| MCGN | mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis; minimal change glomerulonephritis; mixed cryoglobulinemia with... |
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| MCL | maximum containment laboratory; medial collateral ligament; midclavicular line; midcostal line; mini... |
| M/E | myeloid/erythroid [ratio] |
| ML | Licentiate in Medicine; Licentiate in Midwifery; malignant lymphoma; marked latency; maximum likelih... |
| MM | macromolecule; Maelzels metronome; major medical [insurance]; malignant melanoma; manubrium to malle... |
| avian leukaemia-sarcoma complex | A term applied to a group of transmissible virus-induced diseases of chickens causing sarcoma, myeloblastosis, erythroblastosis, leukosis, osteopetrosis, and lymphomatosis. These agents are closely related viruses (avian leukosis-sarcoma virus) causing prolferation of immature erythroid, myeloid, or lymphoid cells, a division of the RNA tumour viruses (subfamily Oncovirinae) causing the avian leukosis-sarcoma complex of diseases; the viruses are subgrouped according to antigenic characteristics and growth in defined types of tissue culture cells. Synonym: avian erythroblastosis virus, avian leukosis-sarcoma virus, avian lymphomatosis virus, avian myeloblastosis virus, avian sarcoma virus, fowl erythroblastosis virus, fowl lymphomatosis virus, fowl myeloblastosis virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| avian leukaemia virus | <virology> Group of C type RNA tumour viruses (Oncovirinae) that cause various leukaemias and other tumours in birds. The acute leukaemia viruses, that are replication defective and require helper viruses, include avian erythroblastosis (AEV), myeloblastosis (AMV) and myelo cytomatosis viruses. AEV carries two transforming genes, v erbA and v erbB, the cellular homologue of the latter is the structural gene for the epidermal growth factor receptor. AMV carries v myb and causes a myeloid leukaemia, avian myelocytomatosis virus carries v myc. The avian lymphatic leukaemia viruses (ALV) are also Retroviridae but are replication competent and induce neoplasia only after several months, they often occur in conjunction with replication defective leukaemia viruses. (02 Jan 1998) |
| basophilic leukaemia | A form of granulocytic leukaemia in which there are unusually great numbers of basophilic granulocytes in the tissues and circulating blood; in some instances, the immature and mature basophilic forms may represent from 40 to 80% of the total numbers of white blood cells. Synonym: mast cell leukaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| B-cell leukaemia | A test which detects the presence of antigens on the surface of B lymphocytes. These antigens can indicate the presence of leukaemia. most often this is used to detect and differentiate chronic lymphocytic leukaemia from acute lymphocytic leukaemia. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| bovine leukaemia | A lymphoid neoplastic disease in cattle caused by the bovine leukaemia virus. Enzootic bovine leukosis may take the form of lymphosarcoma, malignant lymphoma, or leukaemia but the presence of malignant cells in the blood is not a consistent finding. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bovine leukaemia virus | A type C retrovirus in the subfamily Retrovirinae, commonly infecting cattle, especially dairy cows; in a small proportion of infected cattle, it will cause enzootic bovine leukosis. Synonym: bovine leukosis virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cancer, leukaemia | Leukaemia is a cancer of the white blood cells. Leukaemias are grouped by how quickly the disease develops (acute or chronic) as well as by the type of blood cell that is affected. People with leukaemia are at significantly increased risk for developing infections, anaemia, and bleeding. Diagnosis of leukaemia is supported by findings of the medical history and examination, and examining blood under a microscope. Leukaemia cells can be detected and further classified with a bone marrow aspiration and/or biopsy. most patients with leukaemia are treated with chemotherapy. Some patients also may have radiation therapy and/or bone marrow transplantation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| radiation leukaemia virus | A murine leukaemia virus isolated from radiation-induced lymphomas in c57bl mice. It is leukemogenic, thymotrophic, can be transmitted vertically, and replicates only in vivo. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Maloney leukaemia virus | A retrovirus associated with leukaemia in rodents. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Rauscher leukaemia virus | An RNA retrovirus associated with leukaemia in rodents; similar to Friend virus. Synonym: Rauscher's virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mast cell leukaemia | A form of granulocytic leukaemia in which there are unusually great numbers of basophilic granulocytes in the tissues and circulating blood; in some instances, the immature and mature basophilic forms may represent from 40 to 80% of the total numbers of white blood cells. Synonym: mast cell leukaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mature cell leukaemia | Chronic granulocytic leukaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| megakaryocytic leukaemia | An unusual form of myelopoietic disease that is characterised by a seemingly uncontrolled proliferation of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, and sometimes by the presence of a considerable number of megakaryocytes in the circulating blood. When bone marrow is examined at various intervals in some instances of chronic myelocytic leukaemia, the proliferation of megakaryocytes is more prominent than that of the granulocytes; at such times, the circulating blood may contain megakaryocytes or fragments of megakaryocytic nuclei and cytoplasm, or both, amounting to as much as 5 or 6% of the total number of leukocytes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| meningeal leukaemia | Infiltration of the meninges by leukaemic cells, a common occurrence in relapse following systemic administration of chemotherapeutic agents to leukaemia patients. (05 Mar 2000) |
| granulocytic leukaemia | <haematology, tumour> A form of leukaemia characterised by an uncontrolled proliferation of myelopoietic cells in the bone marrow and in extramedullary sites, and the presence of large numbers of immature and mature granulocytic forms in various tissues (and organs) and in the circulating blood. The total count may range from 1000 (aleukaemic variety) to several hundred thousand per cu mm. The predominant cell is usually of the neutrophilic series, but, in a few instances, eosinophilic or basophilic granulocytes, or even megakaryocytes, may represent the chief form; early in granulocytic leukaemia, the circulating blood may contain excessive numbers of all of the granulocytic forms. Synonym: leukaemic myelosis, myelocytic leukaemia, myelogenic leukaemia, myelogenous leukaemia, myeloid leukaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |