¼±Åà - È­»ìǥŰ/¿£ÅÍŰ ´Ý±â - ESC

 
"closed cup flash test"¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °Ë»ö °á°úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °Ë»ö °á°ú º¸´Â µµÁß¿¡ Tab ۸¦ ´©¸£½Ã¸é °Ë»ö âÀÌ ¼±Åõ˴ϴÙ.
¾Ë±â½¬¿î ÀÇÇпë¾îÇ®ÀÌÁý, ¼­¿ïÀÇ´ë ±³¼ö ÁöÁ¦±Ù, °í·ÁÀÇÇÐ ÃâÆÇ À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 5 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿µ¹® hearing test ÇÑ±Û Ã»·Â°Ë»ç
¼³¸í   
  ±Í°¡ µé¸®´Â Á¤µµ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤Çϴ °Ë»ç. Ã»°¢°Ë»ç¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ¼Ò¸®³ª ¸ñ¼Ò¸®°¡ Àß µé¸®´ÂÁöÀÇ ¿©ºÎ µî Ã»°¢ÀÇ ¿¹¹ÎÇÑ Á¤µµ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤Çϴ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. °Ë»ç¿¡´Â Ã»·Â°è³ª ¼Ò¸®±Á¼è µîÀÇ ±â±¸¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ ¾ò´Â À½¿ø, Áï ¼øÀ½À» »ç¿ëÇϸç, »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¸ñ¼Ò¸®³ª ½Ã°è¼Ò¸® µîµµ À½¿øÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¶Ç À½ÆÄ°¡ ÀüÆÄµÇ´Â ¸ÅÁú¿¡ µû¶ó ±âµµ Ã»·Â°Ë»ç¿Í °ñµµ Ã»·Â°Ë»ç·Î ±¸º°µÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. °Ë»çÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ¸·Î´Â Ã»°¢ÀÇ »óÇÏÀ½°è³ª ÃÖ¼Ò °¡Ã»¹®ÅΰªÀÇ °Ë»ç¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇÏ¿©, ÃæºÐÈ÷ µé¸®´Â ¼Ò¸®¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ±×°ÍÀÌ µé¸®´Â »óŸ¦ Á¶»çÇϴ ¹®Åΰª°Ë»ç(¼Ò¸®ÀÇ Å©±â¿Í »óÅÂÀÇ °Ë»ç, ¼¼±âÀÇ ÆÇº°¿ª°Ë»ç µî) ¿Ü¿¡ À½ÇâÀÚ±ØÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀ¸·ÎºÎÅ͠Ÿ°¢ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶»çÇϴ ¹æ¹ýµµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À̰ÍÀº ÁַΠ°«³­¾Æ±â³ª Á¤½Åº´È¯ÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ÁַΠû·Â°è°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ°í, Ã»·ÂÀº µ¥½Ãº§(dB)·Î Ç¥½ÃµÈ´Ù. Á¤»óÀÎÀº 0dBÀ̰í, ³­Ã»ÀÚÀϼö·Ï ±× ¼ö°¡ Ä¿Áö¸ç, 60dBÀÌ»óÀº »ó´çÈ÷ ³­Ã»À̰í, 80dB ÀÌ»óÀ̸頱͸ӰŸ®ÀÌ´Ù.
¿µ¹® Coombs test ÇÑ±Û Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç
¼³¸í   
  ÀûÇ÷±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü¸¦ °Ë»çÇϴ ¹æ¹ý. Ç×ü¶õ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ ¹°Áú¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ±× ¹°ÁúÀÇ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ¾ïÁ¦Çϰí, ¶Ç´Â ±× ¹°ÁúÀ» ÆÄ±«Çϴ °ÍÀ¸·Î B-¸²ÇÁ±¸¶ó´Â ¸é¿ªÀ» ´ã´çÇϴ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ ¸¸µé¾îÁø´Ù. ÀÌ Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç¿¡´Â Á÷Á¢Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç¿Í °£Á¢Å©¿òÁî°Ë»çÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö°¡ Àִµ¥ Á÷Á¢ Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç´Â ¸ö¼ÓÀÇ ÀûÇ÷±¸¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î Àִ Ç×ü¸¦ °Ë»çÇϴ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. Ã¤ÃëÇÑ Ç÷¾×À» ÀûÇ÷±¸¸¦ ¾ò¾î¼­ »ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç×ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü(»ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç×ü¿¡ Æ¯Á¤ÇϰԠºÎÂøÀÌ µÇ´Â Ç×ü)¸¦ ¹ÝÀÀ½Ã۸é, ¸¸¾à ÀûÇ÷±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü°¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î Àִ ÀûÇ÷±¸¶ó¸é »ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç×ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü°¡, ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© Ä§°­ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀϾ°Ô µÇ°í Ç×ü°¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀûÇ÷±¸À̸頹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. °£Á¢Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç´Â Ç÷Àå¼Ó¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇϴ ÀûÇ÷±¸¿Í ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀº Ç×ü¸¦ Ã£¾Æ³»´Â ½ÃÇèÀ¸·Î Ç÷ÀåÀ» Ã¤ÃëÇØ¼­ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀûÇ÷±¸¿Í ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ½ÃŰ°í ¿ª½Ã Ç×ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü¸¦ ¹ÝÀÀ½ÃÄѠħ°­¹ÝÀÀÀ» °üÂûÇØ¼­ ±× Ç×ü¸¦ Ã£¾Æ³»´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù.
