| EM | early memory; ejection murmur; electromagnetic; electron micrograph; electron microscopy, electron m... |
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| EMP | electric membrane property; electromagnetic pulse; Embden-Meyerhof pathway; external membrane potent... |
| EPI | echo planar imaging; electronic portal imaging; Emotion Profile Index; epilepsy; epinephrine; epithe... |
| FCP | F-cell production; final common pathway; Functional Communication Profile |
| HMP | hexose monophosphate pathway; hot moist packs |
| shikimic acid pathway | <biochemistry> Metabolic pathway in plants and microorganisms, by which the aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan) are formed from phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose 4 phosphate via shikimic acid. The aromatic amino acids in turn serve as precursors for the formation of lignin and other phenolic compounds in plants. Inhibitors of this pathway are used as herbicides. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| sorbitol pathway | A pathway responsible for d-fructose formation from sorbitol; increases in activity as the glucose concentration rises in diabetes. Synonym: polyol pathway. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neural pathway | <anatomy> Neural tracts connecting one part of the nervous system with another. (12 Dec 1998) |
| de novo pathway | <biochemistry> A pathway for synthesising a biomolecule from simple precursor molecules. Compare: salvage pathway. (12 Jan 1998) |
| DNA repair pathway | The sequence of steps in the repair of DNA. Each step is governed by an enzyme. (12 Dec 1998) |
| drug development pathway | The various procedures and studies that must be undertaken to satisfy Food and Drug Administration requirements for drug approval and marketing. (14 Nov 1997) |
| intrinsic pathway | <haematology> Initiation of blood clotting as a result of factors released from damaged tissue, as opposed to contact with a foreign surface (the intrinsic pathway). Tissue thromboplastin (Factor III) in conjunction with Factor VII proconvertin) will activate Factor X that, once activated, converts prothrombin to thrombin. (27 Jun 1999) |
| Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway | A pathway that degrades glucose to pyruvate, the six-carbon stage converts glucose to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, and the three-carbon stage produces ATP while changing glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to pyruvate. Compare: Entner-Doudoroff pathway. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Embden-Meyerhof pathway | The main pathway for anerobic degradation of carbohydrate. Starch or glycogen is hydrolysed to glucose 1 phosphate and then through a series of intermediates, yielding two ATP molecules per glucose and producing either pyruvate which feeds into the tricarboxylic acid cycle) or lactate. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Entner-Douderoff pathway | A degradative pathway for carbohydrates in certain microorganisms (e.g., Pseudomonas sp.) that lack hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Entner-Doudoroff pathway | <biochemistry> A pathway that converts glucose to pyruvate and glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate by producing 6-phosphogluconate and then dehydrating it. (09 Oct 1997) |
| extrinsic pathway | <haematology> Initiation of blood clotting as a result of factors released from damaged tissue, as opposed to contact with a foreign surface (the intrinsic pathway). Tissue thromboplastin (Factor III) in conjunction with Factor VII proconvertin) will activate Factor X that, once activated, converts prothrombin to thrombin. (27 Jun 1999) |
| 4-aminobutyrate pathway | The pathway that ultimately converts 4-aminobutyrate to succinate; succinate is then converted to alpha-ketoglutarate, via the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which is then acted upon by glutamate dehydrogenase; glutamate is then decarboxylated to reform 4-aminobutyrate; an important pathway for those cells which make this neuroactive molecule. Synonym: GABA pathway. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lysogenic pathway | <virology> The method by which a virus becomes a dormant, passive part of its host bacterium's genome (a lysogenic virus), choosing to insert its DNA into the host's and postponing completion of its lytic cycle, at which time it destroys the host and spreads its progeny to infect other bacterial cells (enters the lytic pathway). (09 Oct 1997) |
| lytic pathway | The steps in the method that a virus takes to complete a lytic cycle, including the production and assembly of progeny viruses with host cell machinery and the destruction of the host cell by rupturing its plasma membrane (lysis), releasing the progeny viruses in the process. (09 Oct 1997) |