| glycerol kinase |
[EC 1.1.1.30] an enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes the phosphorylation of glycerol to form glycerol 3-phosphate. Deficiency of the enzyme, an X-linked trait, causes hyperglycerolemia.
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| glycerol phosphate s. |
a cyclic mechanism for transferring electrons from cytosolic NADH to the mitochondrial electron transport chain and thus to oxygen, acting by means of enzyme-catalyzed redox reactions that interconvert glycerol 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. It occurs primarily in white fibers of striated muscle and nervous tissue. See also illustration. Click here to view image■Glycerol phosphate shuttle.
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| glycerol r. |
chemical rhizotomy of the trigeminal or spinal nerves by injection of glycerol; see also chemical neurolysis.
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| glycerol-3-phosphate O |
[EC 2.3.1.15] an enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes the transfer of an acyl group to glycerol 3-phosphate from an acyl CoA with a chain longer than ten carbons, yielding a lysophosphatidate. The reaction is a step in the synthesis of triglycerides and phosphatidates, and the enzyme also catalyzes the addition of a second acyl group to the lysophosphatidate to form a phosphatidate.
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| glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase |
[EC 1.1.99.5] an enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the oxidation of glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate. In mitochondria of striated muscle and of nervous tissue, the enzyme contains iron and the acceptor is FAD. The dihydroxyacetone phosphate formed can cross into the cytosol, where glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) catalyzes its reduction via electrons from NADH, regenerating glycerol 3-phosphate. See also glycerol phosphate shuttle, under shuttle.
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