¿µ¹® tuberculin test ÇÑ±Û Æ©º£¸£Ä𸰰˻ç
¼³¸í   
  ¸¹Àº ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ÇüÅÂÀÇ Æ©º£¸£Ä𸰰ú ´Ù¾çÇÑ Åõ¿©¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ °áÇÙ ÇǺΰ˻ç¹ý. ÇöÀç Ç¥ÁØ ½ÃÇè¹ýÀ¸·Î µÇ¾îÀִ °¡À堽źù¼ºÀִ °Ë»ç·Î´Â PPD¸¦ Çdz»ÁÖ»çÇϴ ¹æ¹ý¸ÁÅä¿ì °Ë»çÀÌ´Ù. Çdz»ÁÖ»çÈÄ 48~72½Ã°£ ÈÄ¿¡ ÁÖ»çºÎÀ§¿¡ Á÷°æ 10mmÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î º¸À̸ç, ¸¸Á®Áö´Â È«¹Ý°ú °æÈ­°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é ¾ç¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ¼ºÀο¡°Ô´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Áß°£ °­µµÀÇ Æ©º£¸£Äð¸°(5Tu)À» »ç¿ëÇϸç, ¾ç¼º¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é °áÇÙ±Õ¿¡ ÀÌÀü¿¡ °¨¿°µÇ¾ú°Å³ª ÇöÀç °¨¿°µÇ¾î Àִٴ ȮÁ¤Àû Áø´ÜÀÌ µÈ´Ù. À½¼º¹ÝÀÀÀº °áÇÙÀÌ ¾ø°Å³ª, ½ÉÇÑ °áÇÙ°¨¿°¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÇǺξ˷¹¸£±â°¡ ÀÖÀ» °æ¿ì, ¶Ç´Â ¸é¿ª¾ïÁ¦¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â º´, ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é È£ÁöŲº´À̳ª »ç¸£ÄÚÀ̵åÁõ µîÀÌ ÇÕº´µÈ °æ¿ìÀÌ´Ù.
¿µ¹® Papanicolaou smear(test) ÇÑ±Û ÆÄÆÄ´ÏÄÝ·Î µµ¸»°Ë»ç
¼³¸í   
  ÁÙ¿©¼­ ÆËµµ¸»°Ë»ç(Pap smear)À̶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù. ¿©¼ºÀÇ Àڱøñ¾ÏÀÇ ¹ß»ýÀ» ¹Ì¸® ¾Ë¾Æº¸±â À§ÇØ ½ÃÇàÇϴ °Ë»ç¹ýÀ¸·Î ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­´Â ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ÇöÀç Àڱøñ¾Ï¹ß»ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »ç¸Á·üÀ» ÇöÀúÈ÷ ³·Ãß°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹æ¹ýÀº »êºÎÀΰú¿¡¼­ ½ÃÇàÇϸç, ¿©¼ºÀÇ Àڱøñ¿¡¼­ ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ °¡Á®´Ù°¡ µµ¸»ÇÏ¿© Çö¹Ì°æÀ¸·Î °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù. ¿äÁîÀ½¿¡ ¿Í¼­´Â Àڱøñ»Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó È£Èí±â³ª ºñ´¢±â µî ºÐºñ¹°À» µµ¸»ÇÏ¿© ÆÄÆÄ´ÏÄݷΠ¿°»öÀ» ÇÏ¿© °Ë»çÇϴ °Íµµ ¿©±â¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ.
  
  (±×¸² P-3).
