| basal granule | <cell biology> Structure found at the base of eukaryotic cilia and flagella consisting of a continuation of the nine outer sets of axonemal microtubules but with the addition of a C tubule to form a triplet (like the centriole). May be self replicating and serves as a nucleating centre for axonemal assembly. Anchored in the cytoplasm by rootlets. Synonymous with kinetosome. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| basal joint reflex | Opposition and adduction of the thumb with flexion at its metacarpophalangeal joint and extension at its interphalangeal joint, when firm passive flexion of the third, fourth, or fifth finger is made; the reflex is present normally but is absent in pyramidal lesions. Synonym: finger-thumb reflex, Mayer's reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal lamina | <cell biology> Extracellular matrix characteristically found under epithelial cells. There are two distinct layers: the basal lamina, immediately adjacent to the cells, is a product of the epithelial cells themselves and contains collagen type IV and the reticular lamina is produced by fibroblasts of the underlying connective tissue and contains fibrillar collagen. (15 Nov 1997) |
| basal lamina of choroid | The transparent, nearly structureless inner layer of the choroid in contact with the pigmented layer of the retina. Synonym: basal lamina of choroid, basal layer of choroid, Bruch's membrane, Henle's membrane, lamina vitrea, vitreous lamella, vitreous membrane. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal lamina of ciliary body | The inner layer of the ciliary body, continuous with the basal layer of the choroid and supporting the pigment epithelium of the ciliary retina. Synonym: lamina basalis corporis ciliaris, basal layer of ciliary body. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal lamina of cochlear | A thin layer of tissue covered with mesothelial cells that separates the cochlea from the scala tympani in the ear. (18 Nov 1997) |
| basal lamina of neural tube | The ventral division of the lateral walls of the neural tube in the embryo; it contains neuroblasts giving rise to somatic and visceral motor neurons. Synonym: lamina basalis, basal plate of neural tube, lamina ventralis, ventral plate of neural tube. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal lamina of saemicircular duct | The basal membrane underlying the epithelium of the saemicircular duct. Synonym: membrana basalis ductus saemicircularis, basal lamina of saemicircular duct. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal medium | <cell culture> An unsupplemented medium which promotes the growth of many types of microorganisms which do not require any special nutrient supplements. (15 Nov 1997) |
| basal membrane of saemicircular duct | The basal membrane underlying the epithelium of the saemicircular duct. Synonym: membrana basalis ductus saemicircularis, basal lamina of saemicircular duct. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal metabolic rate | <biochemistry, biology> The metabolic rate as measured under basal conditions: 12 hours after eating, after a restful sleep, no exercise or activity preceding test, elimination of emotional excitement and occurring in a comfortable temperature. Acronym: BMR (15 Nov 1997) |
| basal metabolism | <biochemistry, biology> Heat production, or its measurement, of an organism at the lowest level of cell chemistry in an inactive, awake, fasting state. It may be determined directly by means of a calorimeter or indirectly by calculating the heat production from an analysis of the end products of oxidation within the organism or from the amount of oxygen utilised. (27 Jun 1999) |
| basal-nerved | <botany> Having the nerves radiating from the base; said of leaves. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| basal nuclei | Nucleus of the cerebral hemisphere that originally included the caudate and lenticular nuclei, the claustrum and the amygdaloid body (complex); functionally the term basal nuclei now specifies the caudate and lenticular nuclei and adjacent cell groups having important connections therewith (subthalamic nucleus; substantia nigra, partes compacta and reticulata); amygdaloid complex now known to be part of the limbic system. Synonym: nuclei basales. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal nucleus of Ganser | A large group of large cells in the innominate substance, ventral to the lentiform nucleus. Synonym: nucleus basalis of Ganser. (05 Mar 2000) |