| DMD | disease-modifying drug; Doctor of Dental Medicine; Duchenne muscular dystrophy; dystonia musculorum ... |
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| EDMD | Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy |
| EMD | electromechanical dissociation; emergency medical dispacher; emergency medical doctor; Emery-Dreifus... |
| FCMD | Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy |
| LGMD | limb-girdle muscular dystrophy |
| torsion disease of childhood | A genetic, environmental, or idiopathic disorder, usually beginning in childhood or adolescence, marked by muscular contractions that distort the spine, limbs, hips, and sometimes the cranial-innervated muscles. The abnormal movements are increased by excitement and, at least initially, abolished by sleep. The musculature is hypertonic when in action, hypotonic when at rest. Hereditary forms usually begin with involuntary posturing of the foot or hand (autosomal recessive form ) or of the neck or trunk (autosomal dominant form ); both forms may progress to produce contortions of the entire body. Synonym: progressive torsion spasm, torsion disease of childhood, torsion dystonia, Ziehen-Oppenheim disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| feeding and eating disorders of childhood | Mental disorders related to feeding and eating that are usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| adiposogenital dystrophy | A disorder characterised primarily by obesity and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism in adolescent boys; dwarfism is rare, and when present is thought to reflect hypothyroidism. Visual loss, behavioural abnormalities, and diabetes insipidus may occur. Frohlich's syndrome often is used synonymously for this disorder, although the original case involved a pituitary tumour; most cases are thought to result from hypothalamic dysfunction in areas regulating appetite and gonadal development. The most common causes are pituitary and hypothalamic neoplasms. Synonym: adiposis orchica, adiposogenital degeneration, adiposogenital dystrophy, adiposogenital syndrome, hypophysial syndrome, hypothalamic obesity with hypogonadism. Origin: L. Fr. G. Dys-, bad, + trophe, nourishment (05 Mar 2000) |
| Barnes' dystrophy | A rare type of muscular dystrophy, in which muscles are often hypertrophic and stronger than normal, but later become weak and atrophic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| macular dystrophy | A group of disorders involving predominately the posterior portion of the ocular fundus, due to degeneration in the sensory layer of the retina, retinal pigment epithelium, Bruch's membrane, choroid, or a combination of these tissues. See: Stargardt's disease, Best's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy | Fingerprint dystrophy accompanied by map-like patterns and microcystic epithelial inclusions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reflex sympathetic dystrophy | A syndrome of pain and tenderness, usually to a hand or foot, associated with vasomotor instability, skin changes and rapid development of bony demineralisation (osteoporosis). Frequently will follow a localised trauma, stroke or peripheral nerve injury. (27 Sep 1997) |
| reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome | <syndrome> A condition that features a group of typical symptoms, including pain (often burning type), tenderness, and swelling of an extremity associated with varying degrees of sweating, warmth and/or coolness, flushing, discoloration, and shiny skin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| vitreo-tapetoretinal dystrophy | Autosomal recessive bilateral peripheral and central retinoschisis with pigmentary degeneration of the retina, chorioretinal atrophy, vitreous degeneration, and night blindness. Synonym: Favre's dystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Meesman dystrophy | Epithelial dystrophy characterised by progressive cysts and opacities of the corneal epithelium, with onset in infancy. Inheritance: autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. Synonym: Meesman dystrophy. (22 Sep 2002) |
| vulvar dystrophy | A spectrum of vulvar eruptions consisting of white atrophic papules, including lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, squamous cell hyperplasia (hypertrophic dystrophy), or a combination of these (mixed dystrophy). See: lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reticular dystrophy of cornea | <ophthalmology> Bilateral, progressive, superficial degeneration of the corneal epithelium and adjacent Bowman's membrane. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Groenouw's corneal dystrophy | A granular type of corneal dystrophy, with autosomal dominant inheritance, a macular type of corneal dystrophy, with autosomal recessive inheritance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ring-like corneal dystrophy | Thread-like opacities of the anterior corneal stroma, with acute, painful onset followed by decreased vision; autosomal dominant inheritance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gutter dystrophy of cornea | A marginal furrow usually inferiorly about 1 mm from the limbus; and sometimes bilateral. Synonym: keratoleptynsis. (05 Mar 2000) |