¿µ¹® glucose tolerance test ÇÑ±Û Æ÷µµ´ç°ßµõ°Ë»ç
¼³¸í   
  Æ÷µµ´ç°ßµõ °Ë»ç¶õ ´ç´¢º´ÀÇ Áø´Ü¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â °Ë»ç·Î ´çÀ» Ã¼³»¿¡ Åõ¿©ÇÏ°í ½Ã°£ º°·Î Ç÷¾×À» Ã¤ÃëÇÏ¿© Ç÷´çÀÇ ³óµµ¸¦ Àç¾î¼­ °íÇ÷´ç ¿©ºÎ¸¦ Á¶»çÇϴ °Ë»çÀÌ´Ù. ÁַΠ°æ±¸Æ÷µµ´ç°ßµõ°Ë»ç(oral glucose tolerance test)¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ Çϴµ¥ À̰ÍÀº 10~16½Ã°£ÀÇ ±Ý½Ä ÈÄ¿¡ Ã¤Ç÷À» Çѹø Çѵڿ¡ µµ´ç 75gÀ» 250~300mLÀÇ ¹°¿¡ ³ì¿© 5ºÐ¿¡ °ÉÃļ­ ¸¶½Ã°Ô ÇÏ°í ¸Å½Ã°£ º°·Î Ã¤Ç÷À» ÇÏ¿© Ç÷´çÀÇ ³óµµ¸¦ Ã½Å©ÇÑ´Ù. °øº¹½Ã¿¡ Á¤¸Æ¿¡¼­ Ã¤Ç÷ÇÏ¿© ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ Ç÷´çÀÌ 140mg/dLÀÌ»óÀ̰ųª Æ÷µµ´ç°ßµõ °Ë»ç 2½Ã°£ÈÄÀÇ Ç÷´çÀÌ 200mg/dLÀÌ»óÀÏ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ´ç´¢º´À¸·Î Áø´ÜÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ °Ë»ç¸¦ ½Ç½ÃÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡ ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Á¡Àº °Ë»çÀü 3Àϰ£ ÇÏ·ç¿¡ 150gÀÌ»óÀǠź¼öÈ­¹°À» ¼·ÃëÇØ¾ß ÇѴٴ °Í°ú °Ë»çµµÁß¿¡ ¿îµ¿, Èí¿¬ µîÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¾ß ÇѴٴ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 
´ëÇÑÀÇÇù ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • antibody screening test
    Ç×ü¼±º°°Ë»ç
  • anticholinesterase test
    Ç×Äݸ°¿¡½ºÅ×¶ó¾ÆÁ¦°Ë»ç
  • antiglobulin test
    Çױ۷κҸ°°Ë»ç
  • antimicrobial susceptibility test
    Ç×±ÕÁ¦°¨¼ö¼º°Ë»ç
  • antinuclear antibody test
    Ç×ÇÙÇ×ü°Ë»ç
  • aptitude test
    Àû¼º°Ë»ç
  • articulation test
    ¹ßÀ½°Ë»ç
  • association test
    ¿¬»ó°Ë»ç
  • achievement test
    ¼ºÃëµµ°Ë»ç
  • autohemolysis test
    ÀÚ°¡¿ëÇ÷°Ë»ç
  • acid challenge test
    »êÅõ¿©°Ë»ç
  • acid elution slide test
    »ê¿ëÃâ½½¶óÀ̵å°Ë»ç
  • adsorption test
    ÈíÂø½ÃÇè, ºÎÂø°Ë»ç
  • afterimage test
    ÀÜ»ó°Ë»ç
  • agar gel precipitin inhibition test
    ¿ì¹«°Öħ°­¼Ò¾ïÁ¦°Ë»ç
´ëÇÑÀÇÇù Çʼö ÀÇÇпë¾îÁý »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • inhibition test
    ¾ïÁ¦°Ë»ç
  • intelligence test
    Áö´É°Ë»ç
  • intradermal test
    Çdz»°Ë»ç, Çdz»¹ÝÀÀ°Ë»ç
  • metacholine challenge test
    ¸ÞŸÄݸ°À¯¹ß°Ë»ç
  • NBT test
    (¢¡nitroblue tetrazolium test) ´ÏÆ®·Îºí·çÅׯ®¶óÁ¹·ý°Ë»ç
  • nonstress test
    ºñ¼öÃà°Ë»ç
  • occlusion test
    1.¸Â¹°¸²°Ë»ç, ±³ÇÕ°Ë»ç, 2.Æó¼â°Ë»ç
  • occult blood test
    ÀáÇ÷°Ë»ç
  • oral glucose tolerance test
    °æ±¸Æ÷µµ´çºÎÇϰ˻ç
  • osmotic fragility test
    »ïÅõ¾ÐÃë¾à¼º°Ë»ç, »ïÅõ¾Ð¿©¸²¼º°Ë»ç
  • Pap test
    (¢¡Papanicolaou test) ÆÄÆÄ´ÏÄݷΰ˻ç
  • Papanicolaou test
    ÆÄÆÄ´ÏÄݷΰ˻ç
  • patch test
    ÇǺÎÁ¢Ã˰˻ç, øÆ÷°Ë»ç
  • paternity test
    Ä£ÀÚ°¨Á¤
  • pilot test
    ¿¹ºñ°Ë»ç
¿¾ ´ëÇÑÀÇÇù ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • achievement test
    ¼ºÃëµµ°Ë»ç
  • acid challenge test
    »êÅõ¿©°Ë»ç
  • acid elution slide test
    »ê¿ëÃâ½½¶óÀ̵å°Ë»ç
  • adsorption test
    ÈíÂø½ÃÇè, ºÎÂø°Ë»ç
  • afterimage test
    ÀÜ»ó°Ë»ç
  • agar gel precipitin inhibition test
    ¿ì¹«°Öħ°­¼Ò¾ïÁ¦°Ë»ç
  • agglutination test
    ÀÀÁý°Ë»ç
  • air conduction test
    ±âµµ°Ë»ç, °ø±âÀüµµ°Ë»ç
  • alkali denaturation test
    ¾ËÄ®¸®º¯¼º°Ë»ç
  • alternate cover test
    ±³´ë°¡¸²°Ë»ç
  • antibody identification test
    Ç×üȮÀΰ˻ç
  • antibody screening test
    Ç×ü¼±º°°Ë»ç
  • antiglobulin test
    Çױ۷κҸ°°Ë»ç
  • antimicrobial susceptibility test
    Ç×±ÕÁ¦°¨¼ö¼º½ÃÇè
  • antinuclear antibody test
    Ç×ÇÙÇ×ü°Ë»ç
¿¾ ´ëÇÑÀÇÇù 2 ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • Chido test
    Chido ½ÃÇè
  • Chopras test
    ¼îÇÁ¶ó°Ë»ç.
