse and changes in blood pressure. (27 Sep 1997) |
| carotid artery thrombosis | Formation of a clot in a carotid artery often resulting from atherosclerosis. Patients are at high risk for developing stroke. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carotid body | A small cluster of chemoreceptive and supporting cells located near the bifurcation of the internal carotid artery. The carotid body, which is richly supplied with fenestrated capillaries, senses the pH, carbon dioxide, and oxygen concentrations in the blood and plays a crucial role in their homeostatic control. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carotid body cell | <pathology> Cells derived from the neural crest, involved in sensing pH and oxygen tension of the blood. (18 Nov 1997) |
| carotid body tumour | An invariably benign, encapsulated, firm round mass at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery, with nests of large polyhedral cells in alveolar or organoid arrangement. It is usually asymptomatic but large masses may encroach upon the parapharyngeal space and produce dysphagia, pain, and cranial nerve palsies. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carotid bruit | <cardiology, clinical sign> A systolic murmur heard at the root of the neck (over a carotid artery) that is produced by turbulence from a blockage of blood flow in the vessel, can indicate carotid artery occlusive disease. See: stroke. (27 Sep 1997) |
| carotid bulb | <anatomy> A slight dilation in the carotid artery at its bifurcation into the external and internal carotid arteries, it contains baroreceptors (pressure sensors) that when stimulated, will cause a reflex slowing of the heart, vasodilation and a fall in blood pressure. (27 Sep 1997) |
| carotid canal | A passage through the petrous part of the temporal bone from its inferior surface upward, medially, and forward to the apex where it opens into the foramen lacerum. It transmits the internal carotid artery and plexuses of veins and autonomic nerves. Synonym: canalis caroticus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carotid-cavernous fistula | A fistulous communication, of spontaneous or traumatic origin, between the cavernous sinus and the traversing internal carotid artery; a pulsating unilateral exophthalmos and a detectable cranial bruit are common manifestations. (05 Mar 2000) |