| ECCO2R | extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal |
|---|---|
| ETCO2 | end-tidal carbon dioxide [concentration] |
| ETPCO2 | end-tidal partial carbon dioxide [concentration] |
| FECO2 | fractional concentration of carbon dioxide in expired gas |
| FiCO2, | FICO2 fractional concentration of carbon dioxide in inspired gas |
| laser trabeculoplasty | An operation for glaucoma in which laser energy is applied to trabecular meshwork.a procedure in which a laser (usually argon) is used to create small openings in the trabecular network of the eye. This improves the flow of the aqueous humor and relieves pressure owed to open-angle glaucoma, although by what precise mechanism is not known. LTP has proven effective with only certain types of glaucoma (especially capsular and pigmentary glaucomas), and is sometimes used in conjunction with laser iridotomy. Investigations into laser treatments of open-angle glaucoma began in the early 1970s, but not until the late 1980s was LTP adopted as a standard treatment for the condition, with a 2-year success rate of over 70% (dropping to 50% after 5 years). LTP lessens chances of postoperative infection and haemorrhaging, and can be performed on an outpatient basis. LTP joins other laser techniques that have radically altered eye surgery since their advent. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| lithotripsy, laser | Fragmentation of calculi, notably urinary or biliary, by laser. It is usually performed with an endoscopically guided pulsed tunable dye laser, a combination of a pulsed laser and a dye laser usually referred to as a pulsed dye laser. It is both safe and effective when extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy is infeasible or unsuccessful. (12 Dec 1998) |
| colloidal silicon dioxide | A submicroscopic fumed silica prepared by the vapor-phase hydrolysis of a silicon compound; used as a tablet diluent and as a suspending and thickening agent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hydrogen dioxide | <chemical> Hydrogen peroxide is produced by vertebrate phagocytes and is used in bacterial killing (the myeloperoxidase halide system). (05 May 1997) |
| silicon dioxide | <chemical> Silica. Transparent, tasteless crystals found in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, sand, quartz, and tridymite. The compound is insoluble in water or acids except hydrofluoric acid. Chemical name: Silica (12 Dec 1998) |
| nitrogen dioxide | <chemical> Nitrogen oxide (no2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting oedema several days later may cause death. It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb uv light that does not reach the earth's surface. Pharmacological action: oxidants, photochemical, poisons. Chemical name: Nitrogen oxide (NO2) (12 Dec 1998) |
| sulfur dioxide | <chemical> A highly toxic, colourless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant. Pharmacological action: air pollutants, environmental, antioxidants, pharmaceutic aid. Chemical name: Sulfur dioxide (12 Dec 1998) |
| dioxide | <chemistry> An oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in each molecule; binoxide. An oxide containing but one atom or equivalent of oxygen to two of a metal; a suboxide. Carbon dioxide. See Carbonic acid, under Carbonic. Origin: Pref. Di- + oxide. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| thorium dioxide | <chemical> Thorium oxide (tho2). A radiographic contrast agent that was used in the early 1930s through about 1954. High rates of mortality have been linked to its use and it has been shown to cause liver cancer. Pharmacological action: carcinogens. Chemical name: Thorium oxide (ThO2) (12 Dec 1998) |
| titanium dioxide | TiO2;contains not less than 99.0% and not more than 100.5% of TiO2, calculated on the dry basis; used in creams and powders as a protectant against external irritations and solar rays. (05 Mar 2000) |
| 1,4-diethylene dioxide | 1,4-dioxane;a colourless liquid used as a solvent for cellulose esters and in histology as a drying agent. Synonym: 1,4-diethylene dioxide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anomeric carbon | The reducing carbon of a sugar; C-1 of an aldose, C-2 of a 2-ketose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbon | <chemistry, element> Sixth element (Z=6) in the periodic table, has 6 protons, often described as the basis of life on earth because of its chemical properties, has potential for use with silicon as a low-activation structural material for fusion reactors, in the form silicon carbide. Carbon tiles are often used in plasma-facing components because its low Z makes carbon a relatively nice impurity. It is also useful as a neutron moderator. See: low-activation materials, plasma-facing components. Abbreviation: C (13 Nov 1997) |
| carbon-11 | A cyclotron-produced, positron-emitting radioisotope of carbon with a half-life of 20.3 minutes; used in positron-emitting tomography. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbon-12 | The standard of atomic mass, 98.90% of natural carbon. (05 Mar 2000) |