  • Congo red test
    Äá°íÀû½ÃÇè.»ýÈ­Äá°í·¹µå½ÃÇè.
  • Continuous Performance Test
    Áö¼Ó¼öÇà °Ë»ç
  • Coombs consumption test
    Äñ½º¼Ò¸ð°Ë»ç
  • Cosyntropin stimulation test
    ÄÚ½ÅÆ®·ÎÇÉ ÀڱؽÃÇè
  • Cuboni s test
    Äíº¸´Ï½ÃÇè.
  • Cytronbergs test
    ½ÃÆ®·Ðº£¸£Å©½ÃÇè.
  • DAT =>direct antiglobulin test
    Á÷Á¢ Çױ۷κҸ°½ÃÇè
  • DDST=Denver developmental screening test
    µ§¹ö¹ß´ÞÁ¶»ç°Ë»ç
  • DNase test
    DNA ºÐÇØÈ¿¼Ò½ÃÇè
  • DST=dexamethasone supression test
    µ¦»ç¸ÞŸ¼Õ ¾ïÁ¦°Ë»ç
  • Dehydration test
    Å»¼ö°Ë»ç
  • Denver Developmental Screening Test
    µ§¹ö¹ß´ÞÁ¶»ç°Ë»ç(Û¡Ó¹ðàÞÛËþÞÛ)
  • Denver developmental screening test
    µ§¹ö¹ßÀ°¼±º°¹ý.
¿¾ ´ëÇÑÀÇÇù 3 ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • chronic closed angle glaucoma
    ¸¸¼ºÆó¼â°¢³ì³»Àå
  • closed angle glaucoma
    Æó¼â°¢³ì³»Àå(øÍáðÊÇÖàÒ®î¡)
  • closed cavity technique
    ¿ÜÀ̵µ Èĺ®º¸Á¸¼ú
  • closed chest
    ÆóÈä.
  • closed circuit anesthesia
    Æó¼â(½Ä)¼øÈ¯¸¶Ãë(øÍáðãÒâàü»Ø«ö­).
  • closed circular DNA
    Æó¼âȯ»óDNA, ¿ÏÀüȯ»óDNA. cf.open circular DNA
  • closed comedo
    Æó¼â(¼º)¸éÆ÷
  • closed commissurotomy
    Æó¼â±³·ÃÀý°³¼ú.
  • closed drainage
    Æó¼â½Ä¹è¾×<³ó>(¹ý)(Æó¼â½Ä¹è¾×<³ó>¹ý).
  • closed drainage system
    Æó¼â¹èÃâ¹æ¹ý
  • closed dressing method
    Æó¼âºØ´ë¹ý (¡­ºØ´ë¹ý).
  • closed eye surgery
    Æó¼â´«¼ö¼ú
  • closed fracture
    Æó¼â¼º °ñÀý(øÍáðàõÍéï¹).
  • closed head injury
    Æó¼â¼º µÎºÎ¼Õ»ó.
