| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
||
| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
||
| ASM | acid sphingomyelinase; airway smooth muscle; American Society for Microbiology; anterior scalenus mu... |
|---|---|
| CM | California mastitis [test]; calmodulin; capreomycin; carboxymethyl; cardiac murmur; cardiac muscle; ... |
| LM | lactic acid mineral [medium]; lactose malabsorption; laryngeal mask; laryngeal muscle; lateral malle... |
| MG | Marcus Gunn [pupil]; margin; medial gastrocnemius [muscle]; membranous glomerulonephritis; menopausa... |
| MS | Maffuci syndrome; maladjustment score; mandibular series; Marfan syndrome; Marie-Strumpell [syndrome... |
| urinary casts | Cast's discharged in the urine. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| urinary catheterization | Employment or passage of a catheter into the bladder (urethral c.) or kidney (ureteral c.) for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary concentration test | A test of renal tubular function whereby the patient is dehydrated for a measured period of time and the specific gravity of the urine is subsequently determined. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary cyst | A cyst containing extravasated urine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary diversion | Temporary or permanent diversion of the flow of urine through the ureter away from the bladder in the presence of a bladder disease or after cystectomy. There is a variety of techniques: direct anastomosis of ureter and bowel, cutaneous ureterostomy, ileal, jejunal or colon conduit, ureterosigmoidostomy, etc. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary exertional incontinence | Leakage of urine as a result of coughing, straining, or some sudden voluntary movement, due to weakness of the fascia muscles and at the neck of the bladder. Synonym: urinary exertional incontinence. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary fever | An elevation of temperature, usually slight and transitory, following catheterization of the urethra, or the passage of blood clots, gravel, or a calculus. Synonym: catheter fever, urethral fever. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary fistula | An abnormal passage communicating with the urinary tract. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary incontinence, stress | The involuntary discharge of urine as a result of anatomic displacement which exerts an opening pull on the bladder orifice. It often occurs during coughing or other forceful stresses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary nitrogen | Nitrogen excreted as urea, amino acids, uric acid, etc., in the urine; 1 g of urinary nitrogen indicates the breakdown in the body of 6.25 g of protein. See: nitrogen equivalent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary organs | Organs involved with the formation, storage, and excretion of urine. Synonym: organa urinaria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary reflex | Contraction of the walls of the bladder and relaxation of the trigone and urethral sphincter in response to a rise in pressure within the bladder; the reflex can be voluntarily inhibited and the inhibition readily abolished to control micturition. Synonym: bladder reflex, urinary reflex, vesical reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary reservoirs, continent | Structures which collect and store urine and are emptied by catheterization of a cutaneous stoma or internal diversion to the urethra. The reservoirs are surgically created during procedures for urinary diversion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary retention | The inability to pass urine from the bladder, most often due to an obstruction of flow. In older males, this may be due to prostate enlargement. Urine retention can also occur as a drug side effect (anticholinergics), after surgical procedures and in the presence of a urethral stricture (narrowing of the urethra). (27 Sep 1997) |
| urinary sand | Multiple small calculous particles passed in the urine of patients with nephrolithiasis; each particle is usually too small to cause significant symptoms or to be identified as a true calculus. (05 Mar 2000) |