  • closed loop obstruction
    ¸·Èù ÀåÆó¼â
´ëÇÑ»ýÈ­ÇкÐÀÚ»ý¹°ÇÐȸ ¿ë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • complement fixation inhibition test
    º¸Ã¼°íÁ¤ ÀúÇØ½ÃÇè(ÜÍô÷ͳïÒîÁúªãËúÐ)
  • complement fixation test
    º¸Ã¼°íÁ¤½ÃÇè(ÜÍô÷ͳïÒãËúÐ)
  • consumption test
    ¼Ò¸ð½ÃÇè(á¼ÙÄãËúÐ)
  • Coombs' test
    ÄñÁî ½ÃÇè(ãËúÐ)
  • cross-agglutination test
    ±³Â÷ÀÀÁý °Ë»ç(Îßó©ëêó¢ËþÞÛ)
  • Farr test
    ÆÄ¾Æ ½ÃÇè (ãËúÐ)
  • Fehling's test
    Æç¸µ ½ÃÇè(ãËúÐ)
  • fluctuation test
    ¿äµ¿ ½ÃÇè(èôÔÑãËúÐ)
  • Fouchet's test
    Ǫ½¦ °Ë»ç(ËþÞÛ)
  • F test
    F ½ÃÇè(ãËúÐ)
  • galactose tolerance test
    °¶¶ôÅ佺 ³»¼º°Ë»ç(Ò±àõËþÞÛ)
  • glucose tolerance test
    ±Û·çÄÚ½º ³»¼º °Ë»ç(Ò±àõì×í­)
  • hapten inhibition test
    ÇÕÅÙ ÀúÇØ½ÃÇè(ãËúÐ)
  • Harris-Ray test
    ÇØ¸®½º-·¡ÀÌ ½ÃÇè(ãËúÐ)
  • Heller's test
    Çï·¯ ½ÃÇè(ãËúÐ)
KI ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 11 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • skin test
    ÇǺÎ(¹ÝÀÀ)°Ë»ç
  • supression test
    ¾ïÁ¦°Ë»ç
  • test
    ½ÃÇè, °Ë»ç(¹ý)
  • test object
    ½ÃÇè´ë»ó, Ç¥½Ä¹°
  • test phantom
    Ç¥ÁØÆÒÅÒ
  • test phase
    ½ÃÇè±â
  • thymol turbidity test
    Ƽ¸ôȥʽÃÇè
  • thyroid function test
    °©»ó¼±±â´É°Ë»ç
  • tolerance test
    ³»¿ë·Â°Ë»ç, ³»¿ë¼º°Ë»ç, ³»¼º°Ë»ç
  • treadmill exercise test
    ´äÂ÷¿îµ¿°Ë»ç
  • vestibular function test
    ÀüÁ¤±â´É°Ë»ç
KMLE ÀÇÇоà¾î »çÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 5 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
TAT tetanus antitoxin; thematic apperception test; thematic aptitude test; thrombin-antithrombin complex...
Bz-Ty-PABA test N-Benzoyl-L-Tyrosyl-p-Amino-Benzoic Acid test
  = Bentiromide test
  = Tr...
DAT delayed-action tablet; dementia Alzheimer's type; dental aptitude test; diacetylthiamine; diet as to...
IT immunological test; immunotherapy; implantation test; individual therapy; information technology; in...
LFT latex fixation test; latex flocculation test; left fronto-transverse [fetal position]; liver functio...
KMLE ÀÚµ¿ÃßÃâ ÀÇÇоà¾î »çÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 5 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
CHT Closed head trauma
CMC Closed mitral commissurotomy
CHI Closed-head-injured
CCC Covalently closed circular
cccDNA Covalently closed circular DNA
°æºÏ´ë Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­³»°ú ±³½Ç »çÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
    ¼³¸í
  • acoustic reflex test
    û°¢¹Ý»ç ½ÃÇè
    û°¢¹Ý»ç ¿ªÄ¡ÀÇ ÃøÁ¤¹ýÀ¸·Î¼­ Àüµµ¼º°ú °¨°¢½Å°æ¼º ³­Ã»À» °¨º° Áø´ÜÇϰųª û½Å°æÁ¾À» Áø´ÜÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀÌ¿ëµÈ´Ù.
  • ACTH stimulation test
    ACTH ÀÚ±Ø °Ë»ç
    Çϼöü ºÎ½ÅÇÇÁú°è ¿¹ºñ·Â°Ë»çÀÇ Çϳª. ºÎ½ÅÇÇÁúÀÚ±Ø È£¸£¸ó
  • Addis test
    ¾Æµð½º ½ÃÇè
    12½Ã°£ µ¿¾È ¿äÀÇ ÀÏÁ¤·® Áß ÀûÇ÷±¸ ¼ö, ¹éÇ÷±¸ ¼ö, »óÇǼ¼Æ÷, ¿øÁÖ, ´Ü¹é ÇÔ·®ÀÇ ÃøÁ¤. ½ÅÀå ÁúȯÀÇ Áø´Ü°ú °ü¸®¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
  • additional diagnostic test
    ºÎ°¡Àû Áø´Ü¹ý
  • Adler's test
    ¾Æµé·¯ ½ÃÇè
    µ¿ÀǾî=benzidine test. º¥ÁöµòÀÇ ºùÃÊ»ê Æ÷È­ ¿ë¾×¿¡ °°Àº ¾çÀÇ 3% °ú»êÈ­¼ö¼Ò¿Í ÇÇ°Ë¾× 1 §¢¸¦ °¡ÇÏ¿© û»öÀÌ »ý±â¸é Ç÷¾×ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
  • adsorption test
    ÈíÂø ½ÃÇè
  • agglutination test
    ÀÀÁý ½ÃÇè
  • agglutinin absorption test
    ÀÀÁý¼Ò Èí¼ö ½ÃÇè
    ¸é¿ª Ç÷û Áß¿¡ ÇÔÀ¯µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀÀÁý¼Ò¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇϰí, ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ÀÀÁý¼Ò¸¸À» ÇÔÀ¯ÇÏ´Â ÀÎÀÚ Ç÷ûÀ» ¸¸µå´Â ¹æ¹ý. ¸é¿ª Ç÷û¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀÀÁý¼Ò¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÀÁý¿ø
  • air test
    °ø±â ½ÃÇè
  • alkali denaturation test
    ¾ËÄ®¸® º¯¼º ½ÃÇè
    žƼº Çì¸ð±Û·ÎºóÀÇ ³óµµ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ºÐ±¤ºñ»ö¹ýÀ¸·Î, °¨µµ´Â ÁßÁ¤µµÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ½ÃÇèÀº Çì¸ð±Û·Îºó ºÐÀÚ°¡ ¾ËÄ®¸®¿¡ ³ëÃâµÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ ±Û·Îºó ºÎºÐÀÇ º¯¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çì¸ð±Û·Îºó ºÐÀÚÀÇ ÀúÇ×µµ¿¡ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Ù.
  • Allen's test
    ¾Ë·» ½ÃÇè
  • allergen test
    ¾Ë·¹¸£°Õ ½ÃÇè
    ¾Ë·¹¸£±â¼º ÁúȯÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÇ´Â ¾Ë·¹¸£°ÕÀ» °ËÃâ, È®ÀÎÇÏ´Â °Ë»ç¹ý. ½ÃÇè°ü³» ¹ÝÀÀ°ú »ýü ³» ¹ÝÀÀÀ¸·Î ³ª´¶´Ù. ½ÃÇè°ü³» ¹ÝÀÀ¿¡´Â Ç÷ûÇÐÀû ¹ÝÀÀ ¿Ü¿¡ ¹éÇ÷±¸ ¿ëü¹ÝÀÀÀ̳ª Ç÷¼ÒÆÇ ¿ëÇØ¹ÝÀÀ, È÷½ºÅ¸¹Î À¯¸®½ÃÇè, Å»°ú¸³ ½ÃÇè µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. »ýü³» ¹ÝÀÀÀº, Á÷Á¢ ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·¹¸£°ÕÀ» Åõ¿©ÇÏ¿©, Áõ¼¼ÀÇ ¹ßÇöÀ» Á¶»çÇÏ´Â À¯¹ß½ÃÇè°ú, ´Ù¸¥ °Ç°­ÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ȯÀÚÀÇ Ç÷û, ¶Ç´Â ¹éÇ÷±¸¸¦ ÁÖ»çÇÑ ÈÄ ¾Ë·¹¸£°ÕÀ» Åõ¿©ÇÏ¿© ¹ÝÀÀÀ» º¸´Â Çǵ¿¼º Àü°¡½ÃÇèÀ¸·Î ³ª´¶´Ù. ÀüÀÚ¿¡´Â ÇǺΠ¹ÝÀÀÀ̳ª Á¡¸· ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ÈÄÀÚ¿¡´Â ÇÁ¶ó¿ì½º´ÏÃ÷-Äû½ºÆ®³Ê ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
  • alternate binaural loudness balance test
    ±³´ë¼º À½ Å©±â ÆòÇü ½ÃÇè, ¾çÀ̱³´ë À½ÆòÇü°Ë»ç, ¾çÀ̱³´ë¼º À½ÆòÇü °Ë»ç
  • alternate prism cover test
    ±³´ë ÇÁ¸®Áò °¡¸² °Ë»ç
  • Ames test
    ¿¡ÀÓ½º ½ÃÇè, ¿¡ÀÓ½º ½ÇÇè, µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ À¯¹ß ½ÃÇè
    1. ¿ÜÀμº È÷½ºÆ¼µòÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ´Â »ì¸ð³Ú¶ó ƼÇǹ¸®¿òÀÇ µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌÁ¾À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© È÷½ºÆ¼µòÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ¹èÁö¿¡ ½ÃÇèÇÒ È­Çй°ÁúÀ» ¿Ã·Á³õ¾Æ µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌÁ¾ÀÌ Á¤»óÁ¾À¸·Î º¯È­½Ãų °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Å« °ÍÀ̹ǷΠ±×¸¸Å­ ¹ß¾Ï¼ºÀÌ Å©´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 2. ¹ß¾Ï¼º ¹°Áú ÃßÃâÀ» À§ÇÑ ½ÃÇèÀ¸·Î, È÷½ºÆ¼µò ÇÕ¼º¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ È¿¼Ò¸¦ °á¿©Çϰí ÀÖ´Â Salmonella ty
CancerWEB ¿µ¿µ ÀÇÇлçÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
closed circuit method A method for measuring oxygen consumption in which the subject rebreathes an initial quantity of oxygen through a carbon dioxide absorber and the decrease in the volume of oxygen being rebreathed is noted.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed comedo A comedo with a narrow or obstructed opening on the skin surface; closed comedo's may rupture, producing a low-grade dermal inflammatory reaction.
Synonym: whitehead.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed dislocation A dislocation not complicated by an external wound.
Synonym: simple dislocation.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed drainage Drainage of a body cavity via a water-or air-tight system.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed fracture A fracture in which skin is intact at site of fracture.
Synonym: simple fracture.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed head injury A head injury in which continuity of the scalp and mucous membranes is maintained.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed hospital A hospital that restricts membership on its attending or consulting staff, and thereby limits who may admit and treat patients.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed-loop obstruction Obstruction of a segment of intestine by rotation on a fixed point (volvulus); frequently impairs venous circulation of the affected bowel segment, resulting in strangulation and gangrene; the segment of intestine contained in a hernia can also become a closed-loop obstruction when sufficient compression occurs at the neck of the sac.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed reading frame A sequence of DNA that cannot be translated into a viable protein; usually due to the interruption by one or more termination codons.
Synonym: closed reading frame.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed reduction The physical manipulation of a joint or bone externally (without making a surgical incision) to affect a joint relocation or more proper anatomic alignment of broken bone fragments. Closed reductions are often performed using intravenous analgesics, local anaesthetic nerve blocks or regional anaesthesia.
(27 Sep 1997)
closed reduction of fractures Reduction by manipulation of bone, without incision in the skin.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed skull fracture Fracture with intact overlying scalp and/or mucous membranes.
Synonym: simple skull fracture.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed surgery Surgery without incision into skin, e.g., reduction of a fracture or dislocation.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed system <biology, ecology> A chemical or biological system that exchanges no matter or energy with the ouside environment.
(12 Mar 1998)
covalently closed circular DNA <molecular biology> A circular molecule of double-stranded DNA which is supercoiled, or coiled up on itself due to internal tensions, because there are no breaks in the phosphate backbone (upon which the nucleotide bases are mounted) to relieve the tensions and allow it to form an open circle.
(09 Oct 1997)
ÇÑ¿µ/¿µÇÑ »çÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • closed primary
    Á¦ÇÑ ¿¹ºñ ¼±°Å(´ç¿ø À¯ÀÚ°ÝÀÚ¸¸ÀÌ ÅõÇ¥ÇÏ´Â Èĺ¸ÀÚ ¼±°Å)
  • closed sea
    ¿µÇØ
  • closed season
    ±Ý·Æ±â
  • closed shop
    Ŭ·Î½ºµå¼ó;³ëµ¿Á¶ÇÕ¿ø¸¸À» °í¿ëÇÏ´Â »ç¾÷Àå;ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ »ç¿ë ¹æ¹ýÀÇ Çϳª;ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ÀÛ¼º ¹× Á¶ÀÛ µîÀ» Àü¹® ´ã´çÀÚ°¡ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä
  • closed-cell
    µ¶¸³±âÆ÷ÀÇ;¹ÐÆó±âÆ÷ÀÇ(¼ÒÀç´Â ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½µî)
  • closed-circuit television
    ȸ·Î(À¯¼±)ÅÚ·¹ºñÀü
  • closed-door
    ºñ°ø°³(ºñ¹Ð)ÀÇ
  • closed-end
    (ÅõÀÚ ½ÅŹÀÌ)ÀÚº»¾× °íÁ¤ÀÎ;Æó¼â½ÄÀÎ;(´ãº¸°¡)´ëºÎ ±Ý¾×À» °íÁ¤½ÃŲ
  • closed-end bond fund
    Æó¼âÇü ä±Ç ÆÝµå
  • closed-end investment company
    Æó¼âÇü ÅõÀÚ ½ÅŹ ȸ»ç
  • closed-loop
    Çǵå¹é ±â±¸·Î ÀÚµ¿ Á¶Á¤µÇ´Â
  • cup
    ÄÅ
  • Davis Cup
    µ¥À̺ñ½ºÄÅ(±¹Á¦ Å״Ͻº½ÃÇÕ ¿ì½Â¹è)
  • Dixie Cup
    ÀÚµ¿ ÆÇ¸Å±â¿ë Á¾ÀÌ ÄÅ
  • World Cup
    ¿ùµåÄÅ
ÀÌ ¾Æ·¡ ºÎÅÍ´Â °á°ú°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
KMLE ¾àǰ/ÀǾàǰ ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • Á¦Ç°¸í
    ¼ººÐ/ÇÔ·®
    ±¸ºÐ/º¸Çè±Þ¿©
KMLE ¾àǰ/ÀǾàǰ À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • Á¦Ç°¸í
    ¼ººÐ/ÇÔ·®
    ±¸ºÐ/º¸Çè±Þ¿©
¾Ë±â½¬¿î ÀÇÇпë¾îÇ®ÀÌÁý, ¼­¿ïÀÇ´ë ±³¼ö ÁöÁ¦±Ù, °í·ÁÀÇÇÐ ÃâÆÇ ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
´ëÇÑÀÇÇù ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
´ëÇÑÀÇÇù Çʼö ÀÇÇпë¾îÁý »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
¿¾ ´ëÇÑÀÇÇù ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
¿¾ ´ëÇÑÀÇÇù 2 ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
¿¾ ´ëÇÑÀÇÇù 3 ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
´ëÇÑÇØºÎÇÐȸ ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
´ëÇÑÇØºÎÇÐȸ ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
´ëÇѽŰæ¿Ü°úÇÐȸ ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
    ÇÑÀÚ
´ëÇѽŰæ¿Ü°úÇÐȸ ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
    ÇÑÀÚ
´ëÇѱâ»ýÃæÇÐȸ ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
´ëÇѱâ»ýÃæÇÐȸ ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
´ëÇÑ»ýÈ­ÇкÐÀÚ»ý¹°ÇÐȸ ¿ë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
KI ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
KMLE ÀÇÇоà¾î »çÀü ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
KMLE ÀÚµ¿ÃßÃâ ÀÇÇоà¾î »çÀü ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
ÀÇÇÐ³í¹® ¾àÀÚ(Pubmed/Entrez) °Ë»ö ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
Çѱ¹Ç¥ÁØÁúº´»çÀκзù ¾àÀÚ ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ÄÚµå
    ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
Çѱ¹Ç¥ÁØÁúº´»çÀκзù ¾àÀÚ À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ÄÚµå
    ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
°æºÏ´ë Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­³»°ú ±³½Ç »çÀü ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
    ¼³¸í
CancerWEB ¿µ¿µ ÀÇÇлçÀü ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
MeSH(Medical Subject Headings) ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö (http://www.nlm.nih.gov) °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
MeSH(Medical Subject Headings) À¯»ç °Ë»ö (http://www.nlm.nih.gov) °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - Merriam-Webster's ÀÇÇлçÀü ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö (https://www.merriam-webster.com) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - Merriam-Webster's ÀÇÇлçÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö (https://www.merriam-webster.com) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö (http://www.nlm.nih.gov) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia À¯»ç °Ë»ö (http://www.nlm.nih.gov) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - MedlinePlus Health Topics ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö (http://www.nlm.nih.gov) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - MedlinePlus Health Topics À¯»ç °Ë»ö (http://www.nlm.nih.gov) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - µå·¯±×ÀÎÆ÷ ¾àÇÐ Á¤º¸ ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö (http://www.druginfo.co.kr) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
Á¦Ç°¸í
ÆÇ¸Å»ç
º¸ÇèÄÚµå ¼ººÐ/ÇÔ·®
±¸ºÐ/º¸Çè±Þ¿©
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - µå·¯±×ÀÎÆ÷ ¾àÇÐ Á¤º¸ À¯»ç °Ë»ö (http://www.druginfo.co.kr) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
Á¦Ç°¸í
ÆÇ¸Å»ç
º¸ÇèÄÚµå ¼ººÐ/ÇÔ·®
±¸ºÐ/º¸Çè±Þ¿©
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - WebMD.com Drug Reference ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö (http://www.webmd.com) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - WebMD.com Drug Reference À¯»ç °Ë»ö (http://www.webmd.com) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - Drug.com Drugs by Medical Condition ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö (http://www.drugs.com) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - Drug.com Drugs by Medical Condition À¯»ç °Ë»ö (http://www.drugs.com) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
KMLE À¥ ¿ë¾î ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
KMLE À¥ ¿ë¾î À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
ÇÑ¿µ/¿µÇÑ »çÀü ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
WordNet ÀÏ¹Ý ¿µ¿µ »çÀü °Ë»ö °á°ú : 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - American Heritage Dictionary ¿µ¿µ»çÀü ¸ÂÃã °Ë»ö (https://www.ahdictionary.com) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
¿ÜºÎ ¸µÅ© - American Heritage Dictionary ¿µ¿µ»çÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö (https://www.ahdictionary.com) °á°ú: 0 ÆäÀÌÁö: 3
ÅëÇÕ°Ë»ö ¿Ï·á